Material Handling Objectives of Materials Handling Material Handling Principles Storage Equipment Belt Conveyor Store Management Objectives of store Spare Part Management Classification of Spare parts for stocking policy Analysis Codification Objectives of Codification Standardization Advantages of Standardization

1. Prepared by:
Mr. Nishant Agrawal
Material Handling
METAS Adventist College (NEHU)

2. Materials Handling
Materials handling is
the art and science of moving,
packing and storing of
substances in any form.

3. Material Handling
 It is defined as art and science of moving, packaging, and storing of
substances of firms.
A. Creation of time and place utility.
B. Movement and storage of material at lowest possible cost through
use of proper methods and equipments.
C. Lifting, shifting and placing of materials which effect saving in money,
time and place

4. Objectives of Materials Handling
 To Lowers unit materials handling cost
 To reduce manufacturing cycle time
 To provide better control of the flow of materials
 To provide better working conditions
 To provide Contribution for better quality by avoiding damages
to products
 To Increase storage capacity through better utilization of
storage areas.
 To provide higher productivity at lower manufacturing costs

5. Material Handling Principles
 Material should be moved as little as possible
 Reduction in time by using shortest route and mechanical material
handling equipment
 The material movement should be in lots rather than in individual
units
 Design of material handling equipment should be such that it can
increase the effectiveness
 Re handling of materials should be avoided
 Periodically Repairing , Maintain & Checkup of existing material
handling equipments

6. Storage Equipment
 Storage equipment is used for holding or buffering materials over a
period of time.
 The design of each type of storage equipment, along with its use
in warehouse design, represents a trade-off between minimizing
handling costs, by making material easily accessible, and maximizing
the utilization of space
 The use of racks becomes preferable to floor storage as the number of
units per item requiring storage decreases.

7. Conveyors
 Conveyors are used when material is to be moved frequently between
specific points over a fixed path and when there is a sufficient flow
volume to justify the fixed conveyor investment
 Difference between use of conveyors, cranes, and industrial trucks for
transport with respect to their path and area of operation.
 Conveyors are especially useful in applications involving the
transportation of heavy or bulky materials.

8.  Belt Conveyor
Motor driven belt usually made of metal fabric
Powered devices
Used for moving loads from one point to point over fixed
paths.
The belt could be made of rubber , PVC etc

9. Chain Conveyor-Motor driven chain that drags
material along a metal side base.

10. Roller Conveyor- Boxes , large parts or units loads roll on
top of a series of rollers mounted on a rigid frame.

11. Pneumatic Conveyor-
High volume of air flows through a tube carrying materials
along with air flow.
In chemical plant , products are transferred from one
operation to another by mean of flow of high pressure air

12. Cranes – Devices mounted on overheard rail or ground wheels or rails
.They lift, swing and transport large and heavy materials
Cranes are used to transport loads over variable (horizontal and vertical)
paths within a restricted area

13. • Elevators –Types of cranes that lift materials –usually between floors
or buildings
It is a type of vertical transportation that moves people or goods
between floors of a building , other structure.
Elevators are generally powered by electric motors that drive traction
cables

14. Hoists- Move vertically or horizontally in limited area

15. 3. Industrial Trucks - May be electric, diesel, gasoline or gas powered.
Industrial trucks are trucks that are not licensed to travel on public roads.
Industrial trucks are used to move materials over variable paths and when
there is insufficient flow volume such that the use of a conveyor cannot be
justified.

16. Pallet truck- A manual pallet truck is a hand-powered truck. Most
commonly seen in retail and personal warehousing operations.

17. Skid boxes

18. Store Management
 Store management is “ to receive materials, to protect them while in
storage from damage & unauthorized removal, to issue the material in
the right quantities, at the right time to the right place and to provide
these service promptly and at least cost”.

19. Objectives of store
 In the chain of internal customers and suppliers, stores has several
internal customers. As a matter of fact all functions of management
are internal customers to stores.
 Customers as usual expect Quality Cost and Delivery from every
supplier. Stores also have to deliver these customer expectations.
 In the process of discharging this obligation Stores perform some
activities that are functions of Stores.

20. Spare Part Management
 Service parts management is the main component of a
complete Strategic Service Management process that companies use to
ensure that right spare part and resources are at the right place at the
right time.
 Spare parts, are extra parts that are available and in proximity to a
functional item, such as an automobile, boat, engine, for which they
might be used for repair.

21. Continue…
 Spare parts are sometimes considered uneconomical since:
 the parts might not be stored properly, leading to defects
 maintaining inventory of spare parts has associated costs
 parts may not be available when needed from a supplier
 But without the spare part on hand, a company's customer satisfaction
levels could drop if a customer has to wait too long for their item to be
fixed.

22. Classification of Spare parts for stocking
policy Analysis
 Maintenance or breakdown parts
 These are the spare parts which required in large quantities at more or
less frequent period intervals and when breakdown occurs.
 Capital spares
 These spares have relatively higher purchase cost than the
breakdown spares.
 The decision regarding these spares is usually made at the time of
purchase of capital equipment itself.

23.  Rotable Spares
 These are spare parts which after breakdown can be reused.
 Since these have more than one life
 Insurance Spares
 Think of insurance spares as being like the insurance you may buy to cover
your house or car.
 You don’t want to claim on the insurance but you don’t want to be without it.
Insurance spares are the ultimate ‘just in case’ inventory.
 An Insurance Spare is a spare part that you hold in your spare parts
inventory, that you would not expect to use in the normal life of plant and
equipment but if not available when needed would result in significant losses.

24. Codification
 It is one of the functions of stores management.
 A process of representing each item by a number, the digit of which indicates
the group, the sub-group, the type and the dimension of the item.
 Describes an item in short, thus avoiding long statement every time the need
to describe the item arises.

25. Objectives of Codification
 Bringing all items together.
 Enable putting up of any future item in its proper place.
 Classify an item according to its characteristics.
 Give an unique code number to each item to avoid duplication and ambiguity.
 promote standardization and variety reduction.
 Establish a common language for the identification of an item.
 Fix essential parameters for specifying an item.
 Specify item as per national and international standards.

26. Basis of codification
The basis of codification system lies in answer to following questions
 Who will be the user?
 To what use is the codification going to be put?
 What kind/degree of mechanization will be needed to use the
codification system?
 Every organization can arrive at its own system based on its special
needs.

27. Codification by Group
Classification
 Based on ‘shape’ of items
1. Wire
2. Tubing
3. Rod
4. Bar
5. Sheet
6. strip

28. Advantages of Codification
 It enables systematic grouping of similar items and avoids confusion caused by long
description of items
 It helps in avoiding duplication of items and results
 Using of a common language of supply which is understandable to all participants in all
logistics operations
 Descriptions of codified items with features provide precision searching and choosing
components or equipment in the development of item.
 The accounting work of the various items becomes easier. Moreover, by it the possibility of
errors and frauds is minimized which helps in increasing the efficiency of the concern.

29. Characteristic of Coding System
Flexibility: A codification system, should last a long time to derive proper
benefits from it.
 It is not something which we change every quarter or every other year.
 Therefore, the long term requirements of materials for the organization should
be kept in mind while providing the digits or alphabets for the items.
Precision: The codification system should ensure a unique code for reach item.
 A proper dictionary or vocabulary for the decoding should be made while
installing a codification system.
 The number of letters or digits should be the same for all items.

30.  Brevity: The total number of letters or numbers should not be too large so as it lose
its immediate meaning to the user of the material.
 7-10 digits or spaces are adequate for many of the coding systems. However, with a
high degree of computerization one could have more digits.
 Comprehensiveness: While classifying and sub classifying the items for coding
purposes, the nature of the item, its specifications, its end use and the suppliers etc
should all be comprehensively taken into account.
 The basis of classification and sub classification should be understood and be
approved by these user departments.

31. Standardization
 A good system of codification helps in the standardization of items in the
inventory.
 Standardization consists of reducing the variety of items stocked in
the inventory to a workable minimum, by fixing sizes, shapes,
dimensions and other quality characteristics of the item.
 In one of the recent exercises done in an Indian electrical machinery
manufacturing company it was found that by means of conscious
thinking they could standardize their regular items and reduce the
amount of inventory to almost 60%.

32. Continue…
 This reduction is being done in a company dealing with make-to-
order type of business.
 Standardization can help to maximize compatibility, repeatability, or
quality.

33. Advantages of Standardization
 Improve the management and design.
 Speed up the management of orders.
 marketing of products is easy
 Simplify purchasing management.
 Increases efficiency of both machines and men.
 Reduces time of manufacture.
 Reduces manpower requirements.
 Reduces cost of production.

34. Questions
1. Discuss material handling principles.
2. Discuss various material handlings Equipments.
3. Discuss material handling principles and classify material handling
equipments.
4. Explain Principles of material handling and list down material
handling equipments

35. "You may have to fight a
battle more than once to
win it."
Thank You