In this Presentation, we look into blockchain applications in the gaming Industry, value added it provides and obstacles and hurdles in its deployment.

1. Blockchain in Gaming
Mohammadamir Mohtashami
CBDO at BlockZenith
August 2019

2. Dapps Listing Websites
• DAppRadar
• DAppReview
• OnBlock
• DApp.com
• DAppTotal
• DAppBird
• DAppX
• Stateofthedapps

3. Online Gaming Market
• world spend around $138 billion on gaming in 2018
• global audience of more than 380 million users.
• viewership is approximately 85% male and 15% female
• a majority of players between the ages of 18 and 34

4. Value added:
• providing a decentralized asset exchange – Tokenization – Interoperability intra and between Games
creating native in-game tokens and driving seamless transactions on decentralized exchanges / Exchanging such in-game items has become a lucrative industry —
estimated to be worth $50 billion
• verifiable scarcity of virtual objects and collectibles – Tokenomics of assets - Immutability
gaming assets are almost as important and valuable as tangible assets, so the blockchain offers discernible proof of provenance of specific virtual items / receiving
authentic items
• fast and secure payment networks / eSports
• ability for developers to monetize their creations properly /providing direct creator-to-consumer opportunity, blockchains enable game developers to build and
distribute their products without the need for expensive intermediaries / control over the digital rights management process / monetize games through unique in-game
tokens or assets / automated payments in cryptocurrencies by leveraging smart contracts
• Non-Fungibility of in-item games
• Unstoppable Games: in web2, old versions shut down but new versions came and developers are pushing that. This kind of problem can be prevented in Blockchain
games as the community can fork of the games and versions of the game.
• Transparency and Incentives: Blockchains are open and verifiable, this really helps in betting games as a player don’t want to trust anyone. Also, game rules and
incentive mechanism can verifiable by anyone. This reduces chances for scams.

5. Type of Games
• Multiplayer online battle arena (MOBA) or action real-time strategy (ARTS) like Warcraft III: Reign of Chaos
• first-person shooter (FPS) like Counter-Strike
• Fighting like Tekken, Mortal Kombat
• Role Playing Game (RPG)
• battle royale games / last-man-standing competition in a shrinking play zone like Minecraft
• real-time strategy (RTS) in contrast to turn-based strategy (TBS) for example city-building games, construction and management simulations
• digital collectible card games (DCCG) or Trading Card Games (TCG) like Hearthstone on blockchain; non-fungible assets - breeding digital cats/ ERC-721 and ERC-1155:
The games are managed on servers to maintain the player's library and any purchases of booster packs and additional cards through either in-game or real-world money.
• digital casinos with games of chance benefiting from a lack of centralized control.
• Massively multiplayer online game (MMO/MMOG) / character’s avatars become extensions of themselves and demand fairness and inclusivity.
• Multiverses /advantages of decentralization and asset provenance start to become key when one starts expanding the gaming sector into world creation where no one actor
can shape the rules.
• Incremental games, idle games
• SIM / SLG Games like Sims
• Sport Management Games like Football manager

6. Gaming Platforms
• Xaya
• Enjin
• Loom - DPoS
• IOST – Proof of Believability
• POA Network - Proof of Authority – Ethereum SideChain
• WaykiChain - DPoS – Chinese Platform
• hybrid solutions like Gods Unchained

7. Current Game Deployment
Platform No of Dapps
ETH 413
EOS 51
TRON 42
ONTHOLOGY 27
IOST 8
LOOM 4

8. Non-Fungibility
• Fungibility is a desired aspect of any currency that aims to be a store of value,
medium of exchange, or unit of account.
• An NFT is essentially a unique representation of an asset or good in the form of a
virtual token. They are unique and cannot be replaced by another item.
• the primary standard which enables their creation and exchange is the ERC-721
standard.
• Enjin platform proposed a new token standard, the ERC-1155 standard. ERC-1155
allows for a token contract to contain both fungible and non-fungible tokens. It
enables the ability to implement multiple different NFTs into the same transaction.

9. Use Cases of NFTs
• verifiable scarcity of a certain asset
• CryptoKitties /collectible digital cards /unique collectibles
• The WAX platform allows users to trade NFTs in a decentralized marketplace and create their own virtual stores.
Exchanging physical goods through WAX marketplace that are directly tied to a
• non-fungible token.
• Decentraland, the virtual 3D platform built on Ethereum, allows users to purchase unique plots of land and build whatever
they want on them, from dapps to unique digital structures.
• trading of game “skins” such as customized weapons or armor in first person shooter games like Counter-Strike.

10. Major Obstacles and Solutions
• Scalability - inhibiting the sustainability and actual usefulness – Solution : Implement on a
more scalable network like Loom or IOST
• lack of users for blockchain games and decentralized asset exchanges – Solution: Implement
on a network with more user base: like Ethereum or EOS or Enjin
• Gas costs on Ethereum can be prohibitively high during times of network congestion
• Slow network speed
• Lack of talent and developer activity: needs professionals who understand both gaming and
blockchain.
• Many games are simple iterations of popular mobile games/collectible-focused games

11. Scalability Issue – Network Congestion
• In November 2017,
Cryptokitties caused the
Ethereum network
congestion. It went viralWith
more than 14k users and
around 5k ether in a day, it
created some problems for
Ethereum developers.
• Ethereum has around 15
tx/sec limit currently. This is
a significant limitation for a
multiplayer game.

12. PROSPECTORS # 1
• MMO in Gold Mining
• EOS
• Real Time Economic Strategy with fully user-generated economy.
• Prices for in-game goods and services are determined based on supply and
demand
• Users 7d 4.4k
• Transactions 7d 437.2k

13. My Crypto Heroes # 2
• multiplayer RPG
• ETH
• Leveling up historical heroes through quests and join the player vs. player battles to
conquer the MCH world.
• ERC 721 token
• Users 7d 3.5k
• Transactions 7d 19.7k
• Volume 7d 60.35 ETH

14. EOS Knights # 3
EOS Dynasty # 4
• RPG and PvP game
• Mobile Idle Game
• Players enhance their heroes through collecting materials, forging equipments and domestication
mounts.
• EOS
• Users 7d 3.3k /2.3k
• Transactions 7d 305k / 467.9k
• Volume 7d 475.68 / 3.275k EOS
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=58cA3eLa0ck

15. HyperDragons Go #5
• Idle RPG game - Grow, breed, buy and sell your dragons – Basically Crypto
Kitties for dragons with more features
• ONTOLOGY
• Users 7d 2.8k
• Transactions 7d 32.4k
• Volume 7d 43.218k ONT
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NBRTcDhemWA

16. Super Player #6
• MMO game on ETH
• "asset characteristics", "rich game content", "healthy economic system"
• ERC 721 token
• Users 7d 1.1k
• Transactions 7d 9k
• Volume 7d 26.13 ETH

17. HyperSnakes on ETH #7
on ONTOLOGY #8
• real-time global multiplayer Snake game with Battle Royale gameplay
• ERC 721 token
• Users 7d 1.8k / 649
• Transactions 7d 6.1k / 26k
• Volume 7d 224.58 ETH / 199.833k
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X6knu508k_8

18. Crypto Sword & Magic #9
• Turn-based 2D role playing game
• EOS
• Asset Ownership
• NFT token
• Users 7d 1k
• Transactions 7d 77.8k
• Volume 7d 2.124k EOS
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=66&v=gTVGrK0wTgs

19. XPET #10
• character-based storage strategy game
• consists of 1 million cute pets, each pet is unique from the shape to the gene
• Players can upgrade the pet level by completing tasks such as copying, and enhance the pet's combat power by strengthening the equipment
• Players can strengthen the territory defense by upgrading the building in the game, strengthen their military strength, and freely trade in the
trading market. Pets, props and territories
• EOS
• Asset Ownership
• NFT token
• Users 7d 607
• Transactions 7d 37.3k
• Volume 7d 20.2 EOS

20. Blockchain Cuties #11
• Collectable game with adventures to play with puppies, dragons, bear cubs, cats and others
• Ethereum / EOS / TRON
• Asset Ownership
• ERC 721
• Users 7d 607
• Transactions 7d 8.1k
• Volume 7d 19.14 ETH
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G8uo2ATGQ3E

21. CryptoKitties like Games
• EtherRockets — A decentralized game with collectible rockets, competitions
and a user marketplace
• CryptoPets — A blockchain-based game to collect, trade, and train digital
creatures across virtual worlds. (Think Pokemon meets Ctyptokitties)
• Crypto Zombies — An interactive education-based games that teaches you
to write smart contracts in Solidity by building your own crypto-collectables.
• Etheremon — Collect, train, battle cute Monsters.

22. Tokenomics
• Using tokens to design incentives or create new assets give immense power
to the blockchain games.
• Token Supply becomes an issue – emission / demission – issuance / burning
of tokens / in-game assets
• Monetary Policy Laws Apply
• Governance / Who is the Game’s FED and what is the mechanism of
tokenomic policy?

23. Takeaways
• The most important value added of blockchain here is Asset preservation/
in-game achievement governance and immutability and also tokenization:
The fact that players and also developers can make money and keep it –
Tokenomics becomes as important issue. Transparency is also good.
• NFT token-based games are the most popular
• The market is as immature as it gets
• Developers do not know how to implement blockchain in their solutions

24. What Next?
• Develop a simple digital collectible card game (DCCG)
Technical: What platform? Scalability / Gas Fee / User Base
Business: What Game? Which demographic? Tokenomics?
• Develop a blockchain Gaming platform for Iranian developers like Xaya or
Enjin