This presentation includes general understanding of Team, Group, Effective team, difference between team and group, Networks, Dynamics, Process of team building and Guidelines for effective team building.
2. Meaning
• People come together as a team to achieve a
common goal.
• The combination of experienced, talented and
capable personnel from different department
forms a cross sectional team.
• four common team types - which are:
Functional, Cross-Functional, Virtual, and Self-
directed.
3. • A cross-functional team is a group of people
with different functional expertise working
toward a common goal. It may include people
from finance, marketing, operations, and
human resources departments. Typically, it
includes employees from all levels of an
organization.
4.
5. • As defined by Professor Leigh Thompson of the Kellogg
School of Management, "a team is a group of people
who are interdependent with respect to information,
resources, knowledge and skills and who seek to
combine their efforts to achieve a common goal".
• A group does not necessarily constitute a team. Teams
normally have members with complementary skills and
generate synergy through a coordinated effort which
allows each member to maximize their strengths and
minimize their weaknesses
6. Definition of a Team
“A team is a small number of people with
complementary skills who are committed to a
common purpose, performance goals and
approach for which they hold themselves
mutually accountable.”
- J.R. Katzenbach & D.R. Smith
7. Characteristics
1. A small group of people
2. Complementary Skills
3. Commitment to common purpose, goal and
approach
4. Mutually Accountable
5. Voluntary Co-operation and support
6. Keep each other informed about the
performance
7. Team creates synergy
8. Difference between Group and Team
Sr.
No.
Point of
Difference
Group Team
1 Accountability Individual Individual & mutual
2 Leadership Objective oriented strong
leadership is essential
Collective leadership
3 Performance Sum total of individual
performance
Performance results into
synergy
4 Meeting Efficient handling of the
meeting is essential.
Open group discussion
brain storming resulting
into solution of the
problem
5 Skills Common skills of group
members mostly
Skills of team members
are complementary to
each other
9. Sr.
No.
Point of
Difference
Group Team
6 Attitude
towards task
accomplish-
ment
May be positive, neutral
or negative
Always positive
7 Working
method
Group discussion decision
and assignment for
implementation
Open and free
discussion, collective
decision and
implementation and feed
back.
10. Networks: Internal and External
• For effective or result oriented team, it is
necessary to set up net works within and
outside the organization.
• Mainly two type of networks are there in
company:
– Internal Networks
– External Networks
11. Internal Networks
• Mostly seen in traditional type of hierarchical
organization.
1. Cross functional team for co-ordination
2. Team for a new project
3. Customer focused teams
12. External Networks
• Formal external networks are important in order
to increase the effectiveness in business.
• Generally external networks are established with
suppliers, customers, bankers, local government
bodies, competitors, etc.
• Benefits
– Constant contact even at remote places
– Cheaper resources
– Strategic alliance
13. Dynamics of a Team
1. Internal Dynamics
2. External Dynamics
14. Internal Dynamics
• Internal team dynamics means how the team
members act and react what roles they are
playing, how do they communicate with each
other and how the main goal is achieved.
• It includes the different aspects of working in the
team
– Lifecycle of a team
– Perception of diversified roles and their importance
– Pattern of communication between team members
– Task and maintenance management
15. • Life cycle of a team
• By Tuckman the life cycle of team divided into
the following stages:
– Forming-Birth
– Storming-Childhood
– Norming-Youth
– Performing-Maturity
– Adjournment-Dissolution of the team
16. • Importance of Diversified Roles
• Skills would not be beneficial if one (member of the team)
does not able to perform diversified role. It’s motivate
them for goal achievement.
• Role of chairman-direction & co-ordination
• Role of architect – give shape to team performance
• Role of idea appraiser
• Role of resolving conflicts or deadlocks
• Role of expressing new ideas
• Role of connecting link with organization
• Role of administrator
• Role of leader insisting on completion of the task in time.
17. • Pattern of communication between members
• A good pattern of communication between
team members creates good understanding
and healthy relations between members and
leads to team spirit and co-operation.
• Pattern no. 1: No freedom for free exchange
of ideas & opinions between members. All
information are given through team leader.
Resultantly decisions are likely to be delayed.
18. • Pattern no. 2: some selected members are
allowed to exchange their ideas freely while some
are restricted to get informed through team
leader only. Unbalanced communication inhibits
team spirit.
• Pattern no. 3: any member of the team is free to
contact with the any other member of the team.
And this free & balanced communication leads to
mutual trust and team spirit building.
19. • Task and Maintenance Management
• Activities of the team is divided into 2 types-
• A) Task Activities: goal achievement activities, for e.g.
new product development activities, key customers
services activities etc.
• B) Maintenance Activities: activities to maintain the
team in healthy condition, for e.g. designing proper
communication network, manage action reaction
among members, removal of conflicts, motivate the
members for goal achievement, promote harmony
between technical and non-technical members.
20. External Dynamics
• It includes the different aspects of working in
the team:
– Goal setting
– Interface Management
– Performance Management
– Management of perceptions
21. • Goal setting
• Every team has its own goal to achieve and proper care must be
taken at the time of goal setting, otherwise team would prove
inefficient in goal achievement. Problems like:
• No Co-operation from the rest of the organization.
• When the team is in need of help and it is not available.
• Mindset is like “Team is temporary”, and thus showing loyalty to
department.
• Cross functional team focusses on customer, which is not liked by
traditional people of organizational.
• Department thinks that team is interfering.
• Goal setting process must involve key executive and employees to
be affected (by team work).
22. • Interface Management
• It is management of relations. For this support structure is
required. Some companies form the support structure with
team.
• Interface management is a
– process to assist in controlling the activities under task when
efforts are divided among parties (e.g. main executive, key
stake holders, experts, etc.)
– and/or to define and maintain compliance among the task that
should interoperate.
• Main Executive
• Key Stake Holders
• Experts
23. • Performance Measurement
• Old techniques-budgetary and accounting
• New techniques- market share, capturing of
new markets, customer satisfaction and
delight and also long term interest of the
business
• Rewards can be in the form of appreciation,
financial rewards, delegation of more
authority etc.
24. • Management of perceptions
• Success of team depends on its perception towards the
organization.
• Opinion depends on the perception and the goal.
• No superiority complex must exist within team
• No feeling of problem solvers or change agent, because it
ultimately leads to end of the very purpose of the team
goal.
• Organization may look at the team from 3 views:
– Rational (their thoughts)
– Political (different departments)
– Emotional (professional approach & their participation from
emotional angle)
25. The Process of Team Building
1. Identifying the problem
2. Collection of related information
3. Feed back of information to the team
4. Solution of the problem-operational plan
formulation
5. Implementation of the plan and follow up
26. Guiding Principles for Effective Team
Building
• Clarify the objectives
• Team size should small
• Diversification & complementary skills and roles
• Use internal & external networks
• Communication must be effective
• Encourage the team members & make them
committed to goals & performance.
• True understanding of the team & its links with
rest of the organization.
27. • Take the executives & employees into confidence.
• Get the co-operation of different dept. for the
working of the team.
• If the job is highly technical ensure availability of
services of experts in time.
• Make appraisal of team performance and reward
the team.
• Team should be accepted as an important part of
organization.
