5. DSBSC-AM
• DSBSC – Double Side Band Suppressed Carrier
• Carrier signal is suppressed
• Modulated wave contains only upper and lower sidebands
• Transmitted power is saved
• Bandwidth is same as DSBFC-AM (2fm)
7. Time domain representation of DSBSC-AM wave
• Let the modulating signal is mathematically expressed as
Vm (t) Em cos(mt m) (1)
8. Time domain representation of DSBSC-AM wave
• Let the modulating signal is mathematically expressed as
Vm (t) Em cos(mt m) (1)
• Let the carrier signal is mathematically expressed as
Vc (t) Ec cos(ct c) (2)
9. Time domain representation of DSBSC-AM wave
• The instantaneous amplitude of the modulated
mathematically expressed as
VDSBSC (t) Vm (t)Vc (t) (3)
wave is
10. Time domain representation of DSBSC-AM wave
• The instantaneous amplitude of the modulated
mathematically expressed as
VDSBSC (t) Vm (t)Vc (t) (3)
wave is
VDSBSC (t) Em cosmt Ec cosct (4)
11. Time domain representation of DSBSC-AM wave
• The instantaneous amplitude of the modulated
mathematically expressed as
VDSBSC (t) Vm (t)Vc (t) (3)
wave is
VDSBSC (t) Em cosmt Ec cosct (4)
[cos(
2
V (t)
E E
c m c m
)t cos( )t] (5)
m c
DSBSC
12. Time domain representation of DSBSC-AM wave
• The instantaneous amplitude of the modulated
mathematically expressed as
VDSBSC (t) Vm (t)Vc (t) (3)
wave is
VDSBSC (t) Em cosmt Ec cosct (4)
[cos(
2
V (t)
E E
c m c m
)t cos( )t] (5)
m c
DSBSC
2
cos2
2
E cos2
V (t)
mE
m
c
mEc
cos 2 (f f )t (6)
c m
(f f )t
c
c
c f t
AM
17. DSBSC-AM power distribution
• The total power in AM-DSBFC envelope is expressed as
PUSB PLSB
Pt Pc (1)
m2
Pt Pc
2
Pc (2)
(3)
2
m2
P P 1
t c
18. DSBSC-AM power distribution
• The total power in AM-DSBFC envelope is expressed as
• The total power in AM-DSBSC envelope is expressed as
PUSB PLSB
Pt Pc (1)
m2
Pt Pc
2
Pc (2)
(3)
2
m2
P P 1
t c
(4)
Pt PUSBPLSB
2
m2
c
P (`5)
t
P
19. Power saving in DSBSC-AM
• Power saving in DSBSC wave is
Pt
SavDSBSC
t
P
Pt
(1)
P
20. Power saving in DSBSC-AM
• Power saving in DSBSC wave is
Pt
SavDSBSC
t
P
Pt
(1)
P
(1)
2 m2
2
PSavDSBSC
21. Power saving in DSBSC-AM
• Power saving in DSBSC wave is
• If modulation index is equal to 1, the total power saving in DSBSC-
AM wave is 66.7%
Pt
SavDSBSC
t
P
Pt
(1)
P
(1)
2 m2
2
PSavDSBSC
24. Balanced Modulator (BM)
• Two nonlinear devices are connected in balanced mode
• Two transistors are identical and the circuit is symmetrical
• Voltage across the windings of centre tap transformer is equal and
opposite in phase (Vm-Vm)
25. Balanced Modulator (BM)
• The modulating signal is fed in push-pull and the carrier voltage is fed
in parallel to a pair of identical transistors.
• The carrier voltage is thus applied to the two transistors in phase,
whereas the modulating voltages appear 180o
out of phase.
27. Balanced modulator
• The input voltage to the transistor T1 is expressed as
Vbc Vc (t) Vm (t) (1)
Vbc Vc cosct Vm cosmt (2)
• The input voltage to the transistor T2 is expressed as
28. Balanced modulator
• The input voltage to the transistor T1 is expressed as
Vbc Vc (t) Vm (t) (1)
Vbc Vc cosct Vm cosmt (2)
• The input voltage to the transistor T2 is expressed as
VbcVc (t) Vm(t) (3)
VbcVc cosct Vm cosmt (4)
• Using nonlinearity property, the collector current can be expressed
as
29. Balanced modulator
1 bc bc
i aV bV 2
(5)
• The input voltage to the transistor T1 is expressed as
Vbc Vc (t) Vm (t) (1)
Vbc Vc cosct Vm cosmt (2)
• The input voltage to the transistor T2 is expressed as
VbcVc (t) Vm(t) (3)
VbcVc cosct Vm cosmt (4)
• Using nonlinearity property, the collector current can be expressed
as
i aV bV2
(6)
1 bc bc
30. Balanced modulator
• Sub Eq.(2) and Eq.(4) in Eq.(5) an Eq.(6), we get
i a[V cos t V cos t] b[V cos t V cos t]2
(7)
1 c c m m c c m m
31. Balanced modulator
• Sub Eq.(2) and Eq.(4) in Eq.(5) an Eq.(6), we get
i a[V cos t V cos t] b[V cos t V cos t]2
(7)
1
c c m m c c m m
i a[V cos t V cos t] b[V2
cos2
t V 2
cos2
t
1
c c m m c c m m
2VcVm cosc tcos mt] (8)
32. Balanced modulator
• Sub Eq.(2) and Eq.(4) in Eq.(5) an Eq.(6), we get
i a[V cos t V cos t] b[V cos t V cos t]2
(7)
1 c c m m c c m m
i a[V cos t V cos t] b[V2
cos2
t V 2
cos2
t
1 c c m m c c m m
2VcVm cosctcos m t] (8)
i a[V cos t V cos t] b[V cos t V cos t]2
(9)
1 c c m m c c m m
33. Balanced modulator
• Sub Eq.(2) and Eq.(4) in Eq.(5) an Eq.(6), we get
i a[V cos t V cos t] b[V cos t V cos t]2
(7)
1 c c m m c c m m
i a[V cos t V cos t] b[V2
cos2
t V 2
cos2
t
1 c c m m c c m m
2VcVm cosctcos mt] (8)
i a[V cos t V cos t] b[V cos t V cos t]2
(9)
1 c c m m c c m m
i a[V cos t V cos t] b[V2
cos2
t V 2
cos2
t
1 c c m m c c m m
2VcVm cosctcos mt] (10)
35. Balanced modulator
• The output AM voltage is given as
V0 K(i1 i1) (11)
• Sub Eq.(8) and Eq.(10) in Eq.(11)
36. Balanced modulator
• The output AM voltage is given as
V0 K(i1 i1) (11)
• Sub Eq.(8) and Eq.(10) in Eq.(11)
V0 2KaVm cosmt 4KbVcVm cosctcosmt (12)
37. Balanced modulator
• The output AM voltage is given as
V0 K(i1 i1) (11)
• Sub Eq.(8) and Eq.(10) in Eq.(11)
V0 2KaVm cosmt 4KbVcVm cosctcosmt (12)
V 2KaV cos
a
2bV
c
cos t (13)
c
m
0 m t 1
38. Balanced modulator
• The output AM voltage is given as
V0 K(i1 i1) (11)
• Sub Eq.(8) and Eq.(10) in Eq.(11)
V0 2KaVm cosmt 4KbVcVm cosctcosmt (12)
V0 2KaVm cosmt
1 m cosct (14)
a
ModulationIndex, m
2bVc
a
2bV
V 2KaV cos c
c
m
0 m cos t (13)
t 1
40. Working principle of ring modulator
• Diodes act as a perfect switches
• Amplitude and frequency of the carrier is higher than that of the
modulating signal
• Switching operation of diodes is controlled by the RF carrier signal
41. Mode 1: Carrier suppression
Operating in the positive half cycle of the carrier
42. Mode 1: Carrier suppression
Operation in the negative half cycle of the carrier