SlideShare ist ein Scribd-Unternehmen logo
1 von 14
PREPARED BY NITHYA TV
MEANING OF MARKET
 Marketing is an arrangement to provide
an opportunity to exchange goods.
 Marketing is sum total of all these
activities that are related to flow of
goods from production to consumption
The term market originates from Latin ‘Marcatus’
which means a place where business is conducted. A
Layman has somewhat similar connotations of the word
market which brings to his mind the place where the buyers
and sellers personally interact and finalise the deals.
Evolution of Marketing
Production Era
1930
Sales Era
1950
Marketing Era
Present
Customer satisfaction is defined as a measurement
that determines how happy customers are with a
company's products, services, and capabilities. Customer
satisfaction information, including surveys and ratings, can
help a company determine how to best improve or
changes its products and services.
A competitive advantage is
an advantage over competitors gained by offering
consumers greater value, either by means of lower prices
or by providing greater benefits and service that justifies
higher prices.
A corporate image of a company can be
defined as an image that people hold in their
mind about the company, its products, and its
services. The corporate image of a company
is the product of a company’s performance,
media coverage, and its activities. The
corporate image of a company keeps on
changing continuous and can be changed by
putting the right efforts in the right direction.
BusinessExpansion:
Different forms of business
expansion include opening in another
location, adding sales employees, increased
marketing, adding franchisees, forming an
alliance, offering new products or services,
entering new markets, merging with or
acquiring
another business, expanding globally
and expanding through the internet.
Economies of Scale:
An economy of scale is where the average
cost of production falls as production
increases. Marketing economies of
scale occur when larger firms are able to
lower the unit cost of advertising and
promotion perhaps through access to more
effective marketing media.
Efficiency is the fundamental
reduction in the amount of wasted
resources that are used to produce
a given number of goods or
services (output).
Economic efficiency results from the
optimization of resource-use to best
serve an economy.
Organizational objectives are
something which a business wants
to achieve or accomplish over a
specified period of time. These
may be to earn profit for its growth
and development, to provide
quality goods to its customers, to
protect the environment
Optimum Utilization of
Resources Management utilizes all
the physical &
human resources productively.
This leads to efficacy in
management. Management
provides maximum utilization of
scarce resources by selecting its
best possible alternate use in
industry from out of various uses.
Brand Equity: the commercial
value that derives from consumer
perception of the brand name of a
particular product or service, rather
than from the product or service
itself.
Brand Loyality: the tendency of
some consumers to continue
buying the same brand of goods
rather than competing brands.
Brand image is the current view of
the customers about a brand. It
can be defined as a unique bundle
of associations within the minds of
target customers. It signifies what
the brand presently stands for. It is
a set of beliefs held about a
specific brand

Weitere ähnliche Inhalte

Was ist angesagt?

How has marketing management changed in recent years
How has marketing management changed in recent yearsHow has marketing management changed in recent years
How has marketing management changed in recent yearsSameer Mathur
 
Chapter 2 (1)
Chapter 2 (1)Chapter 2 (1)
Chapter 2 (1)kamran
 
18020052 marketing-management
18020052 marketing-management18020052 marketing-management
18020052 marketing-managementmurty61
 
Defining Marketing for the Twenty-First Century
Defining Marketing for the Twenty-First CenturyDefining Marketing for the Twenty-First Century
Defining Marketing for the Twenty-First CenturySumit Pradhan
 
Importance of marketing
Importance of marketingImportance of marketing
Importance of marketingAnnalyn Peña
 
Introduction to Marketing Management
Introduction to Marketing ManagementIntroduction to Marketing Management
Introduction to Marketing Managementshrinivas kulkarni
 
Marketing management recap unit 1
Marketing management recap unit 1Marketing management recap unit 1
Marketing management recap unit 1viveksangwan007
 
An Introduction To Integrated Marketing Communications
An Introduction To Integrated Marketing CommunicationsAn Introduction To Integrated Marketing Communications
An Introduction To Integrated Marketing Communicationscharmi
 
Marketing PPT- Chapter 1 of Philip Kotler
Marketing PPT- Chapter 1 of Philip KotlerMarketing PPT- Chapter 1 of Philip Kotler
Marketing PPT- Chapter 1 of Philip KotlerSudarsshan11
 
Marketing Management, Strategic Marketing Management & Marketing Strategy
Marketing Management, Strategic Marketing Management & Marketing StrategyMarketing Management, Strategic Marketing Management & Marketing Strategy
Marketing Management, Strategic Marketing Management & Marketing StrategyHiba shaikh & Varda shaikh
 
Chap 1,growth of imc
Chap 1,growth of imcChap 1,growth of imc
Chap 1,growth of imcRajesh Kumar
 
Marketing management orientation
Marketing management orientationMarketing management orientation
Marketing management orientationAbdullah Khosa
 
Basic concepts-of-marketing
Basic concepts-of-marketingBasic concepts-of-marketing
Basic concepts-of-marketingTuul Narantuya
 
Importance of marketing
Importance of marketingImportance of marketing
Importance of marketingManas Saha
 

Was ist angesagt? (20)

How has marketing management changed in recent years
How has marketing management changed in recent yearsHow has marketing management changed in recent years
How has marketing management changed in recent years
 
Marketing ppt
Marketing pptMarketing ppt
Marketing ppt
 
Marketing management
Marketing managementMarketing management
Marketing management
 
Marketing mix
Marketing mixMarketing mix
Marketing mix
 
Chapter 2 (1)
Chapter 2 (1)Chapter 2 (1)
Chapter 2 (1)
 
18020052 marketing-management
18020052 marketing-management18020052 marketing-management
18020052 marketing-management
 
Defining Marketing for the Twenty-First Century
Defining Marketing for the Twenty-First CenturyDefining Marketing for the Twenty-First Century
Defining Marketing for the Twenty-First Century
 
Importance of marketing
Importance of marketingImportance of marketing
Importance of marketing
 
Introduction to Marketing Management
Introduction to Marketing ManagementIntroduction to Marketing Management
Introduction to Marketing Management
 
Marketing management recap unit 1
Marketing management recap unit 1Marketing management recap unit 1
Marketing management recap unit 1
 
Marketing Management
Marketing ManagementMarketing Management
Marketing Management
 
An Introduction To Integrated Marketing Communications
An Introduction To Integrated Marketing CommunicationsAn Introduction To Integrated Marketing Communications
An Introduction To Integrated Marketing Communications
 
Marketing PPT- Chapter 1 of Philip Kotler
Marketing PPT- Chapter 1 of Philip KotlerMarketing PPT- Chapter 1 of Philip Kotler
Marketing PPT- Chapter 1 of Philip Kotler
 
Marketing Management, Strategic Marketing Management & Marketing Strategy
Marketing Management, Strategic Marketing Management & Marketing StrategyMarketing Management, Strategic Marketing Management & Marketing Strategy
Marketing Management, Strategic Marketing Management & Marketing Strategy
 
Notes mkt
Notes mktNotes mkt
Notes mkt
 
Chap 1,growth of imc
Chap 1,growth of imcChap 1,growth of imc
Chap 1,growth of imc
 
Marketing management orientation
Marketing management orientationMarketing management orientation
Marketing management orientation
 
Basic concepts-of-marketing
Basic concepts-of-marketingBasic concepts-of-marketing
Basic concepts-of-marketing
 
Importance of marketing
Importance of marketingImportance of marketing
Importance of marketing
 
07 Marketing Management
07 Marketing Management07 Marketing Management
07 Marketing Management
 

Ähnlich wie MARKETING

marketing management
marketing managementmarketing management
marketing managementJonty Mohta
 
cooperate communication marketing
cooperate communication marketing  cooperate communication marketing
cooperate communication marketing tahamj1987
 
Marketing ( system , elements , features )
Marketing ( system , elements , features )Marketing ( system , elements , features )
Marketing ( system , elements , features )NehaArora216
 
APPLIED MANAGERIAL MARKETINGNEW PRODUCT LAUNCHSTUDENT’S NAME.docx
APPLIED MANAGERIAL MARKETINGNEW PRODUCT LAUNCHSTUDENT’S NAME.docxAPPLIED MANAGERIAL MARKETINGNEW PRODUCT LAUNCHSTUDENT’S NAME.docx
APPLIED MANAGERIAL MARKETINGNEW PRODUCT LAUNCHSTUDENT’S NAME.docxjustine1simpson78276
 
Marketing Glossary
Marketing GlossaryMarketing Glossary
Marketing Glossarya_billboard
 
Project 1 Marketing Grade 12 CBSE 2016-2017
Project 1 Marketing Grade 12 CBSE 2016-2017Project 1 Marketing Grade 12 CBSE 2016-2017
Project 1 Marketing Grade 12 CBSE 2016-2017Harsimran Singh
 
Marketing management basics
Marketing management basicsMarketing management basics
Marketing management basicsBabasab Patil
 
MBM_6109_CAT 1_Deliverable_Lamed.docx for coursework submission
MBM_6109_CAT 1_Deliverable_Lamed.docx for coursework submissionMBM_6109_CAT 1_Deliverable_Lamed.docx for coursework submission
MBM_6109_CAT 1_Deliverable_Lamed.docx for coursework submissionahimbisibwelamed
 
MBM_6109_CAT 1_Deliverable_Lamed.docx deliverable
MBM_6109_CAT 1_Deliverable_Lamed.docx deliverableMBM_6109_CAT 1_Deliverable_Lamed.docx deliverable
MBM_6109_CAT 1_Deliverable_Lamed.docx deliverableahimbisibwelamed
 
Basic concepts of_marketing
Basic concepts of_marketingBasic concepts of_marketing
Basic concepts of_marketingAmit Paul
 
Introduction to marketing
Introduction to marketingIntroduction to marketing
Introduction to marketingmeze069
 

Ähnlich wie MARKETING (20)

marketing management
marketing managementmarketing management
marketing management
 
cooperate communication marketing
cooperate communication marketing  cooperate communication marketing
cooperate communication marketing
 
Marketing Glossary
Marketing GlossaryMarketing Glossary
Marketing Glossary
 
Marketing ( system , elements , features )
Marketing ( system , elements , features )Marketing ( system , elements , features )
Marketing ( system , elements , features )
 
APPLIED MANAGERIAL MARKETINGNEW PRODUCT LAUNCHSTUDENT’S NAME.docx
APPLIED MANAGERIAL MARKETINGNEW PRODUCT LAUNCHSTUDENT’S NAME.docxAPPLIED MANAGERIAL MARKETINGNEW PRODUCT LAUNCHSTUDENT’S NAME.docx
APPLIED MANAGERIAL MARKETINGNEW PRODUCT LAUNCHSTUDENT’S NAME.docx
 
Report on marketing strategies of Amazon
Report on marketing strategies of AmazonReport on marketing strategies of Amazon
Report on marketing strategies of Amazon
 
Market glossary
Market glossaryMarket glossary
Market glossary
 
Marketing Glossary
Marketing GlossaryMarketing Glossary
Marketing Glossary
 
Marketing Glossary
Marketing GlossaryMarketing Glossary
Marketing Glossary
 
Marketing Management
Marketing ManagementMarketing Management
Marketing Management
 
Project 1 Marketing Grade 12 CBSE 2016-2017
Project 1 Marketing Grade 12 CBSE 2016-2017Project 1 Marketing Grade 12 CBSE 2016-2017
Project 1 Marketing Grade 12 CBSE 2016-2017
 
Marketing management basics
Marketing management basicsMarketing management basics
Marketing management basics
 
MBM_6109_CAT 1_Deliverable_Lamed.docx for coursework submission
MBM_6109_CAT 1_Deliverable_Lamed.docx for coursework submissionMBM_6109_CAT 1_Deliverable_Lamed.docx for coursework submission
MBM_6109_CAT 1_Deliverable_Lamed.docx for coursework submission
 
MBM_6109_CAT 1_Deliverable_Lamed.docx deliverable
MBM_6109_CAT 1_Deliverable_Lamed.docx deliverableMBM_6109_CAT 1_Deliverable_Lamed.docx deliverable
MBM_6109_CAT 1_Deliverable_Lamed.docx deliverable
 
Basic concepts of_marketing
Basic concepts of_marketingBasic concepts of_marketing
Basic concepts of_marketing
 
Marketing
MarketingMarketing
Marketing
 
Introduction to marketing
Introduction to marketingIntroduction to marketing
Introduction to marketing
 
EBP 1014 Ch. 01
EBP 1014 Ch. 01EBP 1014 Ch. 01
EBP 1014 Ch. 01
 
Chapter 1 introduction
Chapter 1 introductionChapter 1 introduction
Chapter 1 introduction
 
Marketingmix 1
Marketingmix 1Marketingmix 1
Marketingmix 1
 

Kürzlich hochgeladen

Grant Readiness 101 TechSoup and Remy Consulting
Grant Readiness 101 TechSoup and Remy ConsultingGrant Readiness 101 TechSoup and Remy Consulting
Grant Readiness 101 TechSoup and Remy ConsultingTechSoup
 
Kodo Millet PPT made by Ghanshyam bairwa college of Agriculture kumher bhara...
Kodo Millet  PPT made by Ghanshyam bairwa college of Agriculture kumher bhara...Kodo Millet  PPT made by Ghanshyam bairwa college of Agriculture kumher bhara...
Kodo Millet PPT made by Ghanshyam bairwa college of Agriculture kumher bhara...pradhanghanshyam7136
 
Magic bus Group work1and 2 (Team 3).pptx
Magic bus Group work1and 2 (Team 3).pptxMagic bus Group work1and 2 (Team 3).pptx
Magic bus Group work1and 2 (Team 3).pptxdhanalakshmis0310
 
Seal of Good Local Governance (SGLG) 2024Final.pptx
Seal of Good Local Governance (SGLG) 2024Final.pptxSeal of Good Local Governance (SGLG) 2024Final.pptx
Seal of Good Local Governance (SGLG) 2024Final.pptxnegromaestrong
 
Sociology 101 Demonstration of Learning Exhibit
Sociology 101 Demonstration of Learning ExhibitSociology 101 Demonstration of Learning Exhibit
Sociology 101 Demonstration of Learning Exhibitjbellavia9
 
TỔNG ÔN TẬP THI VÀO LỚP 10 MÔN TIẾNG ANH NĂM HỌC 2023 - 2024 CÓ ĐÁP ÁN (NGỮ Â...
TỔNG ÔN TẬP THI VÀO LỚP 10 MÔN TIẾNG ANH NĂM HỌC 2023 - 2024 CÓ ĐÁP ÁN (NGỮ Â...TỔNG ÔN TẬP THI VÀO LỚP 10 MÔN TIẾNG ANH NĂM HỌC 2023 - 2024 CÓ ĐÁP ÁN (NGỮ Â...
TỔNG ÔN TẬP THI VÀO LỚP 10 MÔN TIẾNG ANH NĂM HỌC 2023 - 2024 CÓ ĐÁP ÁN (NGỮ Â...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
 
PROCESS RECORDING FORMAT.docx
PROCESS      RECORDING        FORMAT.docxPROCESS      RECORDING        FORMAT.docx
PROCESS RECORDING FORMAT.docxPoojaSen20
 
Explore beautiful and ugly buildings. Mathematics helps us create beautiful d...
Explore beautiful and ugly buildings. Mathematics helps us create beautiful d...Explore beautiful and ugly buildings. Mathematics helps us create beautiful d...
Explore beautiful and ugly buildings. Mathematics helps us create beautiful d...christianmathematics
 
Jual Obat Aborsi Hongkong ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan...
Jual Obat Aborsi Hongkong ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan...Jual Obat Aborsi Hongkong ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan...
Jual Obat Aborsi Hongkong ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan...ZurliaSoop
 
Spellings Wk 3 English CAPS CARES Please Practise
Spellings Wk 3 English CAPS CARES Please PractiseSpellings Wk 3 English CAPS CARES Please Practise
Spellings Wk 3 English CAPS CARES Please PractiseAnaAcapella
 
This PowerPoint helps students to consider the concept of infinity.
This PowerPoint helps students to consider the concept of infinity.This PowerPoint helps students to consider the concept of infinity.
This PowerPoint helps students to consider the concept of infinity.christianmathematics
 
The basics of sentences session 3pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 3pptx.pptxThe basics of sentences session 3pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 3pptx.pptxheathfieldcps1
 
UGC NET Paper 1 Mathematical Reasoning & Aptitude.pdf
UGC NET Paper 1 Mathematical Reasoning & Aptitude.pdfUGC NET Paper 1 Mathematical Reasoning & Aptitude.pdf
UGC NET Paper 1 Mathematical Reasoning & Aptitude.pdfNirmal Dwivedi
 
Accessible Digital Futures project (20/03/2024)
Accessible Digital Futures project (20/03/2024)Accessible Digital Futures project (20/03/2024)
Accessible Digital Futures project (20/03/2024)Jisc
 
General Principles of Intellectual Property: Concepts of Intellectual Proper...
General Principles of Intellectual Property: Concepts of Intellectual  Proper...General Principles of Intellectual Property: Concepts of Intellectual  Proper...
General Principles of Intellectual Property: Concepts of Intellectual Proper...Poonam Aher Patil
 
ComPTIA Overview | Comptia Security+ Book SY0-701
ComPTIA Overview | Comptia Security+ Book SY0-701ComPTIA Overview | Comptia Security+ Book SY0-701
ComPTIA Overview | Comptia Security+ Book SY0-701bronxfugly43
 
How to Create and Manage Wizard in Odoo 17
How to Create and Manage Wizard in Odoo 17How to Create and Manage Wizard in Odoo 17
How to Create and Manage Wizard in Odoo 17Celine George
 
Food safety_Challenges food safety laboratories_.pdf
Food safety_Challenges food safety laboratories_.pdfFood safety_Challenges food safety laboratories_.pdf
Food safety_Challenges food safety laboratories_.pdfSherif Taha
 
Basic Civil Engineering first year Notes- Chapter 4 Building.pptx
Basic Civil Engineering first year Notes- Chapter 4 Building.pptxBasic Civil Engineering first year Notes- Chapter 4 Building.pptx
Basic Civil Engineering first year Notes- Chapter 4 Building.pptxDenish Jangid
 

Kürzlich hochgeladen (20)

Grant Readiness 101 TechSoup and Remy Consulting
Grant Readiness 101 TechSoup and Remy ConsultingGrant Readiness 101 TechSoup and Remy Consulting
Grant Readiness 101 TechSoup and Remy Consulting
 
Kodo Millet PPT made by Ghanshyam bairwa college of Agriculture kumher bhara...
Kodo Millet  PPT made by Ghanshyam bairwa college of Agriculture kumher bhara...Kodo Millet  PPT made by Ghanshyam bairwa college of Agriculture kumher bhara...
Kodo Millet PPT made by Ghanshyam bairwa college of Agriculture kumher bhara...
 
Magic bus Group work1and 2 (Team 3).pptx
Magic bus Group work1and 2 (Team 3).pptxMagic bus Group work1and 2 (Team 3).pptx
Magic bus Group work1and 2 (Team 3).pptx
 
Seal of Good Local Governance (SGLG) 2024Final.pptx
Seal of Good Local Governance (SGLG) 2024Final.pptxSeal of Good Local Governance (SGLG) 2024Final.pptx
Seal of Good Local Governance (SGLG) 2024Final.pptx
 
Sociology 101 Demonstration of Learning Exhibit
Sociology 101 Demonstration of Learning ExhibitSociology 101 Demonstration of Learning Exhibit
Sociology 101 Demonstration of Learning Exhibit
 
TỔNG ÔN TẬP THI VÀO LỚP 10 MÔN TIẾNG ANH NĂM HỌC 2023 - 2024 CÓ ĐÁP ÁN (NGỮ Â...
TỔNG ÔN TẬP THI VÀO LỚP 10 MÔN TIẾNG ANH NĂM HỌC 2023 - 2024 CÓ ĐÁP ÁN (NGỮ Â...TỔNG ÔN TẬP THI VÀO LỚP 10 MÔN TIẾNG ANH NĂM HỌC 2023 - 2024 CÓ ĐÁP ÁN (NGỮ Â...
TỔNG ÔN TẬP THI VÀO LỚP 10 MÔN TIẾNG ANH NĂM HỌC 2023 - 2024 CÓ ĐÁP ÁN (NGỮ Â...
 
PROCESS RECORDING FORMAT.docx
PROCESS      RECORDING        FORMAT.docxPROCESS      RECORDING        FORMAT.docx
PROCESS RECORDING FORMAT.docx
 
Explore beautiful and ugly buildings. Mathematics helps us create beautiful d...
Explore beautiful and ugly buildings. Mathematics helps us create beautiful d...Explore beautiful and ugly buildings. Mathematics helps us create beautiful d...
Explore beautiful and ugly buildings. Mathematics helps us create beautiful d...
 
Jual Obat Aborsi Hongkong ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan...
Jual Obat Aborsi Hongkong ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan...Jual Obat Aborsi Hongkong ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan...
Jual Obat Aborsi Hongkong ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan...
 
Asian American Pacific Islander Month DDSD 2024.pptx
Asian American Pacific Islander Month DDSD 2024.pptxAsian American Pacific Islander Month DDSD 2024.pptx
Asian American Pacific Islander Month DDSD 2024.pptx
 
Spellings Wk 3 English CAPS CARES Please Practise
Spellings Wk 3 English CAPS CARES Please PractiseSpellings Wk 3 English CAPS CARES Please Practise
Spellings Wk 3 English CAPS CARES Please Practise
 
This PowerPoint helps students to consider the concept of infinity.
This PowerPoint helps students to consider the concept of infinity.This PowerPoint helps students to consider the concept of infinity.
This PowerPoint helps students to consider the concept of infinity.
 
The basics of sentences session 3pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 3pptx.pptxThe basics of sentences session 3pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 3pptx.pptx
 
UGC NET Paper 1 Mathematical Reasoning & Aptitude.pdf
UGC NET Paper 1 Mathematical Reasoning & Aptitude.pdfUGC NET Paper 1 Mathematical Reasoning & Aptitude.pdf
UGC NET Paper 1 Mathematical Reasoning & Aptitude.pdf
 
Accessible Digital Futures project (20/03/2024)
Accessible Digital Futures project (20/03/2024)Accessible Digital Futures project (20/03/2024)
Accessible Digital Futures project (20/03/2024)
 
General Principles of Intellectual Property: Concepts of Intellectual Proper...
General Principles of Intellectual Property: Concepts of Intellectual  Proper...General Principles of Intellectual Property: Concepts of Intellectual  Proper...
General Principles of Intellectual Property: Concepts of Intellectual Proper...
 
ComPTIA Overview | Comptia Security+ Book SY0-701
ComPTIA Overview | Comptia Security+ Book SY0-701ComPTIA Overview | Comptia Security+ Book SY0-701
ComPTIA Overview | Comptia Security+ Book SY0-701
 
How to Create and Manage Wizard in Odoo 17
How to Create and Manage Wizard in Odoo 17How to Create and Manage Wizard in Odoo 17
How to Create and Manage Wizard in Odoo 17
 
Food safety_Challenges food safety laboratories_.pdf
Food safety_Challenges food safety laboratories_.pdfFood safety_Challenges food safety laboratories_.pdf
Food safety_Challenges food safety laboratories_.pdf
 
Basic Civil Engineering first year Notes- Chapter 4 Building.pptx
Basic Civil Engineering first year Notes- Chapter 4 Building.pptxBasic Civil Engineering first year Notes- Chapter 4 Building.pptx
Basic Civil Engineering first year Notes- Chapter 4 Building.pptx
 

MARKETING

  • 2. MEANING OF MARKET  Marketing is an arrangement to provide an opportunity to exchange goods.  Marketing is sum total of all these activities that are related to flow of goods from production to consumption
  • 3. The term market originates from Latin ‘Marcatus’ which means a place where business is conducted. A Layman has somewhat similar connotations of the word market which brings to his mind the place where the buyers and sellers personally interact and finalise the deals. Evolution of Marketing Production Era 1930 Sales Era 1950 Marketing Era Present
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6. Customer satisfaction is defined as a measurement that determines how happy customers are with a company's products, services, and capabilities. Customer satisfaction information, including surveys and ratings, can help a company determine how to best improve or changes its products and services. A competitive advantage is an advantage over competitors gained by offering consumers greater value, either by means of lower prices or by providing greater benefits and service that justifies higher prices.
  • 7. A corporate image of a company can be defined as an image that people hold in their mind about the company, its products, and its services. The corporate image of a company is the product of a company’s performance, media coverage, and its activities. The corporate image of a company keeps on changing continuous and can be changed by putting the right efforts in the right direction.
  • 8. BusinessExpansion: Different forms of business expansion include opening in another location, adding sales employees, increased marketing, adding franchisees, forming an alliance, offering new products or services, entering new markets, merging with or acquiring another business, expanding globally and expanding through the internet.
  • 9. Economies of Scale: An economy of scale is where the average cost of production falls as production increases. Marketing economies of scale occur when larger firms are able to lower the unit cost of advertising and promotion perhaps through access to more effective marketing media.
  • 10. Efficiency is the fundamental reduction in the amount of wasted resources that are used to produce a given number of goods or services (output). Economic efficiency results from the optimization of resource-use to best serve an economy.
  • 11. Organizational objectives are something which a business wants to achieve or accomplish over a specified period of time. These may be to earn profit for its growth and development, to provide quality goods to its customers, to protect the environment
  • 12. Optimum Utilization of Resources Management utilizes all the physical & human resources productively. This leads to efficacy in management. Management provides maximum utilization of scarce resources by selecting its best possible alternate use in industry from out of various uses.
  • 13. Brand Equity: the commercial value that derives from consumer perception of the brand name of a particular product or service, rather than from the product or service itself. Brand Loyality: the tendency of some consumers to continue buying the same brand of goods rather than competing brands.
  • 14. Brand image is the current view of the customers about a brand. It can be defined as a unique bundle of associations within the minds of target customers. It signifies what the brand presently stands for. It is a set of beliefs held about a specific brand