1. COMPUTER STUDY
DE-CROWN
COMPUTER
HOME

2. • Introduction to Computing
• Basic Computer and its applications
• Computer Network, Configuration and Internet
• Basic Computer Shortcuts
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3. THE COMPUTER SYSTEM
A computer is a general-purpose machine that processes data. The data is
processed according to a set of instructions known as programs. The computer and
all equipment attached to it (the central processing unit, input, output, and memory)
are called hardware. The programs are known as software.
Computer Virus
A computer virus is a piece of code that is secretly introduced into a system in order
to corrupt it or destroy data. Often viruses are hidden in other programs or
documents and when opened, the virus is let loose.
Anti-virus Software
This is software that is designed to detect and prevent them from infecting your
Machine.
COMPUTER SYSTEM IN CHART
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Computer System
Hardware Software
System Application
Software Software
C.P.U Peripheral
Memory Control ALU Input Output Backing
Unit Unit Store

4. Maintenance of Computer (PC)
1. Computer should be placed in a cool or conducive environment
2. Install anti virus
3. By making use of UPS (Uninterrupted Power Supply)
4. By making use of stable stabilizer
5. Cover your computer to avoid dust (using system cover)
6. Have a permanent engineer
7. Shutdown properly
8. Rug or carpet the floor
Function of each major computer component
Each different part in a computer has a different task to perform, just as each part in
an automobile has a job to do, and each part works differently in order to get the job
done.
The Processor “CPU”
The processor is known as the brain of the computer. It adds, subtract, multiplies
and divides a multitude of members. There are two parts of processor that do the
math.
The first part is called the Integer Unit. Its job is to take care of the “easy”
numbers, like -5, 13, ½ etc its mainly used in business applications, like word
processors, spreadsheets, and the windows desktop.
The second is called Floating Unit its job is to take care of the really hard
numbers, like the square root of 3, pi, “e” and logarithms. This part of the CPU is
mainly used in 3D games, to calculate the position of pixel and image.
The Hard Drive “HD”
The hard drive is simply a multitude of metal that spin around inside your computer,
with heads that moved around those disks. The reason for using a Hard drive is
because hard drive is the only part inside a computer that storage data, setting,
programs and operating system while the computer is off.
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5. The Random Access Memory (RAM)
RAM is easily confused with hard drive because both store data. Te two are actually
very different. The Ram is a chip that holds data, only as electricity flows through it.
Ram is used as a interface between the Hard Drive and the processor.
Cache “L1, and L2”
The cache is high speed Ram. It stores commonly used data and instructions from
the processor so that it doesn’t have to go the slower Ram to get it. This is why the
modern day computer is so fast. Without it, your computer would be running terribly
slow. The cache is divided into two (2).
L1, range in size from 32KB to 128KB. It is split in half and resides with in the CPU
core next to the integer and floating point unit. The first half stores commonly used
data, and the second half stores common instruction that the processor carries out
on the data.
L2, is for data only. Some L2 caches are on the motherboard. Others are on a
special cartridge with the CPU. Newer L2 caches are in the CPU core, with the L2
caches.
The Chipset
The chipset is the boss inside the computer. It controls communication between the
components.
Storage Device
Memory devices are used to store data in the computer. The devices are classified
into two, namely: Internal Memory and External Memory.
* Internal Memory
Internal memory is made up of two parts namely:
 Read Only Memory: (ROM) (cannot be removed)
 Random Access Memory (Can be removed)
* External Memory
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6. The need of external memory arises as a result of the limited capacity of the
memory. Hard disk and floppy disk are two main examples of external memory.
Hard Disk: The hard disk, also called Fixed Disk, is the system unit. It has disk
drive but the drive (i.e. a place through which the disk is inserted into the computer)
is invisible because it is inside the system unit. Most of the programmed we use day-
in day-out are stored in the hard disk. It is usually between 20MB(Mega byte) and 2
or 3.5GB (Giga byte)
Floppy Disk (Also Called Floppy Diskette or 3½ Floppy Disk)
This can be also be described as external memory because it can be removed and
kept somewhere by the user. It can be described as high density or low density. It
can also be described as 3½ Floppy “A”. It can be inserted into the computer system.
Note: A Floppy diskette should not be exposed to heat and magnetic field. It must
not be touched and therefore must always be kept in protective packet.
Visual Display Unit
The VDU also called the screen, monitor, cathode ray tube (CRT) can display both
alphanumeric (letter and numbers) and graphics (pictures).
The Monitor can be of two types:
 Monochrome
 Colour Monitor
Classes of Computers
Computer can be classified or typed, many ways. Some common classifications are
summarized below
1. Micro Computer (Personal Computer)
Micro computers are the most common types of computers in existence today,
whether at work, in the school or on the desk at home.
This computer includes
 Desktop Computers
 Laptop and Notebook Computer
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7.  Tablet PC
 Palmtop Computers
 Personal Digital Assistance (PDA)
 Programmed Calculator
2. Micro Computers (Midrange Computer)
This is a class of multi-ser computers that lies in the middle range of the computing
spectrum, in between largest multi-user systems (mainframe computer) and the
smallest single-user system (micro computers or personal computers) Examples of
are:
Higher-end SPARC
Power and Itanium – Based system from sun micro systems, IBM, and Hewlett
Packard.
3. Mainframe Computer
This was created to distinguish the traditional, large, institutional computer intended
to service multiple users from the smaller, single user machines. These computers
are capable of handing and processing very large amounts of data quickly. They are
used in large institution such as banks and large corporations.
Classes of Functions
4. Servers: Usually refer to a computer that is dedicated to providing a
server. For example, a computer dedicated to a database may be called a
database server “file server” manager a large collection of computer
files.
5. Workstation: Are computers that are intended to serve one user and
may contain special hardware enhancements not found on a personal
computer
6. Embedded Computer: Are computer that are part of a machine or
device Embedded computer generally execute a program that is stored in
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8. non-volatile and memory and is only intended to operate a specific
machine or device
7. Super Computer: This is focused on performing tasks involving intense
numerical calculations such as whether forecasting, fluid dynamics,
nuclear simulations, theoretical astrophysics, and complex scientific
computations
Printers
Printers are used to print the output on paper. The output on paper is called hard
copy output while the output displayed on the screen is called softcopy output.
Printers are classified into two: Non-Impact Printers and Impact Printers.
MICROSOFT WINDOWS
Introduction
Windows has always been amazing graphical environment. Windows advances
utility and facility so that whether you are a beginning or advanced user you can
benefit from the new features, interface, networking capabilities, and so on. Using
windows, you can start and operate on or more application easily and efficiently, as
well as switch between applications effortlessly. In addition, you can share
information between applications, customize the interface, manage and print files
with ease, and perform many other tasks using the improved user interface and
features
Using Desktop
After you start Windows (98, 2000, XP, ME, VISTA etc) you will see a screen called
desktop. From the desktop, you can open and switch between applications, search
for specific folders, print documents, and perform other tasks. To effectively
accomplish these tasks, you must know how to use a mouse.
Using the Mouse
The mouse is a hand-held pointing device that helps you use your software more
easily and efficiently. The speed, accuracy and simplicity of the mouse make your
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9. work easy and interesting. The mouse is the medium through which you
communicate with the computer. That is, it works like the keyboard. To use the
mouse, hold it in you had and move the mouse across a surface. An arrow-shaped
pointer moves across the screen. The pointer is controlled by moving the mouse.
Some of the Functions of the Mouse Are:
• To delete text in a instant
• To insert a value into worksheet cell
• To choose a command on a menu
All you do is to point to an ICON or a MENU on the screen and then press a
mouse button (i.e. click)
Basic Mouse Movements
Below are the four basic techniques:
1. Pointing: This involves moving the mouse pointer until the tip rests on a
specific object or are on your screen.
2. Clicking; This is the pressing the releasing of a mouse button
3. Double Clicking: Pressing and releasing of left button twice rapid
successions.
4. Dragging; Pressing a mouse button and holding it down while moving the
mouse pointer.
THE DESKTOP
After you start Windows (98, 2000, XP, ME, VISTA etc), the first thing you see is the
desktop. Think of the desktop as you personalized workspace. Several icons or
small pictures are located on the left side of your desktop. Each icon represents an
object, such as a folder or a program. Depending on how your computer is set up,
your icons may be different from those in the illustration. The following is a list of
items you will see on your desktop when you first start Windows, along with a brief
explanation of each:
• My Computer
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10. Icon open into a window that contains icons representing your computer’s
drive and directories, the control panel, and the printers folders, You will learn
how to manipulate the My Computer Windows later
• The Start Button
This button provides a menu offering quick access to programs, documents,
setting, help options and so on
• The Task Bar
It is a horizontal bar located along the button of the screen that displays the
Start Menu and lists the open application and documents
• Network Neighborhood Icons
It gives you access to all of the computers on the networks such as file server
containing shared folders (if you are connected to a network)
• The Recycle Bin
Is a temporary storage place for deleted files. You can use it to retrieve files
deleted in error
• The Microsoft Network
Is an online service in which you can exchange messages with others, read
news, sports and weather, find technical information, and connect to the
internet
• The Internet Explorer
It is a windows program that enables you to attach to and explore web Pages
on the Internet, you must have a modern and a connection through and inter
Service Provider (ISP)
• My Briefcase
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11. This is handy tool you can use to transfer files from your hard drive to a
floppy drive and back again. Using My briefcase ensures that your files are
up-to-date, no matter where you work on them.
You will also see Windows on the desktop, Windows are rectangular areas
containing folders, files, documents, dialog boxes, message and so on. You can
easily move, size and manipulate the windows to organize your desktop to suit
your working routine. You open windows to view and make use of the items and
applications within them.
The Diagram below show a Typical Window Desk
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12. Start with the Start Menu
When you click the Start Button, you see a menu that contains everything you need
to begin using windows.
If you want to start a program, point to program. If you want help to do something in
windows, click Help. An overview of each command is shown below:
This Command Does This
* Programmes Displays a list of programs you can start
* Documents Displays a list of documents that you have opened previously
* Settings Displays a list of system components for which you can
change setting
* Find/Search Enables you to find a folder, file, shared computer, mail or
message
* Help Start help. You can then use the Help Contents, index or
other tabs to find out how to do task in window.
Explorer
In window explorer you can see both the hierarchy of folders on your computer and
all the files and folders in each selected folders. This is especially useful for copying
and moving files. You can open the folder that contains the files you want to move or
copy.
Folders
Your document and programs are stored in folders, which you can see in my
computer and window explorer. In previous version of window folders were called
Directories.
Properties
When you want to view or change information about any item, such as a document,
program, folder, disk, drive or printer, you can look at its properties. Use the right
mouse button the item, and then click properties on the menu.
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13. Close: Every window has an ‘X’ (close button in the upper corner that you can click
to close the window and quit the program or you can Exit from the file menu.
Minimize Button: this reduces a window to an icon at the bottom of the screen
which is placed on the taskbar. The minimize button at the right corner of the screen
have a new look, like a button with an underscore.
Maximize Button: When working with an application, you may want to use the full
computer screen for your workspace- maximize the application window. Maximize
button is in the right corner of the application window. Use this button to enlarge the
window so that it covers the full computer screen.
To Shutdown Your Computer
Click the start button; click shut down and the computer will shut down.
Important Note: Do not turn off your computer until you see that it has shutdown
properly
To Create a New Folder
(1) In My Computer or Window Explorer, open if you want to create a new
folder.
(2) On the file menu, point to new and then click folder. The new folder appears
with a temporary name
(3) Type a name for the new folder, and then press enter key.
To Change the Name of File or Folder
(1) In My Computer or Window Explorer, click the file or folder you want to
rename. You do not need to open it.
(2) On the file menu name click rename.
(3) Type the new name, and then press enter.
Note Pls.: A file name can contain up to 255 characters
To Change the Background of Your Desktop
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14. Click on the start button, to the setting and then click on the control panel. From the
control panel, double click on the display, then from the display box select ‘the
background of your choice then click on Apply and later OK or you quickly want to
see the display properties,
• Click the right mouse button to view the display properties.
• In the pattern or wall paper list, click the pattern or wall paper you want
use.
To Change Your Computer’s Date and Time
(1) Double click on the date on the Task bar to display time properties.
(2) In the date areas, select the correct month, year and day. Windows uses
the date and time setting to identify when files are created or modifies.
(3) Select the hour, minutes, seconds or AM/PM indicator.
To Find a File or Folder
(1) Click the start button, and the point to FIND
(2) Click files or folders.
(3) In the named box, type all or part of the files or folders name.
Click find now.
To Delete a File or Folder
(1) In My Computer or Window Explorer, locate the file or folder you want to
delete.
(2) Right click on the file or folder to display its properties then click delete
To Retrieve Delete Files or Folders
(1) Double click the Recycle Bin icon.
(2) Click the file or shortcut you want to retrieve.
(3) On the file menu, click Restore.
Saving Your Documents
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15. There are numerous ways to create files. You can make a drawing, write a letter,
and make a planning. But if you want to be able to reopen your work later, don’t
forget to save it properly on a disk!
Saving a Document
After creating a document, select Save or Save as from the file menu .click on Save
As if you are saving your document for the first time. By default, most files have the
name untitled or on name at all. Therefore you should select an appropriate name
the first time you save a document. If necessary, browse through the drives and
name the select the place where you want your file saved. Wait to make a back up of
your document in the folder where your original document is stored. In order not to
overwrite the existing file, you will have to rename it. Please note that if you select
the Save command afterwards, the document with the new name will be updated
and not the original document. Wait to save your file in another folder or in another
disk. You don’t have to change the file name but you will have to select the
destination drive or folder in the Save in; section. Click on save if you want to keep
all modifications you made to the active document.
Benefits of the Information Technology
(1) Data processing becomes faster and processed data more accurate.
(2) Production of better quality information.
(3) Data and information are more secured as mot if not all of them are stored
on computer or computer related storage devices.
(4) Reduced accommodation requirements since less paper files are needed.
(5) Neater office also because less paper files are needed.
(6) Lower office operating costs on the long run.
Computer Network and Configuration
Computers may be set up in various configuration and these may include among
many:
(1) Stand Alone: Where one complete computer system exist
independently and is used without connection to or interaction with any other ones.
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16. (2) Network: Where two or more independent computer
systems are inter- connected such that they can transmit and share their resources
among themselves.
A computer network is defined to be a set of autonomous, independent computer
systems and other system components interconnected usually over long physical
distance so as to permit interactive resource sharing between any pair of systems.
The idea behind computer network is to provide computational power and might
otherwise be impossible, to distribute computational loads more efficiently and to
provide a sharing of computational facilities.
Computer can be connected to one another either over geographically distant places
via data transmission links or over a short distance i.e locally, through the use of
internal cable.
Two or more computers need to communicate with one another so that data
processing work can be shared. Communicating with each other also enables the
computers to obtain data and programs from one another. The commonest types of
computer-to-computer links are micro-to-mainframe, micro-to-mini, micro-to-micro
and in a few cases mainframe can be linked to another mainframe.
COMPUTER VIRUS
Computer virus is a computer program (usually a few statements) which is
intentionally designed to destroy other programs, data and/or files. The virus has the
ability to clone and hide itself and copies itself in the computer systems. Viruses can
attack the boot sector of the computer. Some are files and memory resident. Apart
from the virus, there are other malicious programs that case problems for the user.
These are bomb, Trojan horse and a worm. Both virus and these other programs
exhibit the following properties.
Source of Computer Virus
o Floppy Disc
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17. o Removable hard discs
o Cartridges
o Magnetic tapes
o Optical discs
o Modems
o Pirated software
o Demonstration discs.
o Magazines or textbook discs
Danger of Viruses
• The following are some of the consequences of viral
attack:
• Loss of data
• Loss of programs
• Corruption of data
• Corruption of program
• System malfunction e.g. failure ton boot
• Program failure e.g. inability to load
• Anxiety
Prevention of Virus
 The following steps should be taken in order to
prevent viral infection:
 Check all software before installing them
 Check all external storage media (diskettes) before
using
 Make backup copies of files on regular basic and
check periodically, in case a recent backup contains infected files
 Write-protect all systems and master diskettes
 Install a reliable anti-virus program in your
computer
 Institute a procedure for checking your computers
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18.  Maintain contact with computer security experts for
update news and information
THE INTERNET
The internet is a worldwide network of computers. Imagine a globe of the world with
national boundaries. Then imagine millions of computers within each country linked
together then imagine all the countries of the world linked together. That’s the
Internet. This connection allows people tom share information like data,
programmes, picture and music as well as storage disk.
World Wide Web (www)
Have you seen a spider web? That is what the World Wide Web is linkened to. It is
simply a collection of multimedia documents and files the use multiple methods i.e.
data sounds and pictures. These documents and files are connected with hyperlinks.
The World Wide Web technology allows you to read text, view images and video in
colour as well as hear sounds over the Internet. The world “World Wide” that
preceedes the word “web” indicates that the Web page you are viewing can be view
from anywhere in the world if the computer is connected to the Internet.
What is a Web Site?
A web site is a collection of Web pages maintained by the owner of the site. It is like
having files containing information about your activities all in one collection. Every
Web site has an address that is called a Domain name. There are Web sites, on
virtually anything you can imagine; company, government, schools, churches,
mosques, gamblers, governmental and non-governmental organizations, profession
associations and youth associations may have a Web site. Among these are good
Web sites. Develop the habit of keeping a lab on good Web site, you will learn a lot.
See useful Web Sites.
How Does The World Wide Web Work?
The World Wide Web uses two software programmes to work. The Web browser
software that runs on your computer and the Web server software that runs on the
Web server. The Web browser software request information from the Web server
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19. and displays same on your computer screen. On the other hand, the Web server
software stores Web server. The Web browser software that runs on your computer
and the Web server software that runs on the Web server. The Web browser
software request information from the Web server displays same on your computer
screen. On The other hand, the Web server software stores Web pages (text, vide,
audio) and responds to the requests from the Web browser and press enter key on
your everything is OK, Yahoo home page is displayed on your computer screen. If
the Web server is underpowered for the number of requests it receives, there will be
a delay in serving up a page to the client.
What is Internet Service Provider (ISP)?
Internet Service provider (ISP) is an internet services company that connect people
to the Internet for a fee. There are a couple of them around. Some Internet Services
Provider offer dial up connection, while others offer wireless service. The services
you choose depends on availability, location, cost and your needs.
E-MAIL BASICS
What is User Name?
User Name is the name of the owner of the e-mail address. my name is Isaac
Adekunle so my e-mail User Name is wiston09. e-mail User Name is followed by @
(at), then the name of the Web server where the server where the user maintains the
account and lastly the suffix. so your e-mail address at yahoo will read something
like your name @yahoo.com. mine is kelvinmogan@yahoo.com. two people can not
use same name as an e-mail address in one Web service. this is to avoid duplicity.
for instance, you can not register winton09@yahoo.com because I have already
registered it, but if you add any other thing before or after Winston09 for instance
wiston09real@yahoo.com or wiston092xl@yahoo.com. it may be registered if not
already taken. user name is usually written in small letters.
E-Mail Etiquette
Here are some basic rules or e-mail etiquette, commonly call Netiquette.
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20. (i) Always use subject line, this will help the mail recipient to have
an idea of what your message is all about.
(ii) Be brief in written, if the information you want to send is much,
consider sending some as an attachment.
(iii) Keep paragraph short and go straight to the point, it is hard to view
long paragraphs. Remember most people will read your messages on
the computer screen, so do not give them trouble reading your mail.
(iv) Remember to check your mail for spelling errors before you send.
What is Password?
This refers to a key or code with which the user opens his/her e-mail box. With your
password you can be sure that nobody – except technically proficient miscreants
called hackers – will have access to your e-mail box. Passwords are case sensitive,
that is, if you use an upper case (capital) letter to sign on, you must use upper case
letter to open the box or vice versa. When you type your password, it will appear in
asterisks to prevent others from reading it. Make sure you remember your password
if you forget it, you will have difficulty opening your box.
COMPUTER APPLICATIONS
In the past, computers used to be enormous and expensive, required air conditions
rooms and even whole buildings to house them. Nowadays, compact and reasonably
priced yet powerful Personal Computers (PCs) are widely available and are
becoming more common in everyday life.
Computers in Business
Many tasks in offices can be integrated using computers and this is referred to as
office automation. This includes the use of word-processing, spreadsheet, database
and e-mail applications.
Computer in Homes
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21. Computer enables people to run a business from home and provide an essential link
with the outside world. Some application that could be found on home computers
are:
(1) Word processing
(2) Spreadsheets
(3) Personal organizers
(4) Music
(5) Games
(6) Internet access
Computer in Libraries
Computers can be found in libraries. Some applications of computers in the libraries
are:
(1) Library Books with Bundles
(2) Library card with Bundles
(3) Public Information Computers
Computer in Hospitals
Computers can be used to help medical practitioners manage their information.
Some ways in which computers can be used in medical practice are:
(i) To keep patients records, providing fast access to information.
(ii) To access database information.
(iii) To provide access to reference materials and journal in CD-ROM or the
internet, keeping doctors abreast of word wide developments.
(iv) Some computers software can be used for disease diagnosis and drug
prescriptions.
Computer in Banks
Computer has brought about a widen gap between the old generation banks and the
new generation banks in terms of computers and efficient delivery of services. The
application of computer in carrying out banking transactions using electronic
equipment is called ‘Electronic Banking’.
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22. Electronic Fund Transfer: with the internet around, funds are transferred here
and there all over the world in a matter of seconds.
Examples are:
i. Western Union Money Transfer by First Bank Plc.
ii. Money Gram by UBA
iii. Vigo by Union Bank Plc
iv. Cash Fast by Standard Trust Bank Ltd
Computers in Education
Computers play a major role in education in many ways such as presentation of
interactive instruction aids on specific subject matter, assessment of student
progress and understanding of the instructional material etc. there was a range of
computer-based packages in the market nowadays which provide interactive
instruction to the learners. Therefore, the bulk of work of the teacher has been
drastically reduced. Amongst these packages are CAI, CAL, and CAA.
COMPUTER KEYBOARD SHORTCUT KEY
Shortcut key help provide an easier and usually quicker method of navigate and
using computer software programs.
Shortcut keys are commonly accessed by using Alt, Ctrl, and Shift in conjunction
with a single letter. Example CTRL + S which means you have to press the key Ctrl
key and while continuing to hold the ctrl key, press the S key to perform the shortcut.
FUNCTIONAL KEY
What are the F1 through F12 keys means?
F1 through F12 are variety of different uses or no use at all depending in the
installed operating system and the software program currently open will change how
each of these keys operate. A program is capable of not only using each of the
function keys but also combining the function keys ALT + F4 (close the program
currently active).
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23. Below are the function keys on the computer running Microsoft
Window?
NOTE: Not all program support function keys and/or may perform different task then
those mentioning below:
F1
 Almost always used for help key
 Widow key + F1 should open the Microsoft window help and support center
 Open the task pane
 Shift + F1 reveal formatting on Microsoft word
F2
 In window commonly used to rename a highlighted icon or file
 ALT + CTRL + F2 open a new document in Microsoft word
 CTRL + F2 display the print (print preview)
F3
 Often opens a search feature for many programs including for many Microsoft
windows
 Shift + F3 will change the text in Microsoft word from upper to lower case OR
capital letter at the beginning of every word.
F4
 Open find window
 Repeat the last action on Microsoft Word.
 Alt + F4 will closed the open window
F5
 In all modern internet browsers pressing F5 will refresh or reloaded the page
or document window
 Open the find, replace, and go to window in Microsoft Word.
 Starts a slideshow in PowerPoint
F6
 Move the cursor to the address bar in the internet and Mozilla Firefox
 Ctrl + shift + F6 opens to another Microsoft Word document
F7
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24.  Commonly used to check the spell check and grammar check a document in
Microsoft word.
 Shift + F7 runs thesaurus check on the word highlighted.
 Turns on caret browsing in Mozilla firefox
F8
 Function key used to enter window startup menu, commonly use to get into
window safe mode
F9 Open the measurement toolbar in quark 5...0
F10
 In Microsoft window activate the menu bar of an open application
 Shift + F10 is the same as right clicking on a highlighted icon, file or internet
blink
F11 Full screen mode in all modern internet browsers.
F12
 Open the save as window in Microsoft word
 Shift + F12 save the Microsoft word document
 Crtl + Shift + F12 print a document in Microsoft word
MICROSOFT WORD SHORTCUT
Below is a listing of all the major shortcut keys in Microsoft word.
SHORTCUT
KEYS
FUNCTION/DESCRIPTION
Ctrl + A Select all content of the page
Ctrl + B Bold highlighted selection
Ctrl + C Copy selected text
Ctrl + E Aligns the line or select text to the center of the screen
Ctrl + F Open find box
Ctrl + I Italic highlighted selection
Ctrl + J Align the selected text or justify the
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25. Ctrl + K Insert link
Ctrl + L Aligns the line or selected text to the left of the screen
Ctrl + M Indent the paragraph
Ctrl + P Print window
Ctrl + R Aligns the line or selected text to the right of the screen
Ctrl + t Create hanging indent
Ctrl + U Underline highlighted selection
Ctrl + V Paste
Ctrl + X Cut selected
Ctrl + Y Redo the last action perform or deleted
Ctrl + Z Undo last action
Ctrl + N Open new window in Microsoft word
Ctrl + Shift + E Change the font
Ctrl + Shift + > Increase selected font + pts up to 12pts and then increase font
+2pts
Ctrl + [ Increase selected font +1pts
Ctrl + Shift + < Decrease selected font -1pts if 12pts or lower, if above 12
Decrease font by +2pts
Ctrl + ] Decrease selected font pts
Ctrl + right arrow Moves one word to the right
Ctrl + left arrow Moves one word to the left
Ctrl + up arrow Moves to the beginning of the line or paragraph
Ctrl + down arrow Moves to the end of the line or paragraph
Ctrl + Del Deletes word to right of cursor
Ctrl + Backspace Deletes word to left of cursor
Ctrl + End Moves the cursor to the document
Ctrl + Home Moves the cursor to the beginning of the document
Ctrl + Space bar Reset highlighted text to the default font
Ctrl + 1 Single – space – lines
Ctrl + 2 Double – space – lines
Ctrl + 5 1.5 – line – spacing
Ctrl + Alt + 1 Changes text to heading 1
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26. Ctrl + Alt + 2 Changes text to heading 2
Ctrl + Alt + 3 Changes text to heading 3
Ctrl + F1 Open the task pane
F1 Open help
Alt + Ctrl + F2 Open new document
Shift + F3 Changes text in Microsoft word from upper to lower case or
capital letter at the beginning of every word
Shift + insert Paste
F4 Repeat the last action perform
F5 Open the find, replace and go to window in Microsoft word
Ctrl + Shift + F6 Open to another open Microsoft word document
Ctrl + S Save
Shift + F12 Save
F12 Save as
Ctrl + Shift + F12 Prints the document
Alt + Shift + D Insert the current date
Alt + Shift + T Insert the current time
Ctrl + D Font
MICROSOFT EXCEL SHORTCUT
Below is a listing of all the major shortcut keys
SHORTCUT KEYS FUNCTION
F2 Edit the selected cell
F5 Go to a specific cell. for example C6
F7 Spell check selected text and/ordocument
F11 Create chart
Ctrl + Shift + ; Enter the current time
Ctrl + ; Enter the current date
Alt + Shift + F1 Insert news worksheet
Shift + F3 Open the excel formula window
Shift + F5 Bring up search box
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27. Ctrl + A Select all contents in the worksheet
Ctrl + B Bold highlight
Ctrl + I Italic highlight
Ctrl + K Insert link
Ctrl + 5 Strike through highlighted selection
Ctrl + P Print
Ctrl + U Underline highlighted
Ctrl + Z Undo last action
Ctrl + F9 Minimized current window
Ctrl + F10 Minimizes current selected window
Ctrl + F6 Switch between open worksheet/window
Alt + = Create a formular to sum all of the above cells
Ctrl + ‘ Insert the value of the above cell into cell currently selected
Ctrl + shift +! Format number in comma formal
Ctrl + shift +$Format number in current formal
Ctrl + shift +#Format number in date format
Ctrl + shift +% Format number in percentage format
Ctrl + shift +@ Format number in time format
Ctrl + space Select entire column
Shift + space Select enter row
Below is a list of all the major shortcut keys in Microsoft Front Page
SHORTCUT KEYS FUNCTION
Ctrl + C,Ctrl + X,Ctrl + Ctrl + p Are the same functions as that of Microsoft word
Ctrl + B,Ctrl +I,Ctrl + U,Ctrl +L
, Ctrl + S, Ctrl + E,
Ctrl + Ins Turn ON or OFF the displayed of HTML tags
Ctrl + Enter Move cursor above or below window
Ctrl + shift +
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