1. Christina Van Winkle ENV/CBW
OECD Workshop on Biodiversity and Development
February 18, 2015
Mainstreaming
Biodiversity at
the Sector
Level: An
overview

2. • Direct links between human welfare and biodiversity
2
The need for mainstreaming
Biodiversity
& Ecosystem
Services
Development
& Poverty
Reduction
- >1 bill people rely on seafood
as primary source of protein
(supports >0.5 bill livelihoods)
- 1.6 bill people rely on forests
for livelihoods
- 2.5 billion people involved in
smallholder agriculture
- Climate change risks
• Protected areas cover 15% of the earth’s land area
(3% of oceans)

3. • Prevent the negative external impacts of production sectors
on biodiversity & ecosystem services
• Promote activities beneficial to biodiversity
3
Mainstreaming at the sector level
Fisheries Agriculture Forestry
Encourage adoption of
reduced-bycatch fishing
gear
Minimise use of fertilisers
and pesticides
Establish forest
management plans
Protect spawning sites Crop rotation and
diversification
Protect wildlife migration
corridors
Set catch limits Low-intensity pasture
management systems
Secure land tenure rights
of local people
Set area/time closures Conserve high value
wildlife habitats
Selective logging

4.  Clear understanding of the relationship of sector
productivity to biodiversity and links to human well-being
 Clear objectives (must consider trade-offs and enhance
synergies)
 Identification of and engagement with stakeholders
(public and private)
 Clear communication to government and public between
mainstreaming activity and impacts on human welfare
 Good governance and strong institutions
4
Ingredients for Mainstreaming

5. • Complex and multidimensional nature of biodiversity
and development links
• Timescale of costs and benefits
• Lack of economic valuation of biodiversity and
ecosystem services
• Lack of capacity and data
• Insufficient evidence of success stories
5
Barriers to Effective Mainstreaming

6. • National Ecosystem Assessments
and valuation
• Ecosystem accounting
• Budget assessment
• SEA/EIA
• Targeted Scenario Analysis
• Biodiversity indicators
6
Tools for mainstreaming at sector level

7. • Prioritise entry points: Most obvious links? Greatest
potential? Champions?
• Timing is crucial: Planned revisions? Change of
government or policy? Setting budgets? After a crisis?
7
Entry points
Sectoral strategies, action plans and
programmes
Industry standards
Sector guidelines and good practices
Certification schemes