Optimization for Frontal Impact under section FMVSS-208 and IIHS criteria in which analysis carried on Fixed barrier with 100%, 40% collision and small offset rigid barrier with 25% collision. Done simulation to see how well a passenger vehicle would protect its occupants in the event of a serious real-world frontal crash.

1. ME8020 CRASHWORTHINESS AND
OCCUPANT PROTECTION 1
FALL 2016
Project-1
Frontal Impact
GUIDANCE PROFESSOR : BIJAN KHATIB SHADHIDI
SUBMITTED BY : KUNAL DAVE (GC3775)
PRATIK SAXENA (GD8959)

2. FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFTY STANDARD : 208
• FMVSS are U.S. federal regulations specifying design, construction,
performance, and durability requirements for motor vehicles and
regulated Automobile safety-related components, systems, and design
features.
• FMVSS are developed and enforced by the National Highway Traffic
Safety Administration (NHTSA)
• The objective of a crash test for Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard
(FMVSS) No. 208 is to measure how well a passenger vehicle would
protect its occupants in the event of a serious real world frontal crash.

3. INSURANCE INSTITUTE FOR HIGHWAY SAFETY (IIHS)
• IIHS evaluates a vehicle's crashworthiness with the help of five tests:
moderate overlap front, small overlap front, side, roof strength and
head restraints & seats.
• IIHS released the first results for a second, more demanding frontal
offset test. The new test, which is used in addition to the 40% offset
test introduced in 1995, subjects only 25% of the front end of the
vehicle to a 40 mph impact.
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4. PROBLEM STATEMENT
• Analysis carried on Fixed
barrier with 100% collision.
• Analysis carried on Fixed
barrier with 40% collision.
• Analysis carried on Small
offset rigid barrier with 25%
collision.
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5. Process Flow Chart
Unit Conversion
• All the files (Vehicle, airbag, side airbag, seat-belt) were converted from
given unit system to Metric system(MKS).
• Seat was designed according to metric system.
• Dummy was already in MKS system.
Dummy Positioning
• Renumbering of dummy and positioning in ls dyna
• Positioning dummy according to FMVSS 208 criteria.
Steering and Airbag • Steering positioning in Van and front and side airbag installation.
Contact Definition
• Automatic single surface to surface for dummy parts and other
components.
• Node to surface and Contact surface for dummy and seat Belt.
Vehicle Positioning
• Definition of vehicle position according to FMVSS 208.
• Positioning of Van with respect to wall as per regulation standards.

6. DUMMY, SEAT, SEATBELT, AIRBAG POSITIONING
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• DUMMY ,SEAT, AIRBAG
POSITIONING
• Seat was created in Hypermesh
using LS-Dyna profile according to
dummy dimensions.
• Steering column was created using
shell elements.
• DUMMY ,SEAT, AIRBAG WITH
SEATBELT POSITIONING
• The seat belt given to us was a
passenger seat belt.
• We used reflect option in LS-
Prepost to convert the seat belt to
driver’s seat belt orientation.

7. DUMMY POSITIONING:
7
In Inches
FMVSS-208 RegulationFMVSS-208 Regulation
10.30 in
7.10 in
Dummy Positioned Dummy Positioned

8. FMVSS 208 – Full Frontal Crash Modelling
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• The Full Frontal Fixed Barrier Crash test (or Rigid Barrier test) represents a
vehicle-to wall full frontal engagement crash with vehicle moving at the same
impact velocity.
• The test is intended to represent most real world crashes vehicle-to-fixed
object) with significant frontal engagement in a perpendicular impact direction.
• It is a full systems test which evaluates the protection provided by the energy-
absorbing vehicle structure and the occupant restraint system.

9. DISPLACEMENT AND VON MISES STRESS
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10. RESULT ANIMATION FOR 100% OFFSET
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11. DUMMY ANIMATION
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12. ENERGY PLOTS FOR FULL FRONTAL IMPACT
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KINETIC ENERGY VS TIME INTERNAL ENERGY VS TIME
TOTAL ENERGY VS TIME

13. DISPLACEMENT AND ACCELERATION PLOTS
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DISPLACEMENT VS TIME
RESULTANT ACCELERATION
VS TIME

14. FRONTAL IMPACT WITH 40% OFFSET
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• IIHS Tests : The Frontal Fixed Offset Deformable Barrier Test, often called the
offset barrier test, subjects the vehicle/occupant restraint system to partial
engagement of the front structure with a crushable barrier face. For all
vehicles, this test exposes the belted or unbelted occupant to approximately
the same change in velocity for any vehicle – regardless of vehicle mass/size.
• Our analysis :The wall was moved 40% offset against a rigid , non-deformable
wall.

15. DISPLACEMENT AND VON MISES STRESS
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16. RESULT ANIMATION 40% Offset
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17. ENERGY PLOTS FOR 40% OFFSET
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KINETIC ENERGY VS TIME INTERNAL ENERGY VS TIME
TOTAL ENERGY VS TIME

18. DISPLACEMENT AND ACCELERATION PLOTS
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RESULTANT ACCELERATION
VS TIME
DISPLACEMENT VS TIME

19. IIHS - FRONTAL IMPACT WITH 25% SORB
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0.8 m

20. DISPLACEMENT AND VON MISES STRESS
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21. RESULT ANIMATION 25% Offset
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22. ENERGY PLOTS FOR 25% OFFSET
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KINETIC ENERGY VS TIME INTERNAL ENERGY VS TIME
TOTAL ENERGY VS TIME

23. DISPLACEMENT AND ACCELERATION PLOTS
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DISPLACEMENT VS TIME Resultant Acceleration VS TIME

24. What if Analysis
• Increased Reaction load will reduce the injury risk as it
wont allow our dummy to move forward or to lean on
steering wheel.
• Currently we have used hybrid airbag model instead of
this we can use Partial/ Molecular airbag.
• When we ran the simulation with and without seat belt
our HIC value reduced considerably.
• Changing the buckle location of the seatbelt will
restrained the dummy and hence will reduce the injury.
• We can control pressure and volume of the airbag.
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25. Conclusion
• From the literature review and simulations we can
conclude that the Side impact is the most fatal type of
vehicle crashes.
• If we closely observe the Dummy after impact we can
see that the dummy would have severe injuries in head
and multiple fractures is Ribs, Pelvis and shoes resulting
into fatality.
• The side airbag, seatbelt plays a very important role in
keeping the driver safe.
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