SlideShare ist ein Scribd-Unternehmen logo
1 von 38
Presented By:
Md. Parvez Kabir
MS Student
Reg. no.: 14-05-3218
Department of Soil Science
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University
Salna, Gazipur- 1706.
Nano-fertilizer for Smart Agriculture
LAYOUT OF THE PRESENTATION
2
Introduction
Objectives
Approaches to the preparation
Review of findings
Summary
Conclusions
Introduction
During 1970s, first green revolution targeted four basic
components-
semi-dwarf high yielding varieties of rice and wheat,
extensive use of irrigation,
fertilizers and
agro-chemicals
Therefore, crop production increased terrifically.
3
4
 Nano technology first defined by Norio Taniguchi in 1974
 Nanotech is the study of manipulating matter on an atomic or
molecular scale
 Nano technology manages structure in the size range between
1-100 nm
Continued…
5
Worlds agriculture is now facing a lot of challenges viz.
 static crop yields,
 low nutrient use efficiency,
 declining soil organic matter,
 multi-nutrient deficiencies,
 shrinking arable land, water availability, and
 shortage of labor, etc.
Continued…
6
 For this, Nanotechnology, planning ultra-small particles having
exceptional properties
 Now, it becomes an emerging and promising strategy to increase
crop productivity (Raliya et al., 2017).
 This idea is the part of evolving science of precision farming and
 Precision farming makes agriculture more sustainable
Continued…
7
In agriculture, nanotechnology are being used for various
purposes. For example:
 nanoscale sensors for sensing nutrients, pesticides,
 target conveyance of biomolecules
 nutrient recovery, and
 smart fertilizers and their efficient delivery
But this review paper specially focused on nanotechnology for
smart fertilization.
Continued…
Farmers typically apply fertilizers through soil by-
 surface broadcasting,
 subsurface placement, or
 mixing with irrigation water
However, a large portion of applied fertilizers are lost to the
atmosphere or surface water bodies and pollutes the environments
8
Continued…
 Today, worldwide fertilizer application is increasing, along
with increasing global population
 Now, farmers are using nearly 85% of the world’s total mined
phosphorus as fertilizer
 But plants can uptake only about 42% of the supplied
phosphorus (Raliya et al., 2017).
 If this scenario persists, the world’s supply of phosphorus could
run out within the next 80 years, affecting agricultural
productivity (Dawson et al., 2011).
9
Continued…
 Now a days, organic farming is become popular specially in
developed countries
 Some crops also grown under artificial conditions using
hydroponic techniques,
 But the cost (in energy and Tk.) is nearly 10 times that of
conventional agriculture
 So, these are neither affordable nor sustainable for the future
agriculture (Pimentel and Wilson, 2004).
10
Continued…
Thus, nano-fertilization is considered as an emerging tool for
minimizing the problems regarding to the crop production
But, there is a huge knowledge gap concerning the nano-fertilizer
Based on the above mentioned background the present study
emphasizes on the following objectives-
11
Continued…
 To highlight the fundamental and applied aspect of nano-
fertilizers for precision agriculture and
 To highlight the impact of nano-fertilizers on nutrient use
efficiency and crop productivity.
12
Objectives
APPROACHES TO THE PREPARATION
13
 This paper is exclusively Review Paper
 All Information were collected from secondary sources
 Various Books, Journals
 Articles, Reports, Proceedings
 Internet Browsing
 Valuable information and suggestions were taken from
major professor and course instructors.
Compiled and arranged chronologically.
REVIEW OF FINDINGS
14
 A nano-particle (or nano-powder or nanocluster or nanocrystal)
is a small particle with at least one dimension less than 100 nm.
1 Nanometer = 10-9 m = 1 billionth of a meter
There are 2,54,00000 nanometers in an inch
15
What is Nanoparticle?
16
(Source: Qureshi et al., 2018)
Continued..
Figure1. The size of nanoparticles
• Morphology-aspect ratio/size
• Hydrophilic
• Surface area-roughness/porosity
• High solubility
• Surface species- quick adsorption
• Capacity to produce ROS
• Structure/composition
• Surface charge
• Competitive binding sites with
receptor
• Dispersion/aggregation
Figure 2. The properties of nanoparticles
(Source: Manjunatha et al., 2016)
Properties of Nano-particle
17
 Synthesized form of traditional fertilizer
 Sometime extracted from different plant parts
 Following different methods of nanotechnology
 Helps to increase soil fertility and productivity
18
What is Nano-fertilizer?
Nano-fertilizers are advantageous over conventional fertilizers. They-
enhance soil fertility, yield and quality parameters of the crops
improves the nutritional content of crops and the quality of the taste
non-toxic and less harmful to the ecosystem
increases nutrients use efficiency and reduces the costs of
environmental protection
The basic comparison has been shown in the following Table 1 19
Why farmer use Nano-fertilizer rather than
Traditional Fertilizers?
Properties Nano-fertilizer Conventional Fertilizer
Solubility Highly soluble in aqueous solution just after
application
Exhibit less solubility
Nutrient
uptake
efficiency
Increase fertilizer use efficiency and nutrients
uptake thus, save fertilizers
Not available at a time thus, decrease
efficiency
Controlled
release modes
Present Absent
Effective
duration of
nutrient
release
Capability to extend duration of nutrient release
from fertilizer
Plants can only use it just after the
application, the rest is gone for
conversion or fixation
Loss rate of
nutrients
Reduce the loss of fertilizer High nutrient loss by leaching, run off,
and drift
20
Table1. Comparison of nanotechnology-based formulations and conventional
fertilizers applications
(Source: Cui et al., 2010)
21
27
75
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Conventional Nanofertilizer
%Nuseefficiency
Figure 3. Nitrogen use efficiency (%) of conventional and nano-fertilizer on pearl
millet
(Source: Somasundaran et al., 2010)
Continued..
22
Smart Nutrient Delivery System
The “smart delivery systems” of nano-fertilizer for agriculture
possess-
 pre-programmed,
 self-regulated,
 remotely regulated,
 timely controlled,
 spatially targeted,
 multifunctional characteristics.
23
Figure 4. Smart Delivery System of Nano-fertilizer
(Source: Morales-Díaz et al., 2017)
Continued..
24
Effect of nano-fertilizer on nutrient use efficiency (NUE)
 Nano-fertilizers exhibit a higher surface area due to its minute
particle size
 High solubility in different solvent such as water
 Highly reactive with other compounds which facilitate the
different metabolic process on plants
 Capability to penetrate on plants from applied surface such as soil
or leaves
 Porous leaf or root system easily uptake this nutrients
 Thus, it improves the uptake and nutrient use efficiency in plants.
25
% P Use Efficiency,
SSP, 15.1
% P Use Efficiency,
KH2PO4, 29.8
% P Use Efficiency,
Nano P, 57.8
%PUseEfficiency
65
60
55
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Figure 5. Comparison of P use efficiency of Single Super Phosphate (SSP),
Soluble P (KH2PO4) and Nano-P on cluster bean
(Source: Tarafdar et al., 2015)
Continued..
26
Nano-fertilizer increases enzymatic activities and organic acid
concentration in the Rhizosphere
 Microbial activities are higher in the rhizosphere rather than others in the
soil
 Plant root secretes some exudates and microbes take these as a food
 When nano-fertilizers are applied, both plants and microbes easily
assimilate these without any modifications and accelerate their growth and
population
 These huge number of microbes produce huge amount of hormones,
organic acids (Table 3) and plant growth promoting enzymes (Table 4)
which increase mineralization of soil.
27
Table 3. Percent (%) enhancement of organic acid concentration in the
rhizosphere and P uptake on the following crops
Crops Organic acid concentration P Uptake
Cluster bean 23.2 27.2
Moth bean 19.5 23.5
Mung bean 20.7 22.7
Pearl millet 15.5 17.3
*Nano-P application @ 640 mg ha-1
(Source: Tarafdar et al., 2015)
28
Table 4. Application of nano-fertilizer increases PGP enzymatic
activities in the rhizosphere
Beneficial Enzymes Percent (%)increase in activity
Dehydrogenase 25-68
Esterase 23-90
Acid phosphatase 21-72
Alkaline phosphatase 18-136
Phytase 23-83
Nitrate reductase 12-47
Aryl sulphatase 19-68
Cellulase 48-243
Hemi-cellulase 37-115
(Source: Tarafdar et al., 2015)
29
Seeds germination and growth parameters of the plant
 Nano-fertilizers play a significant role on the seed germination and
seedlings vigor
 Nano-fertilizers easily penetrate the epidermis of the seed
 As a result, young seedlings get enough available nutrients for their
growth and development, thus it helps to increase the yield later on
 Sometimes it may exhibit inhibitory effects due to excessive amounts
of nano-fertilizers application.
30
Table 5. Positive effects of nano-fertilizers on plant
SL.
No.
Nano-
particles
Effects Plants References
1 Al Improved root growth Raphanus sativus Lin and Xing,
2007.
2 TiO2 Increased shoot and seedling
lengths
Triticum aestivum
L. var. Pishtaz
Feizi et al., 2012.
3 Ag Enhanced plant growth and
diosgenin synthesis
Trigonella foenum-
graecum
L.
Jasim et al., 2017.
4 ZnO Improved growth and yield Arachis hypogaea Prasad et al., 2012.
5 SiO2 Improved seed germination Lycopersicum
esculentum Mill
Siddiqui and Al-
Whaibi, 2014.
(Source: Duhan et al., 2017)
31
Table 6. Adverse effects of nano-fertilizers on plants
SL.
No.
Nanoparticles Effects Plants References
1. TiO2 Inhibition in cell growth and
nitrogen fixation activity
Anabaena variabilis Cherchi and Gu,
2010.
2. Al Reduced root length Lactuca sativa Lin and Xing,
2007.
3. Ag Reduced transpiration Cucurbita pepo Stampoulis et
al., 2009.
4. Cu Reduced biomass and root
Growth
Cucurbita pepo Stampoulis et
al., 2009.
5. Al2O3 Reduced root length Zea mays Lin and Xing,
2007.
(Source: Duhan et al., 2017)
32
Yield and yield parameters
 Nano fertilizers increase the seed germination, vigor, growth
parameters (plant height, leaf area, leaf area index, number of
leaves per plant) dry matter production, chlorophyll production,
rate of the photosynthesis, etc.
 These result in more production and translocation of photosynthets
to different parts of the plant
 Thus, the crop produces higher yields.
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Rootlength(cm/plant)
(b)
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
C
NPK10
NPK25
NPK100
Nano10
Nano25
Nano100
C
NPK10
NPK25
NPK100
Nano10
Nano25
Nano100
Shootlength(cm/plant)
C
NPK10
NPK25
NPK100
Nano10
Nano25
Nano100
Freshweight(g/plant)
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
C
NPK10
NPK25
NPK100
Nano10
Nano25
Nano100
Dryweight(g/plant)
0.35
0.30
0.25
0.20
0.15
0.10
0.5
0
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
Treatments Treatments
Treatments Treatments
Figure 6. The effect of traditional and nanofertilizers on (a) root length, (b) shoot length, (c) fresh weight, (d) dry
weight of wheat plants grown on sandy soil at 46 and 71 days after sowing
(Source: Abdel-Aziz et al., 2016)
46 d 71 d
33
34
Cost of Cultivation
Table 7. A comparison of cost of cultivation of Nano-P with SSP and DAP for pearl millet
 Generally,the cost of cultivation due to application of nano-fertilizers is 2-6 times
less as compared to application of chemical fertilizer for equivalent yield of the
crops (Tarafdar et al., 2015).
Name of the Fertilizer Recommended
Doses
Cost of Cultivation
(Tk./ha)
Yield Status
(Kg/ha)
Single Super Phosphate
(SSP)
80 Kg/ha ~770 950
Diammonium Phosphate
(DAP)
80 Kg/ha ~2400 960
Nano-P 720 mg/ha 425 1090
(Source: Tarafdar et al., 2015)
• Low productivity
• Stress and
disease sensitive
• Nutritional
deficiency
• Poor soil biological
health
• Low native nutrient
mobilization
• Low microbial
diversity
• Low production
rate with respect
to demand
• Nutritive food
• Bio-fertilizer
may cause
pathogenic sign
• Improves soil
biological health
• High production rate
• Bioaccumulation of harmful
fertilizer byproduct
• Affect natural resources
• Decreases nutritional quality
• Demolish soil biological
health
• Eutrophication
• Low microbial diversity
• Enhance soil biological health
• More microbial diversity
• Enhance native nutrient mobilization
• Reduce demand of fertilizer
• High production
• More nutritious food
• Save natural resources
• Sustainable
Summary
Figure 7. Comparative analysis of possible pros and cons of the conventional approach
with respect to nanotechnology-mediated agriculture production
(Source: Raliya et al., 2017)
36
36
Conclusions
 Worlds agriculture is now facing a lot of problems
 It creates scarcity in water resources and arable lands
 The development of agriculture sector is only possible by
accelerating the resource use efficiency with the minimum reduction
to the yield through effective utilization of modern technologies.
 For this, nano-fertilizers are very effective for precise nutrient
management in agricultural sector.
37
 Nano-fertilizers have the capability to increase nutrient use
efficiency, minimize soil toxicity, reduce the potential negative
effects associated with over dosage and frequency of the application
as well as the cost of production.
 As nano-fertilizer exhibits a large surface area with minute size, it
can easily translocate and uptake by plants and producing more
photosynthate, dry matter ultimately increases the yield of a crop.
 Thus, nano-fertilizers become more potential for achieving
sustainable agriculture, especially in developing countries.
Continued…
38

Weitere ähnliche Inhalte

Was ist angesagt?

Nanotechnology and its use in agriculture
Nanotechnology and its use in agricultureNanotechnology and its use in agriculture
Nanotechnology and its use in agricultureShraddha Maurya
 
Integrated nutrient management
Integrated nutrient managementIntegrated nutrient management
Integrated nutrient managementAshok Naik
 
nutrient use efficiency
nutrient use efficiencynutrient use efficiency
nutrient use efficiencyShowkat Eytoo
 
Nanoparticles in vegetable crops
Nanoparticles in vegetable cropsNanoparticles in vegetable crops
Nanoparticles in vegetable cropsDr. Kalpesh Vaghela
 
Nanofertlizers PPT SSM-1.pptx
Nanofertlizers PPT SSM-1.pptxNanofertlizers PPT SSM-1.pptx
Nanofertlizers PPT SSM-1.pptxUAS, Dharwad
 
Nanotechnology for crop improvement
Nanotechnology for crop improvementNanotechnology for crop improvement
Nanotechnology for crop improvementRachana Bagudam
 
Senior seminar- Nanotechnology in Agriculture
Senior seminar- Nanotechnology in AgricultureSenior seminar- Nanotechnology in Agriculture
Senior seminar- Nanotechnology in AgricultureSolomon Etany
 
Nano Technology for UG students of Agriculture
Nano Technology for UG students of AgricultureNano Technology for UG students of Agriculture
Nano Technology for UG students of AgricultureP.K. Mani
 
Smart fertilizer
Smart fertilizerSmart fertilizer
Smart fertilizerAkarsh3083
 
Nanofertilizers in fruit crops
Nanofertilizers in fruit cropsNanofertilizers in fruit crops
Nanofertilizers in fruit cropsOmkar Warang
 
Application of Nano-Technology in Agriculture
Application of Nano-Technology in AgricultureApplication of Nano-Technology in Agriculture
Application of Nano-Technology in Agricultureabbasshoukat
 
Soil fertility evaluation and fertilizer recommendation
Soil fertility evaluation and fertilizer recommendationSoil fertility evaluation and fertilizer recommendation
Soil fertility evaluation and fertilizer recommendationBharathM64
 
DRIS METHOD OF SOIL
DRIS METHOD OF SOILDRIS METHOD OF SOIL
DRIS METHOD OF SOILShekhAlisha
 
Nitrogen use efficiency
Nitrogen use efficiencyNitrogen use efficiency
Nitrogen use efficiencyhariniperumal1
 
FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATION BASED ON SOIL TEST VALUES
FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATION BASED ON SOIL TEST VALUESFERTILIZER RECOMMENDATION BASED ON SOIL TEST VALUES
FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATION BASED ON SOIL TEST VALUESYallanagouda Madagoudra
 
Concentrated organic manure , sludge, pk mani
Concentrated organic manure , sludge, pk maniConcentrated organic manure , sludge, pk mani
Concentrated organic manure , sludge, pk maniP.K. Mani
 

Was ist angesagt? (20)

Nano fertilizer for smart agriculture by Parvez Kabir (seminar paper)
Nano fertilizer for smart agriculture by Parvez Kabir (seminar paper)Nano fertilizer for smart agriculture by Parvez Kabir (seminar paper)
Nano fertilizer for smart agriculture by Parvez Kabir (seminar paper)
 
Nanotechnology and its use in agriculture
Nanotechnology and its use in agricultureNanotechnology and its use in agriculture
Nanotechnology and its use in agriculture
 
Integrated nutrient management
Integrated nutrient managementIntegrated nutrient management
Integrated nutrient management
 
nutrient use efficiency
nutrient use efficiencynutrient use efficiency
nutrient use efficiency
 
Nanoparticles in vegetable crops
Nanoparticles in vegetable cropsNanoparticles in vegetable crops
Nanoparticles in vegetable crops
 
Nanofertlizers PPT SSM-1.pptx
Nanofertlizers PPT SSM-1.pptxNanofertlizers PPT SSM-1.pptx
Nanofertlizers PPT SSM-1.pptx
 
Nanotechnology for crop improvement
Nanotechnology for crop improvementNanotechnology for crop improvement
Nanotechnology for crop improvement
 
Nano urea.pptx
Nano urea.pptxNano urea.pptx
Nano urea.pptx
 
Senior seminar- Nanotechnology in Agriculture
Senior seminar- Nanotechnology in AgricultureSenior seminar- Nanotechnology in Agriculture
Senior seminar- Nanotechnology in Agriculture
 
Nano Technology for UG students of Agriculture
Nano Technology for UG students of AgricultureNano Technology for UG students of Agriculture
Nano Technology for UG students of Agriculture
 
Smart fertilizer
Smart fertilizerSmart fertilizer
Smart fertilizer
 
ADVANCED TECHNIQUES TO INCREASE NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY
ADVANCED TECHNIQUES TO INCREASE NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCYADVANCED TECHNIQUES TO INCREASE NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY
ADVANCED TECHNIQUES TO INCREASE NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY
 
Nanofertilizers in fruit crops
Nanofertilizers in fruit cropsNanofertilizers in fruit crops
Nanofertilizers in fruit crops
 
Application of Nano-Technology in Agriculture
Application of Nano-Technology in AgricultureApplication of Nano-Technology in Agriculture
Application of Nano-Technology in Agriculture
 
Soil fertility evaluation and fertilizer recommendation
Soil fertility evaluation and fertilizer recommendationSoil fertility evaluation and fertilizer recommendation
Soil fertility evaluation and fertilizer recommendation
 
DRIS METHOD OF SOIL
DRIS METHOD OF SOILDRIS METHOD OF SOIL
DRIS METHOD OF SOIL
 
Nitrogen use efficiency
Nitrogen use efficiencyNitrogen use efficiency
Nitrogen use efficiency
 
Soil health an overview
Soil health an overviewSoil health an overview
Soil health an overview
 
FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATION BASED ON SOIL TEST VALUES
FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATION BASED ON SOIL TEST VALUESFERTILIZER RECOMMENDATION BASED ON SOIL TEST VALUES
FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATION BASED ON SOIL TEST VALUES
 
Concentrated organic manure , sludge, pk mani
Concentrated organic manure , sludge, pk maniConcentrated organic manure , sludge, pk mani
Concentrated organic manure , sludge, pk mani
 

Ähnlich wie Nano fertilizer for smart agriculture by parvez kabir (ppt slide )

Enhancing NUE through site specific nutrient management and in problematic soils
Enhancing NUE through site specific nutrient management and in problematic soilsEnhancing NUE through site specific nutrient management and in problematic soils
Enhancing NUE through site specific nutrient management and in problematic soilsSangramsingRrajput
 
SMART FERTILIZERS FOR FOOD SECURITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
SMART FERTILIZERS FOR FOOD SECURITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETYSMART FERTILIZERS FOR FOOD SECURITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
SMART FERTILIZERS FOR FOOD SECURITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETYCSAUA&T, Kanpur
 
Development of a novel myconanomining approach for.pptx
Development of a novel myconanomining approach for.pptxDevelopment of a novel myconanomining approach for.pptx
Development of a novel myconanomining approach for.pptxToobaBatool22
 
effect of zinc sulphate on groundnut
effect of zinc sulphate on groundnuteffect of zinc sulphate on groundnut
effect of zinc sulphate on groundnutdebasish prusty
 
IRJET- Nutrient and Pest Management through Nanotechnology
IRJET- Nutrient and Pest Management through NanotechnologyIRJET- Nutrient and Pest Management through Nanotechnology
IRJET- Nutrient and Pest Management through NanotechnologyIRJET Journal
 
Integrated Nutrient Management (INM)
Integrated Nutrient Management (INM)Integrated Nutrient Management (INM)
Integrated Nutrient Management (INM)Vikas Kashyap
 
Rajesh seminar intercropping and INM
Rajesh seminar intercropping and INMRajesh seminar intercropping and INM
Rajesh seminar intercropping and INMC. Dotaniya
 
Nitrogen and Phosphorus Use EfficiencyinImproved Potato_Hailu Gebru 2017.pdf
Nitrogen and Phosphorus Use EfficiencyinImproved Potato_Hailu Gebru 2017.pdfNitrogen and Phosphorus Use EfficiencyinImproved Potato_Hailu Gebru 2017.pdf
Nitrogen and Phosphorus Use EfficiencyinImproved Potato_Hailu Gebru 2017.pdfAbebeChindi1
 
Role of Pulses in Conservation Agriculture
Role of Pulses in Conservation AgricultureRole of Pulses in Conservation Agriculture
Role of Pulses in Conservation AgricultureSuman Dey
 
Biofertilizewr chapter 141 (1)
Biofertilizewr chapter 141 (1)Biofertilizewr chapter 141 (1)
Biofertilizewr chapter 141 (1)NMurugesan
 
Fertilizer microdosing technology in sorghum, millet and maize production at ...
Fertilizer microdosing technology in sorghum, millet and maize production at ...Fertilizer microdosing technology in sorghum, millet and maize production at ...
Fertilizer microdosing technology in sorghum, millet and maize production at ...IJASRD Journal
 
Influence of NPK Fertilizer and Poultry Manure on the Growth of Okra (Abelmos...
Influence of NPK Fertilizer and Poultry Manure on the Growth of Okra (Abelmos...Influence of NPK Fertilizer and Poultry Manure on the Growth of Okra (Abelmos...
Influence of NPK Fertilizer and Poultry Manure on the Growth of Okra (Abelmos...AI Publications
 
Scaling-up information and technology on Yield Gaps of wheat production syste...
Scaling-up information and technology on Yield Gaps of wheat production syste...Scaling-up information and technology on Yield Gaps of wheat production syste...
Scaling-up information and technology on Yield Gaps of wheat production syste...africa-rising
 
integrated nutrient management and its importance.pptx
integrated nutrient management and its importance.pptxintegrated nutrient management and its importance.pptx
integrated nutrient management and its importance.pptxjntuhcej
 
precise nutrient management of banana
precise nutrient management of bananaprecise nutrient management of banana
precise nutrient management of bananasame1996
 
Fertilizers in Agriculture
Fertilizers in AgricultureFertilizers in Agriculture
Fertilizers in AgricultureMohsin Rafique
 
Modern approaches of nitrogen management in rice.pptx
Modern approaches of nitrogen management in rice.pptxModern approaches of nitrogen management in rice.pptx
Modern approaches of nitrogen management in rice.pptxPankajLochanPanda
 

Ähnlich wie Nano fertilizer for smart agriculture by parvez kabir (ppt slide ) (20)

Enhancing NUE through site specific nutrient management and in problematic soils
Enhancing NUE through site specific nutrient management and in problematic soilsEnhancing NUE through site specific nutrient management and in problematic soils
Enhancing NUE through site specific nutrient management and in problematic soils
 
SMART FERTILIZERS FOR FOOD SECURITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
SMART FERTILIZERS FOR FOOD SECURITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETYSMART FERTILIZERS FOR FOOD SECURITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
SMART FERTILIZERS FOR FOOD SECURITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
 
Development of a novel myconanomining approach for.pptx
Development of a novel myconanomining approach for.pptxDevelopment of a novel myconanomining approach for.pptx
Development of a novel myconanomining approach for.pptx
 
effect of zinc sulphate on groundnut
effect of zinc sulphate on groundnuteffect of zinc sulphate on groundnut
effect of zinc sulphate on groundnut
 
IRJET- Nutrient and Pest Management through Nanotechnology
IRJET- Nutrient and Pest Management through NanotechnologyIRJET- Nutrient and Pest Management through Nanotechnology
IRJET- Nutrient and Pest Management through Nanotechnology
 
Integrated Nutrient Management (INM)
Integrated Nutrient Management (INM)Integrated Nutrient Management (INM)
Integrated Nutrient Management (INM)
 
Rajesh seminar intercropping and INM
Rajesh seminar intercropping and INMRajesh seminar intercropping and INM
Rajesh seminar intercropping and INM
 
Nitrogen and Phosphorus Use EfficiencyinImproved Potato_Hailu Gebru 2017.pdf
Nitrogen and Phosphorus Use EfficiencyinImproved Potato_Hailu Gebru 2017.pdfNitrogen and Phosphorus Use EfficiencyinImproved Potato_Hailu Gebru 2017.pdf
Nitrogen and Phosphorus Use EfficiencyinImproved Potato_Hailu Gebru 2017.pdf
 
Role of Pulses in Conservation Agriculture
Role of Pulses in Conservation AgricultureRole of Pulses in Conservation Agriculture
Role of Pulses in Conservation Agriculture
 
Biofertilizewr chapter 141 (1)
Biofertilizewr chapter 141 (1)Biofertilizewr chapter 141 (1)
Biofertilizewr chapter 141 (1)
 
Fertilizer microdosing technology in sorghum, millet and maize production at ...
Fertilizer microdosing technology in sorghum, millet and maize production at ...Fertilizer microdosing technology in sorghum, millet and maize production at ...
Fertilizer microdosing technology in sorghum, millet and maize production at ...
 
Influence of NPK Fertilizer and Poultry Manure on the Growth of Okra (Abelmos...
Influence of NPK Fertilizer and Poultry Manure on the Growth of Okra (Abelmos...Influence of NPK Fertilizer and Poultry Manure on the Growth of Okra (Abelmos...
Influence of NPK Fertilizer and Poultry Manure on the Growth of Okra (Abelmos...
 
Nanofertilizer
NanofertilizerNanofertilizer
Nanofertilizer
 
Scaling-up information and technology on Yield Gaps of wheat production syste...
Scaling-up information and technology on Yield Gaps of wheat production syste...Scaling-up information and technology on Yield Gaps of wheat production syste...
Scaling-up information and technology on Yield Gaps of wheat production syste...
 
INTEGRATED USE OF BIOINOCULANTS AND FERTILIZERS IN VEGETABLES FOR SUSTAINABLE...
INTEGRATED USE OF BIOINOCULANTS AND FERTILIZERS IN VEGETABLES FOR SUSTAINABLE...INTEGRATED USE OF BIOINOCULANTS AND FERTILIZERS IN VEGETABLES FOR SUSTAINABLE...
INTEGRATED USE OF BIOINOCULANTS AND FERTILIZERS IN VEGETABLES FOR SUSTAINABLE...
 
integrated nutrient management and its importance.pptx
integrated nutrient management and its importance.pptxintegrated nutrient management and its importance.pptx
integrated nutrient management and its importance.pptx
 
0424 The System of Rice Intensification (SRI) Understanding How and Why It Ra...
0424 The System of Rice Intensification (SRI) Understanding How and Why It Ra...0424 The System of Rice Intensification (SRI) Understanding How and Why It Ra...
0424 The System of Rice Intensification (SRI) Understanding How and Why It Ra...
 
precise nutrient management of banana
precise nutrient management of bananaprecise nutrient management of banana
precise nutrient management of banana
 
Fertilizers in Agriculture
Fertilizers in AgricultureFertilizers in Agriculture
Fertilizers in Agriculture
 
Modern approaches of nitrogen management in rice.pptx
Modern approaches of nitrogen management in rice.pptxModern approaches of nitrogen management in rice.pptx
Modern approaches of nitrogen management in rice.pptx
 

Kürzlich hochgeladen

Software Engineering Methodologies (overview)
Software Engineering Methodologies (overview)Software Engineering Methodologies (overview)
Software Engineering Methodologies (overview)eniolaolutunde
 
Advanced Views - Calendar View in Odoo 17
Advanced Views - Calendar View in Odoo 17Advanced Views - Calendar View in Odoo 17
Advanced Views - Calendar View in Odoo 17Celine George
 
Ecosystem Interactions Class Discussion Presentation in Blue Green Lined Styl...
Ecosystem Interactions Class Discussion Presentation in Blue Green Lined Styl...Ecosystem Interactions Class Discussion Presentation in Blue Green Lined Styl...
Ecosystem Interactions Class Discussion Presentation in Blue Green Lined Styl...fonyou31
 
Beyond the EU: DORA and NIS 2 Directive's Global Impact
Beyond the EU: DORA and NIS 2 Directive's Global ImpactBeyond the EU: DORA and NIS 2 Directive's Global Impact
Beyond the EU: DORA and NIS 2 Directive's Global ImpactPECB
 
APM Welcome, APM North West Network Conference, Synergies Across Sectors
APM Welcome, APM North West Network Conference, Synergies Across SectorsAPM Welcome, APM North West Network Conference, Synergies Across Sectors
APM Welcome, APM North West Network Conference, Synergies Across SectorsAssociation for Project Management
 
Separation of Lanthanides/ Lanthanides and Actinides
Separation of Lanthanides/ Lanthanides and ActinidesSeparation of Lanthanides/ Lanthanides and Actinides
Separation of Lanthanides/ Lanthanides and ActinidesFatimaKhan178732
 
social pharmacy d-pharm 1st year by Pragati K. Mahajan
social pharmacy d-pharm 1st year by Pragati K. Mahajansocial pharmacy d-pharm 1st year by Pragati K. Mahajan
social pharmacy d-pharm 1st year by Pragati K. Mahajanpragatimahajan3
 
Interactive Powerpoint_How to Master effective communication
Interactive Powerpoint_How to Master effective communicationInteractive Powerpoint_How to Master effective communication
Interactive Powerpoint_How to Master effective communicationnomboosow
 
Q4-W6-Restating Informational Text Grade 3
Q4-W6-Restating Informational Text Grade 3Q4-W6-Restating Informational Text Grade 3
Q4-W6-Restating Informational Text Grade 3JemimahLaneBuaron
 
A Critique of the Proposed National Education Policy Reform
A Critique of the Proposed National Education Policy ReformA Critique of the Proposed National Education Policy Reform
A Critique of the Proposed National Education Policy ReformChameera Dedduwage
 
Activity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdf
Activity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdfActivity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdf
Activity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdfciinovamais
 
POINT- BIOCHEMISTRY SEM 2 ENZYMES UNIT 5.pptx
POINT- BIOCHEMISTRY SEM 2 ENZYMES UNIT 5.pptxPOINT- BIOCHEMISTRY SEM 2 ENZYMES UNIT 5.pptx
POINT- BIOCHEMISTRY SEM 2 ENZYMES UNIT 5.pptxSayali Powar
 
Accessible design: Minimum effort, maximum impact
Accessible design: Minimum effort, maximum impactAccessible design: Minimum effort, maximum impact
Accessible design: Minimum effort, maximum impactdawncurless
 
1029-Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa khoi 6.pdf
1029-Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa khoi  6.pdf1029-Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa khoi  6.pdf
1029-Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa khoi 6.pdfQucHHunhnh
 
BAG TECHNIQUE Bag technique-a tool making use of public health bag through wh...
BAG TECHNIQUE Bag technique-a tool making use of public health bag through wh...BAG TECHNIQUE Bag technique-a tool making use of public health bag through wh...
BAG TECHNIQUE Bag technique-a tool making use of public health bag through wh...Sapna Thakur
 
CARE OF CHILD IN INCUBATOR..........pptx
CARE OF CHILD IN INCUBATOR..........pptxCARE OF CHILD IN INCUBATOR..........pptx
CARE OF CHILD IN INCUBATOR..........pptxGaneshChakor2
 
9548086042 for call girls in Indira Nagar with room service
9548086042  for call girls in Indira Nagar  with room service9548086042  for call girls in Indira Nagar  with room service
9548086042 for call girls in Indira Nagar with room servicediscovermytutordmt
 
Sanyam Choudhary Chemistry practical.pdf
Sanyam Choudhary Chemistry practical.pdfSanyam Choudhary Chemistry practical.pdf
Sanyam Choudhary Chemistry practical.pdfsanyamsingh5019
 

Kürzlich hochgeladen (20)

Advance Mobile Application Development class 07
Advance Mobile Application Development class 07Advance Mobile Application Development class 07
Advance Mobile Application Development class 07
 
Software Engineering Methodologies (overview)
Software Engineering Methodologies (overview)Software Engineering Methodologies (overview)
Software Engineering Methodologies (overview)
 
Advanced Views - Calendar View in Odoo 17
Advanced Views - Calendar View in Odoo 17Advanced Views - Calendar View in Odoo 17
Advanced Views - Calendar View in Odoo 17
 
Ecosystem Interactions Class Discussion Presentation in Blue Green Lined Styl...
Ecosystem Interactions Class Discussion Presentation in Blue Green Lined Styl...Ecosystem Interactions Class Discussion Presentation in Blue Green Lined Styl...
Ecosystem Interactions Class Discussion Presentation in Blue Green Lined Styl...
 
Beyond the EU: DORA and NIS 2 Directive's Global Impact
Beyond the EU: DORA and NIS 2 Directive's Global ImpactBeyond the EU: DORA and NIS 2 Directive's Global Impact
Beyond the EU: DORA and NIS 2 Directive's Global Impact
 
APM Welcome, APM North West Network Conference, Synergies Across Sectors
APM Welcome, APM North West Network Conference, Synergies Across SectorsAPM Welcome, APM North West Network Conference, Synergies Across Sectors
APM Welcome, APM North West Network Conference, Synergies Across Sectors
 
Separation of Lanthanides/ Lanthanides and Actinides
Separation of Lanthanides/ Lanthanides and ActinidesSeparation of Lanthanides/ Lanthanides and Actinides
Separation of Lanthanides/ Lanthanides and Actinides
 
social pharmacy d-pharm 1st year by Pragati K. Mahajan
social pharmacy d-pharm 1st year by Pragati K. Mahajansocial pharmacy d-pharm 1st year by Pragati K. Mahajan
social pharmacy d-pharm 1st year by Pragati K. Mahajan
 
Interactive Powerpoint_How to Master effective communication
Interactive Powerpoint_How to Master effective communicationInteractive Powerpoint_How to Master effective communication
Interactive Powerpoint_How to Master effective communication
 
Q4-W6-Restating Informational Text Grade 3
Q4-W6-Restating Informational Text Grade 3Q4-W6-Restating Informational Text Grade 3
Q4-W6-Restating Informational Text Grade 3
 
A Critique of the Proposed National Education Policy Reform
A Critique of the Proposed National Education Policy ReformA Critique of the Proposed National Education Policy Reform
A Critique of the Proposed National Education Policy Reform
 
Activity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdf
Activity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdfActivity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdf
Activity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdf
 
POINT- BIOCHEMISTRY SEM 2 ENZYMES UNIT 5.pptx
POINT- BIOCHEMISTRY SEM 2 ENZYMES UNIT 5.pptxPOINT- BIOCHEMISTRY SEM 2 ENZYMES UNIT 5.pptx
POINT- BIOCHEMISTRY SEM 2 ENZYMES UNIT 5.pptx
 
Accessible design: Minimum effort, maximum impact
Accessible design: Minimum effort, maximum impactAccessible design: Minimum effort, maximum impact
Accessible design: Minimum effort, maximum impact
 
Mattingly "AI & Prompt Design: Structured Data, Assistants, & RAG"
Mattingly "AI & Prompt Design: Structured Data, Assistants, & RAG"Mattingly "AI & Prompt Design: Structured Data, Assistants, & RAG"
Mattingly "AI & Prompt Design: Structured Data, Assistants, & RAG"
 
1029-Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa khoi 6.pdf
1029-Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa khoi  6.pdf1029-Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa khoi  6.pdf
1029-Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa khoi 6.pdf
 
BAG TECHNIQUE Bag technique-a tool making use of public health bag through wh...
BAG TECHNIQUE Bag technique-a tool making use of public health bag through wh...BAG TECHNIQUE Bag technique-a tool making use of public health bag through wh...
BAG TECHNIQUE Bag technique-a tool making use of public health bag through wh...
 
CARE OF CHILD IN INCUBATOR..........pptx
CARE OF CHILD IN INCUBATOR..........pptxCARE OF CHILD IN INCUBATOR..........pptx
CARE OF CHILD IN INCUBATOR..........pptx
 
9548086042 for call girls in Indira Nagar with room service
9548086042  for call girls in Indira Nagar  with room service9548086042  for call girls in Indira Nagar  with room service
9548086042 for call girls in Indira Nagar with room service
 
Sanyam Choudhary Chemistry practical.pdf
Sanyam Choudhary Chemistry practical.pdfSanyam Choudhary Chemistry practical.pdf
Sanyam Choudhary Chemistry practical.pdf
 

Nano fertilizer for smart agriculture by parvez kabir (ppt slide )

  • 1. Presented By: Md. Parvez Kabir MS Student Reg. no.: 14-05-3218 Department of Soil Science Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University Salna, Gazipur- 1706. Nano-fertilizer for Smart Agriculture
  • 2. LAYOUT OF THE PRESENTATION 2 Introduction Objectives Approaches to the preparation Review of findings Summary Conclusions
  • 3. Introduction During 1970s, first green revolution targeted four basic components- semi-dwarf high yielding varieties of rice and wheat, extensive use of irrigation, fertilizers and agro-chemicals Therefore, crop production increased terrifically. 3
  • 4. 4  Nano technology first defined by Norio Taniguchi in 1974  Nanotech is the study of manipulating matter on an atomic or molecular scale  Nano technology manages structure in the size range between 1-100 nm Continued…
  • 5. 5 Worlds agriculture is now facing a lot of challenges viz.  static crop yields,  low nutrient use efficiency,  declining soil organic matter,  multi-nutrient deficiencies,  shrinking arable land, water availability, and  shortage of labor, etc. Continued…
  • 6. 6  For this, Nanotechnology, planning ultra-small particles having exceptional properties  Now, it becomes an emerging and promising strategy to increase crop productivity (Raliya et al., 2017).  This idea is the part of evolving science of precision farming and  Precision farming makes agriculture more sustainable Continued…
  • 7. 7 In agriculture, nanotechnology are being used for various purposes. For example:  nanoscale sensors for sensing nutrients, pesticides,  target conveyance of biomolecules  nutrient recovery, and  smart fertilizers and their efficient delivery But this review paper specially focused on nanotechnology for smart fertilization. Continued…
  • 8. Farmers typically apply fertilizers through soil by-  surface broadcasting,  subsurface placement, or  mixing with irrigation water However, a large portion of applied fertilizers are lost to the atmosphere or surface water bodies and pollutes the environments 8 Continued…
  • 9.  Today, worldwide fertilizer application is increasing, along with increasing global population  Now, farmers are using nearly 85% of the world’s total mined phosphorus as fertilizer  But plants can uptake only about 42% of the supplied phosphorus (Raliya et al., 2017).  If this scenario persists, the world’s supply of phosphorus could run out within the next 80 years, affecting agricultural productivity (Dawson et al., 2011). 9 Continued…
  • 10.  Now a days, organic farming is become popular specially in developed countries  Some crops also grown under artificial conditions using hydroponic techniques,  But the cost (in energy and Tk.) is nearly 10 times that of conventional agriculture  So, these are neither affordable nor sustainable for the future agriculture (Pimentel and Wilson, 2004). 10 Continued…
  • 11. Thus, nano-fertilization is considered as an emerging tool for minimizing the problems regarding to the crop production But, there is a huge knowledge gap concerning the nano-fertilizer Based on the above mentioned background the present study emphasizes on the following objectives- 11 Continued…
  • 12.  To highlight the fundamental and applied aspect of nano- fertilizers for precision agriculture and  To highlight the impact of nano-fertilizers on nutrient use efficiency and crop productivity. 12 Objectives
  • 13. APPROACHES TO THE PREPARATION 13  This paper is exclusively Review Paper  All Information were collected from secondary sources  Various Books, Journals  Articles, Reports, Proceedings  Internet Browsing  Valuable information and suggestions were taken from major professor and course instructors. Compiled and arranged chronologically.
  • 15.  A nano-particle (or nano-powder or nanocluster or nanocrystal) is a small particle with at least one dimension less than 100 nm. 1 Nanometer = 10-9 m = 1 billionth of a meter There are 2,54,00000 nanometers in an inch 15 What is Nanoparticle?
  • 16. 16 (Source: Qureshi et al., 2018) Continued.. Figure1. The size of nanoparticles
  • 17. • Morphology-aspect ratio/size • Hydrophilic • Surface area-roughness/porosity • High solubility • Surface species- quick adsorption • Capacity to produce ROS • Structure/composition • Surface charge • Competitive binding sites with receptor • Dispersion/aggregation Figure 2. The properties of nanoparticles (Source: Manjunatha et al., 2016) Properties of Nano-particle 17
  • 18.  Synthesized form of traditional fertilizer  Sometime extracted from different plant parts  Following different methods of nanotechnology  Helps to increase soil fertility and productivity 18 What is Nano-fertilizer?
  • 19. Nano-fertilizers are advantageous over conventional fertilizers. They- enhance soil fertility, yield and quality parameters of the crops improves the nutritional content of crops and the quality of the taste non-toxic and less harmful to the ecosystem increases nutrients use efficiency and reduces the costs of environmental protection The basic comparison has been shown in the following Table 1 19 Why farmer use Nano-fertilizer rather than Traditional Fertilizers?
  • 20. Properties Nano-fertilizer Conventional Fertilizer Solubility Highly soluble in aqueous solution just after application Exhibit less solubility Nutrient uptake efficiency Increase fertilizer use efficiency and nutrients uptake thus, save fertilizers Not available at a time thus, decrease efficiency Controlled release modes Present Absent Effective duration of nutrient release Capability to extend duration of nutrient release from fertilizer Plants can only use it just after the application, the rest is gone for conversion or fixation Loss rate of nutrients Reduce the loss of fertilizer High nutrient loss by leaching, run off, and drift 20 Table1. Comparison of nanotechnology-based formulations and conventional fertilizers applications (Source: Cui et al., 2010)
  • 21. 21 27 75 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Conventional Nanofertilizer %Nuseefficiency Figure 3. Nitrogen use efficiency (%) of conventional and nano-fertilizer on pearl millet (Source: Somasundaran et al., 2010) Continued..
  • 22. 22 Smart Nutrient Delivery System The “smart delivery systems” of nano-fertilizer for agriculture possess-  pre-programmed,  self-regulated,  remotely regulated,  timely controlled,  spatially targeted,  multifunctional characteristics.
  • 23. 23 Figure 4. Smart Delivery System of Nano-fertilizer (Source: Morales-Díaz et al., 2017) Continued..
  • 24. 24 Effect of nano-fertilizer on nutrient use efficiency (NUE)  Nano-fertilizers exhibit a higher surface area due to its minute particle size  High solubility in different solvent such as water  Highly reactive with other compounds which facilitate the different metabolic process on plants  Capability to penetrate on plants from applied surface such as soil or leaves  Porous leaf or root system easily uptake this nutrients  Thus, it improves the uptake and nutrient use efficiency in plants.
  • 25. 25 % P Use Efficiency, SSP, 15.1 % P Use Efficiency, KH2PO4, 29.8 % P Use Efficiency, Nano P, 57.8 %PUseEfficiency 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Figure 5. Comparison of P use efficiency of Single Super Phosphate (SSP), Soluble P (KH2PO4) and Nano-P on cluster bean (Source: Tarafdar et al., 2015) Continued..
  • 26. 26 Nano-fertilizer increases enzymatic activities and organic acid concentration in the Rhizosphere  Microbial activities are higher in the rhizosphere rather than others in the soil  Plant root secretes some exudates and microbes take these as a food  When nano-fertilizers are applied, both plants and microbes easily assimilate these without any modifications and accelerate their growth and population  These huge number of microbes produce huge amount of hormones, organic acids (Table 3) and plant growth promoting enzymes (Table 4) which increase mineralization of soil.
  • 27. 27 Table 3. Percent (%) enhancement of organic acid concentration in the rhizosphere and P uptake on the following crops Crops Organic acid concentration P Uptake Cluster bean 23.2 27.2 Moth bean 19.5 23.5 Mung bean 20.7 22.7 Pearl millet 15.5 17.3 *Nano-P application @ 640 mg ha-1 (Source: Tarafdar et al., 2015)
  • 28. 28 Table 4. Application of nano-fertilizer increases PGP enzymatic activities in the rhizosphere Beneficial Enzymes Percent (%)increase in activity Dehydrogenase 25-68 Esterase 23-90 Acid phosphatase 21-72 Alkaline phosphatase 18-136 Phytase 23-83 Nitrate reductase 12-47 Aryl sulphatase 19-68 Cellulase 48-243 Hemi-cellulase 37-115 (Source: Tarafdar et al., 2015)
  • 29. 29 Seeds germination and growth parameters of the plant  Nano-fertilizers play a significant role on the seed germination and seedlings vigor  Nano-fertilizers easily penetrate the epidermis of the seed  As a result, young seedlings get enough available nutrients for their growth and development, thus it helps to increase the yield later on  Sometimes it may exhibit inhibitory effects due to excessive amounts of nano-fertilizers application.
  • 30. 30 Table 5. Positive effects of nano-fertilizers on plant SL. No. Nano- particles Effects Plants References 1 Al Improved root growth Raphanus sativus Lin and Xing, 2007. 2 TiO2 Increased shoot and seedling lengths Triticum aestivum L. var. Pishtaz Feizi et al., 2012. 3 Ag Enhanced plant growth and diosgenin synthesis Trigonella foenum- graecum L. Jasim et al., 2017. 4 ZnO Improved growth and yield Arachis hypogaea Prasad et al., 2012. 5 SiO2 Improved seed germination Lycopersicum esculentum Mill Siddiqui and Al- Whaibi, 2014. (Source: Duhan et al., 2017)
  • 31. 31 Table 6. Adverse effects of nano-fertilizers on plants SL. No. Nanoparticles Effects Plants References 1. TiO2 Inhibition in cell growth and nitrogen fixation activity Anabaena variabilis Cherchi and Gu, 2010. 2. Al Reduced root length Lactuca sativa Lin and Xing, 2007. 3. Ag Reduced transpiration Cucurbita pepo Stampoulis et al., 2009. 4. Cu Reduced biomass and root Growth Cucurbita pepo Stampoulis et al., 2009. 5. Al2O3 Reduced root length Zea mays Lin and Xing, 2007. (Source: Duhan et al., 2017)
  • 32. 32 Yield and yield parameters  Nano fertilizers increase the seed germination, vigor, growth parameters (plant height, leaf area, leaf area index, number of leaves per plant) dry matter production, chlorophyll production, rate of the photosynthesis, etc.  These result in more production and translocation of photosynthets to different parts of the plant  Thus, the crop produces higher yields.
  • 33. 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Rootlength(cm/plant) (b) 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 C NPK10 NPK25 NPK100 Nano10 Nano25 Nano100 C NPK10 NPK25 NPK100 Nano10 Nano25 Nano100 Shootlength(cm/plant) C NPK10 NPK25 NPK100 Nano10 Nano25 Nano100 Freshweight(g/plant) 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 C NPK10 NPK25 NPK100 Nano10 Nano25 Nano100 Dryweight(g/plant) 0.35 0.30 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.5 0 (a) (b) (c) (d) Treatments Treatments Treatments Treatments Figure 6. The effect of traditional and nanofertilizers on (a) root length, (b) shoot length, (c) fresh weight, (d) dry weight of wheat plants grown on sandy soil at 46 and 71 days after sowing (Source: Abdel-Aziz et al., 2016) 46 d 71 d 33
  • 34. 34 Cost of Cultivation Table 7. A comparison of cost of cultivation of Nano-P with SSP and DAP for pearl millet  Generally,the cost of cultivation due to application of nano-fertilizers is 2-6 times less as compared to application of chemical fertilizer for equivalent yield of the crops (Tarafdar et al., 2015). Name of the Fertilizer Recommended Doses Cost of Cultivation (Tk./ha) Yield Status (Kg/ha) Single Super Phosphate (SSP) 80 Kg/ha ~770 950 Diammonium Phosphate (DAP) 80 Kg/ha ~2400 960 Nano-P 720 mg/ha 425 1090 (Source: Tarafdar et al., 2015)
  • 35. • Low productivity • Stress and disease sensitive • Nutritional deficiency • Poor soil biological health • Low native nutrient mobilization • Low microbial diversity • Low production rate with respect to demand • Nutritive food • Bio-fertilizer may cause pathogenic sign • Improves soil biological health • High production rate • Bioaccumulation of harmful fertilizer byproduct • Affect natural resources • Decreases nutritional quality • Demolish soil biological health • Eutrophication • Low microbial diversity • Enhance soil biological health • More microbial diversity • Enhance native nutrient mobilization • Reduce demand of fertilizer • High production • More nutritious food • Save natural resources • Sustainable Summary Figure 7. Comparative analysis of possible pros and cons of the conventional approach with respect to nanotechnology-mediated agriculture production (Source: Raliya et al., 2017) 36
  • 36. 36 Conclusions  Worlds agriculture is now facing a lot of problems  It creates scarcity in water resources and arable lands  The development of agriculture sector is only possible by accelerating the resource use efficiency with the minimum reduction to the yield through effective utilization of modern technologies.  For this, nano-fertilizers are very effective for precise nutrient management in agricultural sector.
  • 37. 37  Nano-fertilizers have the capability to increase nutrient use efficiency, minimize soil toxicity, reduce the potential negative effects associated with over dosage and frequency of the application as well as the cost of production.  As nano-fertilizer exhibits a large surface area with minute size, it can easily translocate and uptake by plants and producing more photosynthate, dry matter ultimately increases the yield of a crop.  Thus, nano-fertilizers become more potential for achieving sustainable agriculture, especially in developing countries. Continued…
  • 38. 38

Hinweis der Redaktion

  1. Bnn vcbgfn cnfjhm gbgfn