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ORCID設立の経緯とその歩み
武田英明
国立情報学研究所
ORCID, Inc. Board
takeda@nii.ac.jp
ORCID: 0000-0002-2909-7163
ORCID前史
• The first Name Identifier Summit, Cambridge, MA 2009/11/9
– H. Ratner (Nature) & D. Kochalko (Thomson Reuters)
– American Institute of Physics, American Psychological Association, Association
for Computing Machinery, British Library, CrossRef, Elsevier, European
Molecular Biology Organization, Hindawi, INSPIRE (project of CERN, DESY,
Fermilab, SLAC), Massachusetts Institute of Technology Libraries, Nature
Publishing Group, Public Library of Science, ProQuest, SAGE Publications Inc.,
Springer, Thomson Reuters, University College London, University of
Manchester (JISC Names Project), University of Vienna, Wellcome Trust, and
Wiley-Blackwell.
– Declaration (2009/12/1): RESEARCH STAKEHOLDERS ANNOUNCE
COLLABORATION AMONG BROAD CROSS-SECTION OF COMMUNITY TO
RESOLVE NAME AMBIGUITY IN SCHOLARLY RESEARCH
• 当時の状況:すでに出版社等が自動著者名名寄せや研究者ページをシ
ステム化
– Distinct Author Identification System, Web of Science, Thomson Reuters
– ResearcherID, Thomson Reuters
– Scopus Author Identifier, Elsevier
– Contributor ID Project, CrossRef
• しかし、各社でやることや出版社だけでやることの限界を認識
– 論文は発行元で一元管理できるが、研究者はそもそも出版社をまたがる。ま
た、出版物だkでなく、所属(大学等)ともまたがる
ORCID, Inc.発足
• David Kochalko(Thomson Reuters)とHoward
Ratner (Nature Publishing)が音頭をとって提唱
(2009/12/1)
• ORCIDの準備会合(2009-2010前半)。Business
Working GroupとTechnical Working Group
• 参加者会合(2010/4/30 Boston)
• (2ヶ月に一度程度のBWGミーティング/理事会)
• ORCID, Inc.(アメリカ、デラウエア州のNPO)の発足
(2010.8)。理事メンバーの確定
• 運営メンバー確定
• 参加者会合(2010/12/8 London)
初期のメンバー(2010/2頃)
ORCID, Inc.,発足時のBoard member
• Hideaki Takeda (NII)
• Howard Ratner (Nature)
– Chair
• David Kochalko (TR)
– Treasurer
• Ed Pentz (CrossRef)
• Salvatore Mele (CERN)
• Bernard Rous (ACM)
• Liz Allen (Wellcome Trust)
• MacKenzie Smith (MIT
Libraries)
• Simeon Warner
(arXiv/Cornell University
Library)
• Amy Brand (Harvard
University)
– Secretary
• Chris Shillum (Elsevier)
• Martin Fenner (Hannover
Medical School)
• Thomas Hickey (OCLC)
• Crag Van Dyck (Wiley-
Blackwell)
ORCIDのBoardの過半数はNon-profitでなければならない(bylawで規約)
現在のboard
• Bernie Rous (ACM)
• Salvatore Mele (CERN)
• Daniel Forsman (Chalmers
University of Technology)
• Simeon Warner (Cornell)
• Ed Pentz (Crossref) - Chair
• Chris Shillum (Elsevier)
• Micah Altman (MIT)
• Hideaki Takeda (NII)
• Thomas Hickey (OCLC)
• Veronique Kiermer (PLOS)
• Marta Soler-Gallart
(Researcher)
• Patricia Brennan
(Thomson Reuters)
• Rick Ikeda (NIH)
• Robert Kiley (Wellcome
Trust)
• Edward Wates (John
Wiley & Sons)
初期のORCIDの目的
• ORCIDは、学術コミュニケーションにおける著者/
貢献者の名前の曖昧性の問題を解決することを
目的とし、個々の研究者に対する固有の識別子
の中央レジストリと、ORCIDと現存する他の著者
IDスキームとの間のオープンで透過的なリンクメ
カニズムを構築することによって実現する。これ
らの識別子及び識別子間の関係は研究者のア
ウトプットにリンクすることが可能であり、科学的
発見プロセスを拡大させ、研究コミュニティにお
ける研究助成や協働の効率性を改善する。
CA1740 - 動向レビュー:著者の名寄せと研究者識別子ORCID / 蔵川 圭, 2011/3/20
Mission Statement in early ORCID
• ORCID aims to solve the author/contributor name
ambiguity problem in scholarly communications
by creating a central registry of unique identifiers
for individual researchers and an open and
transparent linking mechanism between ORCID
and other current author ID schemes. These
identifiers, and the relationships among them,
can be linked to the researcher's output to
enhance the scientific discovery process and to
improve the efficiency of research funding and
collaboration within the research community.
ORCIDの役割
研究者
過去5年に私が出版したものは?
興味あるこの論文の著者の他の論文は?
研究協力者をみつけるには?
出版社
ジャーナル投稿システムで効率的に著者と査読
者を補足したい
既出版論文を含めてもっと著者のことが知りた
い
この著者と共同研究しうる査読者は?
学会
うちの会員の昨年の研究業績は?
うちの会員はどんなプロジェクトや研究助成、賞を
とっているのだろう?
どのくらい会員同士の共同研究はあるのだろう?
研究助成機関
助成金応募者の著作論文は?
助成の結果として出版された論文は?
研究プロジェクトによってどんなデータセットが公開さ
れた?
ORCID: 0000-0002-2909-7163
大学
我が組織(学科、個別の研究者)の昨年の研究業績は
うちからはどんなオープンアクセス論文をだしているの
我々の強い研究分野、弱い研究分野は?
現在のMission Statement
Collect & Connect
“enter once, re-use often”
• Clarify implementation goals and
expectations across sectors:
• Standardize and improve the
user experience
• Improve understanding of trust
in connections between ORCID
and other identifiers:
• Increase the efficiency and
quality of integrations: Help
achieve the ORCID vision
through a community approach:
ORCIDの基本原則
1. ORCIDは著者および研究寄与者に信頼できる属性を付与することで学術コミュニ
ケーションの永続的・明瞭かつ曖昧性のない記録をつくることを支援するために活
動する。
2. ORCIDは分野や地理や国や組織の境界を越えて活動する。
3. ORCIDへの参加は学術コミュニケーションに興味をもつすべての組織に対して開か
れている。
4. ORCIDのサービスへのアクセスはORCIDのWebsiteに掲載される透過的かつ非差別
的条項に基づく。
5. 研究者はORCID IDとプロファイルの生成、編集および維持を無料で行える。
6. 研究者はORCIDの自分のプロファイルデータのプラバシー設定で制御できる。
7. ORCIDに入力された全てのプロファイルデータはCC0に従って年に1度改訂され標準
的なフォーマットで無料でダウンロード可能である(各研究者のプライバシー設定に
従う)
8. ORCIDで開発された全てのソフトウエアはOpen Source Initiativeによって承認された
Open Source Software licenseによって公開される。ソフトウエアの採用においては
ORCIDはオープンソースを優先的に使う。
9. ORCID IDとプロファイルデータは無料あるいは有料のAPIとサービスを通じて提供さ
れる(プライバシー設定にしたがう)。この料金はORCIDシステムの長期的に存続さ
せるため非営利団体であるORCIDを維持するのに使われる。
10. ORCIDは広く多様な利害関係者からの代表によって運営される。その過半数は非
営利団体である。全ての理事会報告と年度ごとの財務報告は公開され、最大限の
透明性を維持する。
https://orcid.org/about/what-is-orcid/principles
ORCIDの現況
Registration Number
ORCIDの現況
ORCIDの現況

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