台科大機械系 c 程式語言第二次演講

1. Matthew Chiu
May 20, 2015
手機 平板 大屏幕手機與程式設計

2. Myself
• Professional Experience
– Program Manager, Innovation & Research Center, HTC Taipei
– Graduate Researcher, Intel, USA
– Staff Engineer, Sun Microsystem, USA
• Education
– Ph.D., Computer Engineering, Boston University
– M.S., Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California

3. Agenda
• How smartphones have changed our life
• Smartphone history
• Hardware overview
• Software overview
• Future trend

4. How smartphones change our world
• Let’s start with a date
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sXzqQJcdr4g
• Before & After……

5. How smartphones have changed our life
Who remembered more than three numbers?
Who remembered your parents/brother number?

6. How smartphones have changed our life

7. How smartphones have changed our life

8. How smartphones have changed our life

9. How smartphones have changed our life

10. Forget your phone
• It may be Good; it may be Bad. It is just here.
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OINa46HeWg8

11. Are you addicted to smartphones?

12. Are you addicted to smartphone?

13. Are you addicted to smartphone?

14. Smartphone addiction
Source: http://www.searchcowboys.com/mobile/1950

15. Phone evolution

16. 1st generation: cell phone

17. 1st generation: cell phone
• Period: From 1980s to 2000
• Analog based mobile network
• No data communication, only SMS
• Heavy and bulky handset
• Targeted only for the business and for
• special segment

18. 2nd generation: feature phone

19. 2nd generation: feature phone
• Period: From ~2000 to 2007
• Mobile phone for the mass people
• Relatively slow data connection/ Internet usage by phone
• Various kinds of handsets
• Handset development environment is relatively closed

20. 3rd generation: smartphone

21. 3rd generation: smartphone
• Period: ~2007 ~Now
• Higher speed data network
• Many new entrants to mobile handset industry, such as Google and Apple
• Industry structure revolution
• Additional features: Apple Pay, Google Wallet

22. Moore’s law to driver IC technology
• In 1965, Gordon Moore, In 1965, Intel co-
founder, observed that the transistor
density doubles every 18 months.
• Will it still be valid?
• If not, what happened?
• What component doesn’t follow?
Source: http://www.intel.com

23. iPhone6 tear down

24. iPhone 6 PCB (front side)
Apple A8 APL1011 SoC + SK Hynix RAM
6-axis Gyroscope and Accelerometer Combo
LTE Modem

25. iPhone 6 PCB (back side)
Wi-Fi/BT/FM Radio
16GB NAND flash
GSM/CDMA/W-CDMA/LTE Receiver
Power IC

26. Hardware key part
• Platform: Processor + Sensor hub
• Memory/Storage
• Connectivity: 2G/3G/4G, Wi-Fi, BT/BLE, GPS
• Cover glass
• Display (AMOLED vs. LCD)
• Touch (Resistance vs. Capacitance)
• Camera (Front & Main) & Flash-light (single vs. dual)
• Sensor: Accelerometer, Gyro, E-compass, Barometer,
• Optical sensor: Ambient light & Proximity sensor, Infra-ray (IR),Finger-print, HR
• Speaker & Microphone
• NFC (Apply-Pay) & Touch ID (finger-print)
• RF & Antenna
• Vibrator
• Battery/Wireless charger

27. iPhone6 material cost (estimated)
http://www.techinsights.com/teardown.com/apple-iphone-6/

28. Application processor
• ARM
– RISC architecture
– Power efficient
– Design solution provider
• Main player
– Qualcomm(高通)
– MTK (聯發科)
– Spectrum (展訊)
– Samsung
• Intel
– CISC
– It’s too late….
http://technews.tw/2013/07/08/qualcomm-lost-marketshare-in-china

29. Connectivity --- GPS
• Global Positioning System (GPS)
– 24 satellites
• Other GPS systems
– GLONASS from Russia
– Beidou from China
– Galileo from EU
• 3G/Wi-Fi/Map to aid GPS (AGPS)
• ~10 meter accuracy
• Power hungry

30. Location-based service with GPS, Wi-Fi & BT
• Geo-fencing
• Indoor Positioning
– https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sUIqfjpInxY
– https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qELko9yto8A
• Traffic: crowd sourcing
• Push advertisement to you

31. Display (OLED vs. LCD)

32. OLED vs. LCD
• Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED)
• LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)
• Advantages
– Brighter, clearer picture
– More efficient viewing angle
– Thinner, lighter in weight
– Low powered
– Can be printed on various surfaces (flexible)
• Dis-advantage
– Expensive
– Image sticking
– Color saturation (too much)

33. Retina display
• Brand names used by Apple for screens that have a higher pixel density than their
previous models
• Refer to pixel density or pixel per inch (PPI)
• PPI
– Retina HD display (401 PPI, iPhone 6 plus)
– Retina display (326 PPI, iPhone 6/iPhone 5)
• Display resolution
– 4K2K (3840 x 2160)
– FHD (1920 x 1080)
– HD (1280 x 720)
– WVGA (800 x 480)

34. Touch screen
• An electronic visual display that locates the
coordinates of a users touch within display
area
• Works independently of what is being
displayed on screen
• Touch technology
• Resistive
• Capacitive

35. Resistive touch screens
• Voltage in circuit changes based on position
• Controller determines location based on voltages
• Any material can trigger sensors
Source: http://www.icyte.com/system/snapshots/fs1/0/c/d/7/0cd75b21b4fc07d1d6161c891748efc64b01cca0/index.html

36. Source: http://www.icyte.com/system/snapshots/fs1/0/c/d/7/0cd75b21b4fc07d1d6161c891748efc64b01cca0/index.html
• Touch draws minute amount of current creating
voltage drop
• Coordinates of point of contact calculated by
controller

37. Resistive vs. Capacitive
• Resistive
– Cost & Power effective
– Only single touch
– Activated by any object
– Only 75% light transmission
• Capacitive (main stream)
– Allow multiple touch
– Very accurate
– Good optical quality
– Triggered only by bare finger or active stylus

38. Sensor
Sensing environment
Interpreting data
Making decisions

39. Finger-Print
• Product overview
– Authentec acquired by Apple on July, 2012.
– Swipe and on-touch solutions
– Under-glass implementation
– ITO (transparent) solution
• Benefit/Application
– Identity unlock (including multi-user login)
– Quick app launch/unlock
– Payment security

40. More on sensor technology
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AvYR549kZs0

41. Smartphone OS
• Google Android – Open source mobile OS developed by the Open Handset
Alliance led by Google. Based on Linux 2.6 kernel (written in Linux, C/C++, Java)
• Apple iOS – Apple’s proprietary mobile OS, iPhone, iPod Touch, iPad. Derived
from OS X, very UNIX like (written in Object-C).
• Microsoft Windows Phone (written in C/C++)
• Blackberry OS – RIM (Research in Motion), proprietary OS
• Symbian – acquired by Nokia 2008
• Tizen: Samsung

42. Major players (Android vs. iOS)
Source: http://9to5google.com/2014/04/30/android-grows-to-almost-60-us-smartphone-marketshare-in-q1-as-ios-drops/

43. Android Naming Rule
• All releases were named with “Dessert”
• Android 1.5 Cupcake (紙杯蛋糕) in 2009
• Android 1.6 Donut (甜甜圈)
• Android 2.0/2.1 Éclair (閃電泡芙)
• Android 2.2 Froyo (霜凍優格)
• Android 2.3 Gingerbread (薑餅)
• Android 3.0 Honeycomb (蜂巢)
• Android 4.0 Ice Cream Sandwich (冰淇淋三明治)
• Android 4.1/4.2/4.3 Jelly Bean (雷根糖)
• Android 4.4 key Lime Pine/KitKat (奇巧)
• Android 5.0 Lollipop (棒棒糖) in 10/15/2014
• Android Wear for wearable devices

44. Android SW Stack
Source: http://www.edureka.co/blog/beginners-guide-android-architecture/

45. TIOBE Index for October 2014
http://www.tiobe.com/index.php/content/paperinfo/tpci/index.html

46. TIOBE Index for October 2014 (Cont.)
The TIOBE Programming Community index is an indicator of the popularity of programming languages. The index is updated once a month. The ratings
are based on the number of skilled engineers world-wide, courses and third party vendors. Popular search engines such as Google, Bing, Yahoo!,
Wikipedia, Amazon, YouTube and Baidu are used to calculate the ratings. It is important to note that the TIOBE index is not about
the best programming language or the language in which most lines of code have been written.
http://www.tiobe.com/index.php/content/paperinfo/tpci/index.html

47. Wearable World
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QrqZl2QIz0c

48. Future
• Small, Fast, and Long
• Big Data (cloud computing)
• Internet of Thing (IoT)
– Wearable https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=shirth1OjRE
– Fitness
– Healthcare

49. Q & A

50. 工商服務時間