Management 1

1. Four Steps of Controlling Process
The four-step process of control helps you to ensure that appropriate goals are
set, evaluated and modified when there is a discrepancy. The control process helps to
set clear goals and expectations for the company and its employees. The Four-steps
are; Establishing Performance Standards, Measuring the Actual Performance,
Comparing Actual Performance to the Standards, and Taking Corrective Action.
To give you a better understanding of these steps, let's take a look at how each of these
steps is being explained.
Setting Performance Standards. The first step in the process of controlling is
concerned with setting performance standards. These standards are the basis for measuring
the actual performance. According to the shared article of Kalpana (2016), these standards can
be expressed both in quantitative and qualitative terms.The examples of quantitative terms are;
Revenue to be earned, Units to be produced and sold, Cost to be incurred, Time to be spent in
performing a task, Amount of inventories to be maintained etc. In addition by Banerjee (2012),
some of these standards are; Time standards, the goal will be set on the basis of time lapse in
performing a task.Cost standards,these indicate the financial expenditures involved per unit,
(e.g. material cost per unit, cost per person, etc.). Income standards, these relate to financial
rewards received due to a particular activity like sales volume per month, year etc.Market share,
this relates to the share of the company's product in the market. I learned that, it Guides the
Managers in Achieving Pre-determined Goals.
Measurement of Actual Performance. Measuring performance is a vital part of
monitoring an organization’s progress. It comprises measuring the actual performance
outcomes or results of an organization against its intended goals. This requires a top-

2. down approach to setting performance criteria rather than a bottom-up approach that
often see occurring in many organizations (Stanleigh., 2016). According to Clear View
page (2015), Improve individual performance by Carrying out a dedicated survey of a
selection of employees and managers on their views and experiences of the
performance management process and tools and how they have contributed to
achieving the desired goals,Asking specific questions relating to performance
management in your existing employee attitude surveys, Conducting interviews with a
sample of employees and managers about their experiences of performance
management. I learned that you can improve anyones performance by Start evaluating,
to truly know how effective your performance management is, and to understand how to
improve it.
Compare Actual Performance to the Standard. According to Barnatthe (2014),
the comparing step determines the degree of variation between actual performance and
standard. If the first two phases have been done well, the third phase of the controlling
process - comparing performance with standards - should be straightforward. However,
sometimes it is difficult to make the required comparisons (e.g., behavioral
standards).Some deviations from the standard may be justified because of changes in
environmental conditions, or other reasons. Andersen said, Performance may be higher
than, lower than or identical to the standard. The timetable for comparing performance
to standards depends on a variety of factors Annual comparisons may be appropriate
for longer-run and higher-level standards. Daily comparisons may be necessary for
items such as a severe cash shortage, etc. I learned that after the two steps from above

3. there’s a need to compare the two steps, because risks in management are needed an
attention.
Take corrective Action. When performance deviates from standards, managers
must determine what changes, if any, are necessary and how to apply them. In the
article shared by Venkatesh (2016), in the productivity and quality‐centered
environment, workers and managers are often empowered to evaluate their own work.
After the evaluator determines the cause or causes of deviation, he or she can take the
fourth step—corrective action. The most effective course may be prescribed by policies
or may be best left up to employees' judgment and initiative. From the Popular Website
“Human Resources” (2012), All employees are expected to meet performance and
attendance standards and behave appropriately in the workplace. Corrective action is a
process of communicating with the employee to improve attendance, unacceptable
behavior or performance. You may take corrective action when other methods such as
coaching and performance management have not been successful. In cases of serious
misconduct, you may choose to proceed straight to disciplinary action. I learned that as
a manager it would be better to have a disciplinary action for every misconduct in the
organization to be able to achieve everyone’s goal.
I conclude that, setting performance Standards, are the benchmarks towards
which efforts of entire organization are directed. Measurement of Actual Performance,
are not only the measuring the performance but also the business productivity by
reducing costs. And all of the steps are very important to have effective and efficient
managers.

4. References;
“Human Resources” (2012). Managers and Supervisors. Reteived form;
http://www.hr.ucsb.edu/managers-supervisors/performance-
management/corrective-action
Banerjee.A., (2012). 4 Main Steps in Control Process in Management. Retrieved from;
http://www.preservearticles.com/2012051932638/4-main-steps-in-control-
process-in-management.html
Clear Review “How to measure the effectiveness of performance management”.
Retrieved from; https://clearreview.com/how-to-measure-performance-
management/
Kalpana . R., (2016).Controlling Process in Business Management. Retrieved from;
http://www.businessmanagementideas.com/management/controlling-process-in-
business-management-5-steps/2403
Stanleigh.M., (2016).Measuring Your Organization’s Performance. Retrieved from;
https://bia.ca/measuring-your-organizations-performance/
Venkatesh, (2016). Steps Involved in Control Process. Retrieved from;
http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/management/controlling/steps-involved-in-control-
process/53348/