ICity Rank 2019

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I City Rank Report 2019
ECO-CITY EUROPE
THE NEIGHBORHOOD
AS KEY TO SUSTAINABILITY
Filippo Albertini
Neslihan Karalök
Konstantinos Venis

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BRIEF ANALYSIS OF ANNUAL REPORT 2019
ECO-CITY.
Planning Neighborhoods for
Sustainable Architecture and Urbanism
Politecnico di Milano, DASTU, Spring semester 2019
Prof. Richard Ingersoll banism
Filippo Albertini
Neslihan Karalök
Konstantinos Venis

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The public journals will become socially
what our sense organs are vitally.Every
printing office will become a mere
central station for different bureaus of
statistics just as the ear-drum is a bundle
of acoustic nerves,or as the retina is a
bundle of special nerves each of which
registers its characteristic impression on
the brain.At present Statistics is a kind
of embryonic eye,like that of the lower
animals which see just enough to recog-
nise the approach of foe or prey.
Gabriel Tarde

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Contents
What is the I City Rank
Conclusions
References
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The Six Indexes of the Smart City
Economic Solidity
Sustainable Mobility
Environmental Protection
Social Quality
Governance Capability
Digital Transformation

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BRIED ANALYSIS OF ANNUAL REPORT 2019
I City Rank is the ranking of the Ital-
ian cities, elaborated every year by FPA,
which measures its capacity to adapta-
tion (intelligence) on the way to more
cities dynamic, more functional, more
ecological, more livable, more manage-
able,more
innovative and more capable of promot-
ing sustainable development by react-
ing to changes in act through the use of
new technologies.
The index and ranking of ICR 2019 are
built in starting from 6 indices (and rela-
tiverankings)dedicatedto6dimensions
in which urban quality can be expressed:
• economic solidity
• sustainable mobility
• environmental protection
• social quality
• governing ability
• digital transformation
The 6 indices are, in turn, elaborated
starting from over 100 indicators (using
more than 250 variables) drawn from
qualified sources or from specific in-
vestigations and surveys carried out by
FPA.
What is I City
Rank ?

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I CITY RANK
1.Economic Solidity
It measures the ability of urban centers
to face the productive transformations
of the near future and is based on 21
indicators of economic consistency,
creation of job opportunities,innova-
tion of the entrepreneurial and produc-
tive system
2.Sustainable Mobility
Through 16 indicators relating to public
transport,vehicular traffic,the gover-
nance of mobility and innovative pro-
cesses,it examines the ability of cities
to guarantee their internal mobility in
environmentally sustainable forms.

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SIX INDICATORS
3.Environmental Protection
It assesses the efforts made and the
results achieved in the protection of the
urban environment through 20 indica-
tors concerning soil,air,green,energy,
waste and water management.
4.Social Quality
Using 22 indicators relating to cultur-
al critical issues and social services,
education,tourist flows and cultural
activities,it analyzes the livability of
urban centers.

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I CITY RANK
5.Governance Capacity
It uses 17 indicators to measure the
levels of civil participation,administra-
tive innovation and the conditions of
legality and security.
6.Digital Transformation
Using 10 indicators,it measures the
level reached by cities in the digital
transformation path.

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I City Rank uses more 106 Indicators
and more than 250 variables in order to
degine the ranking . On a territorial lev-
el 69 municipal or sub-provinvial level
indicators while the main sources that
are used are; Istat, Unioncamere-Fond.
Tagliacarne, AGCOM, ARERA, ANCI,
INAIL,ISPRA,SIAE,Bank of Italy,M.E.
F.,Min.Internal,FPA Surveys.
Inthefollowingpageswewillanalyze
these six indicators their translation
and methodology.

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I CITY RANK
1.Economic Solidity
The economic strength of a city, ac-
cording to ICity Rank,translates into:
• economic consistency
• job creation
• innovation of the entrepreneur-
ial and productive system.
After Milan, in this category are Bolo-
gna, Monza, Lecco, Bergamo, Modena,
Parma and Reggio Emilia. These eight
provinces are home to only 13.7% of the
Italian population,but differ in:
• added value per capita
• average income tax income
• entrepreneurship rate
• high knowledge firms
• start-up
• coworking
The research analyzed the economic
strength of 107 provincial capitals based
on 21 indicators of economicconsisten-
cy,creation of job opportunities,innova-
tive system relevant in terms of current
results and future prospects.
Milan is the most economically solid
Italian reality, capable of combining the
traditiona l high levels of income pro-
duction and entrepreneurial consisten-
cy with a strong concentration of inno-
vative experiences.
For example the research reveals a
new production triangle (Lombardy,
Triveneto and Emilia-Romagna) which
widens the distance not only with the
South but also with the rest of the Cen-
ter-North:29ofthe32citiesbelongingto
this area are positioned within the 40th
place , while only eight of the 35 capital
cities of the rest of central and northern
Italy fall into this band .

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2.Sustainable Mobility
The survey on sustainable mobility
focused on 16 indicators within the ar-
eas of development of public transport,
reduction of the impacts of vehicular
traffic, tools to manage mobility and the
diffusion of innovative methods. Milan
also leads this ranking, thanks to its vast
public transport network and the diffu-
sion of innovative carpooling services
(first with 24.3 cars per 10,000 inhabi-
tants).
Theweakpointisthemodestincidence
ofpedestrianareas,whichremainslimit-
ed to 46.3 m2 per 100 inhabitants.
The intermediate or small centers,
however, that have brought forward
socially courageous pathways for gov-
erning mobility or technologically inno-
vative in its management. Even in this
dimension, the gap with the South re-
mains evident: the first city in the South
is only in 26th place (Cagliari), 37th in
second(Bari)and54thinthird(Teramo).
The dense network of public transport
in Milan, combined with an ever more
widespread diffusion of car-sharing and
bikesharing tools, which in recent years
have experienced great success, are the
basis of the first place gained by Milan
also in the ranking relating to mobility
sustainable.
Getting around in Milan is easy. Met-
ro, tram, bus, vehicle sharing. Having
the possibility to use public transport,
or through a simple app, to book a car or
a bicycle, considerably reduces the use
of private vehicles. The functionality of
the pedestrian areas remains to be im-
proved, stopping at 43.6 m2 per 100 in-
habitants.
The IT MOB indicator is elaborated
each year by FPA by collecting data on
the mode of operation of traffic light
systems, on the presence of infomobil-
ity systems to support public transport
and private mobility, on the Internet
services for traffic that can be used by
citizens

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I CITY RANK
3.Environmental Protection
In terms of environmental protection,
Trento is leading the ICity Rank 2019
ranking as the ‘smartest’ city, in particu-
lar for the attention paid to wastewater
treatment and the quality of the water
service.
Taken into consideration by FBA to
determine its performance,namely:
• soil conditions
• air quality
• presence of greenery
• use of energy
• waste treatment
• quality of the water
Unlike other dimensions, environ-
mental protection is less conditioned
by the demographic dimension and by
thegeographiclocationofthecities and
sees in the first place in each of its indi-
cators many different cities,which often
are not part of the Top Ten, testifying to
the fact that excellence in a single aspect
does not necessarily go hand in hand
with a good overall performance.service
The ICITY Rank Envıronmental Pro-
tection index assesses the commitment
and the results achieved in the protec-
tion of the urban environment through
20 indicators concerning soil, air, green,
energy, waste and water management.
For its balanced overall management of
the environment.

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4. Social Quality
The analysis of social quality took into
account aspects related to poverty, edu-
cation, human capital, social inclusion,
artistic and cultural value.
The three cities at the top of the social
quality rankingwere awarded for:
• high incidence of employment
• cultural entrepreneurship
• high university offer
• diffusion of continuous training
The ranking dedicated to social quality
a dimension that includes the areas of
poverty and social exclusion,education
and human capital,artistic and cultural
attractiveness - thanks to the high inci-
dence of employment and cultural en-
trepreneurship, of the population with
tertiary education and the high universi-
ty offer and the diffusion of continuous
training.
The situation is different in the South,
where only Cagliari and Bari excel
among the metropolitan cities, which
combine good performance in educa-
tion and cultural production / offer with
limited values of social problems that
allow them to exceleven in the presence
of an attraction. tourist not particularly
high
TheSocıalQualityindexmakesuseof
22indicatorsrelatingtoculturalcritical
issues and social services, education,
tourist flows and cultural activities,liv-
ability of urban centers.

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I CITY RANK
5.Governance Capacity
In the report of 2019 the cities of Emil-
ia-Romagna occupy six of the top ten
positions in the governance capacity di-
mension, which encompasses the areas
of governance and participation and
legality and security.
Bologna leads the ranking thanks to
the excellent scores obtained in civil
participation, social cohesion, legality
and safety, introduction of innovative
administrative tools.
Bologna ranks first,thanks to the good
performance in the indicators of civil
participation / social cohesion, to dis-
crete values in the legality and safety
indices and above all to the high results
in the use of the new administrative in-
novation tools.
The research analyzed the economic
strength of 107 provincial capitals based
on 21 indicators of economicconsisten-
cy,creation of job opportunities,innova-
tive system relevant in terms of current
results and future prospects.
Milan is the most economically solid
Italian reality, capable of combining the
traditiona l high levels of income pro-
duction and entrepreneurial consisten-
cy with a strong concentration of inno-
vative experiences.
For example the research reveals a
new production triangle (Lombardy,
Triveneto and Emilia-Romagna) which
widens the distance not only with the
South but also with the rest of the Cen-
ter-North:29ofthe32citiesbelongingto
this area are positioned within the 40th
place , while only eight of the 35 capital
cities of the rest of central and northern
Italy fall into this band .

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6. Digital Transformation
Deserving to be able to exploit the new
resources deriving from the world of
technology, Florence is being on the top
of the rank, digitized: municipal apps,
digital openness, public wi-fi, digital
transparency,online services,social PA
As proof of the fact that, even in a city
like Florence, the cradle of the Italian
Renaissance and rich in history, art and
tradition, the future can find its place.
Florence is the city most capable of fully
exploiting the potential offered by digi-
tal,followed by Bologna and Milan.
The Tuscan capital obtains the maxi-
mum score in four indicators (munici-
pal apps, digital openness, public wi-fi
and digital transparency) and excellent
performances in four others (broad-
band access, IoT and network technol-
ogies, availability of online services,
social PA),demonstrating an overall ap-
proachthatinvolvesnotonlythemunic-
ipal administration but all the subjects
operating in the urban context.
The digital transformation index of
Italian cities is built with the aim of
measuring the capacity of municipal
administrations to fully exploit the po-
tential offered by new technologies and
large national projects. ForumPA took
10 indicators into consideration. In par-
ticular, the following were taken into
account:
• ability to make the best use of in-
tangible infrastructures and en-
abling platforms, implemented
centrally within the framework of
the Triennial Plan for Information
Technology in the Public Admin-
istration to develop simple and
citizen-oriented digital services;

• ability to respond to the needs of
technological infrastructure of
the territories,a precondition nec-
essary for overcoming the digital
divide and promoting digital cul-
ture among local communities;

• ability to use innovative solu-
tions to offer high levels of trans-
parency and enable new forms of
communication and listening to
one’s reference user.

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I CITY RANK
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0.Methodology
I CITY RANK
Conclusions
Therefore, it is important to notice how
ICR has always been a constantly
evolving learning index, both thanks to
the progressive improvement of the
assessment and from the constant
comparison with administrations,
operators and scholars.
The ICR 2019 general ranking is built
using the geometric average methodo-
logy, which is a method that rewards the
most balanced distribution and it’s
aimed to evaluate a city performance in
the overall. In this way, the dominance
in one of the ranking aspects doesn’t
guarantee for a city a high score, if it’s
not properly integrated and balanced
within its system.
In the specific, this choice is part of a
process of optimization of the asses-
sment:
The reduction in the number of "compo-
nent" indices has the primary purpose of
bringing the ICR model closer to the
characteristics of the most popular
international rankings, making it even
easier to understand and use.
At the same time, through the use of
more consistent sector indices in terms
of the number of indicators used (from a
minimum of ten in the case of the
"digital transformation" to a maximum
of twenty-two for the "social quality"),
the impact is reduced which may derive
from the presence of exceptional or
anomalous values in the individual
indicators and in their variations, giving
even greater solidity to the elaborations
and subsequent interpretations.

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1.Economic Solidity 2.Sustainable Mobility
If the big cities conquer the top thanks
to the consistency of public transport
and market driven innovations,
however, they are intermediate centers
or small ones to be reported for having
carried forward socially brave paths in
the government of mobility (from the
ZTL to the cycle paths) or
technologically innovative in its
management (IT MOB and adoption of
less polluting supplies in LPG). This
outcome show how the how important
are intermediate centres in the
experimantation of the most innovative
solutions.
However the speed of reaction to
change presents a risk to create new
gaps between the different areas of the
country.
Our analysis tells us that the ability to
adapt intelligently to economic changes
is being distributed in Italy in a highly
unequal way, creating the conditions for
the expansion of ancient fractures and
the creation of new ones. It will be
primarily in the urban centers that the
results of this scenario will be defined.

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I CITY RANK
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I CITY RANK
3.Environmental Protection 4.Social Quality
The ability to contain social problems
(with the exception of housing
problems) and the discrete levels of
social services (with the exception of
assistance to the elderly) are crucial for
the conquest of the first positions.
Those cities don’t lack of social
problems but perhaps they are the ones
in which there’s a search for a balance
between dynamism and equity .
It is clear how the scale factor
(demographic and economic)
contributes into determining an
advantage in terms of the offer of
services and activities that can
compensate for any manifestation of
accentuated imbalances.
Finally, it is important to consider that
the prolonged economic stagnation of
the country and the intensification of
migration flows have made the context
in which to operate more complex.
However, also on this front, innovative
methods of intervention tended to
emerge, characterized by greater
interchange and integration between
institutional and social actors.
Intermediate cities are a privileged field
for pursuing these new strategies.
The case of the primacy of Trento shows
that the high rank does not derive so
much from individual excellences but
from an overall framework in which,
above all, real critical issues are avoided.
However, the survey shows also how
the complex and articulated the political
dimention of environmental protection
is, because of the very different political
configurations active in the regions.
This is partly due to the structural
differences of the territories and partly
to the different priorities of public
policies.
Therefore it is clear that the
environmental protection of an urban
system is an objective that requires a
transversal and continuous approach.
Moreover, it requires a protection
strategy to touch all aspects that affect
ecosystem resources.
In the specific, the second digital
revolution puts a variety of new tools at
the disposal of city governments (now
only used in part) to monitor the
environmental conditions and the
functioning of the functional networks
(water, energy, waste) and guide their
choices towards protection.

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5.Governance Capability 6.Digital Transformation
The digital transformation index is one
of those that has the widest range of
variation. Even within urban centers, it
ends being a potential digital territorial
divide that overlaps between areas of
greater and lesser density.
But, while the global picture of digitali-
zation is fragmented, it is also true that
the results achieved by the Italian
municipalities are conditioned but do
not mechanically reproduce the
macro-divisions by levels of develop-
ment (or economic solidity) of the
Italian regions.
However, it is made clear how the TOP
10 cities of economic strength also
appear in that of digital transformation,
which seems to indicate the existence of
a certain correlation between the
innovation dynamics of the production
system and institutions.
Of course the ability to quickly acquire
huge amounts of data, the possibility of
using them to obtain informations and
to monitor contextual conditions will
be the basis of future assessments and
choices, pushing the smart cities model
towards the even more advanced model
of responsive cities. But the ICR reveals
the present limit this vision until it
won’t be implemented in a sistematic
way.
The large metropolitan concentrations
are obviously complicated to govern.
The dimensions tend to weigh
negatively on the aspects related to
crime and security and do not favor high
levels of civic participation.
Moreover, the greater availability of
economic and professional resources is
not sufficient to ensure a primacy trend
in the adoption of innovative practices
as is the case in other areas.
The assessment makes clear how
Institutions will also have to change
their way of acting more and more as
"responsive cities", that is, as cities
capable of promptly making the best
decisions to carry out institutional,
cultural and organizational innovation
processes to improve the quality of life,
the levels of employment. , the
competitiveness of current and future
generations and ensuring their
economic, social and environmental
sustainability.

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I CITY RANK
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I CITY RANK
Final Considerations
However, the result of this scenario is
clear: If the delay of the South is
certainly not new, itis also clear the gap
that seems to have been created
between the east and west of the
Centronord. It is not an overall
comforting result: when urban
hierarchies reflect larger-scale
macro-territorial hierarchies, they tend
to settle down and it becomes more
difficult for individual cities to follow
autonomous innovative paths to
overcome them.
THE ROLE OF METROPOLIS:
In a phase of accelerated changes, size
matters, they are useful for having
resources (economic and professional)
available to try to adapt quickly. Italian
metropolitan cities (with some
exceptions) are not doing well, they are
crossed by substantial economic,
functional, environmental and social
critical issues. However, most of them
began to react by focusing on the
dissemination of innovation and
sustainability.
THE INTERMEDIATE POLES:
Although they do not have the
resources of the metropolises, these
cities have demonstrated their ability to
be high-level innovation poles,
introducing and experimenting with
some of the most advanced solutions in
In all three areas that have undergone
radical changes in the last thirty years,
further continuity solutions seem
destined to emerge in the next decade,
destined to change the rules of the game
again: the trade war between the United
States and China will modify the
characteristics of economic-financial
globalization, the demographic
dynamics within traditionally
developed countries will modify the
characteristics of migratory phenomena
and, in the end, the second digital
revolution will profoundly modify the
characteristics of technological change.
To these must be added the progress of
pollution which imposes new and more
determined environmental
sustainability policies.
All these phase changes will be able to
invest, to a greater or lesser extent and
with shorter or shorter timescales, the
internal configuration and relational
positioning of urban centers, in Italy
and everywhere else.
Overall, our country has not dealt with
the transformations of the last thirty
years in the best way. Togheter with the
decline of Europe, Italian cities have
suffered though in many cases they
have shown (as anywhere else)
autonomous resilience and reaction
skills.

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For this reason, it is clear how it is
equally essential that clear and general
guidelines are formulated,
homogeneous rules and places of
exchange established, also by applying
the virtuous model of interaction
between local administrations and
specialized national agencies.
Perhaps it is also worth taking a step
further and starting to think about the
definition of a medium-long term
"Strategic Plan" dedicated to the second
digital revolution, centered precisely on
the development of its applications to
intermediate urban centers. and their
territories.
urban management. This allowed him
to keep up with the leading cities,
contributing to keeping open the
prospect of a polycentric con guration
that has historically characterized
Italian development.
NEW PERSPECTIVES
The ICR description always concerns
the same phenomenon, that is, the
ability of cities to react intelligently to
change. It is therefore interesting to
note that the cities that have advanced
to a greater extent are, in some ways,
more territorially articulated than the
ranking is.
The transition from a tendentially
monocentric to a polycentric
configuration, which the ICR 2019
results highlight, must be assessed in
the perspective of the change that urban
realities will have to face in the next
decade.
As noted before, Cities that will be able
to implement more advanced and
complete technological systems for the
detection and analysis of the big data
that they themselves produce will be
more responsive and efficient in terms
of adaptation to the upcominc social,
economocal and environmental change.

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References
1. FPA, DIGITAL 360, “I City Rank -
rapporto annuale 2019”, ForumPA città
- smart city e sostenibilità urbana,
26- 27 November 2019,
https://d110erj175o600.cloudfront.net/
wp-content/uploads/2019/11/I-City-Ra
nk-2019.pdf
2. CUOGHI DALILA - REDAZIONE
INGENIO, “Le prime 10 Smart City di
Italia secondo ICity Rank 2019”,
15th January 2020 ,
https://www.ingenio-web.it/25527-le-p
rime-10-smart-city-di-italia-secondo-icit
y-rank-2019
3. FORUMPA, “ICity Rank 2019:
Milano, Firenze e Bologna sono le città
più smart d’Italia”,
26th November 2019,
https://www.forumpa.it/citta-territori/i
city-rank-2019-milano-firenze-e-bologn
a-sono-le-citta-piu-smart-ditalia/
4. RITA MAGGI, “ICity Rank 2019, ecco
le città più smart d’Italia”,
13th December 2019,
https://www.teknoring.com/news/sma
rt-pa/icity-rank-2019-smart-italia/

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