2. DEFINITION
2
The movement of passengers or cargo over or
through large distances of water – both oceans or
seas and fresh water, inland waterways
3 Main Categories:
AQUEDUCTS – pipelines, tunnels, canals, navigable
channel
CONTAINER SHIPMENT – tanker, crates, container
vans
PASSENGER SHIP – cruiselines, ferries, catamarans
3. BRIEF BACKGROUND (Motive power)
3
The first form of water transportation used
“manpower” with man moving their way across
bodies of water with a paddle and small boat,
likened to a canoe
After paddling came the usage of “SAILS” , in
addition to unison paddling ,to bring bigger vessels
across wider bodies of water. Sails alone were also
used in smaller vessels.
The discovery of the steam engine allowed for the
large vessels to traverse oceans with heavy cargo and
numerous passengers
4. BRIEF BACKGROUND (Motive power)
4
Eventually when motorized land vehicles evolved,
motorized water vessels were also developed,
allowing ships, large and small, to run on oil or fuel,
which is seen today
“Cruising” evolved from regular “transportation”
activities where passengers and cargo were brought,
non-stop, across oceans to reach different countries
and/or continents.
Then the concept of “fun ships” or “love boats”
started gaining popularity.
5. BRIEF BACKGROUND (Motive power)
5
Cruising industry started gaining momentum in the
1970’s and 1980’s.
Then in the 1990’s they started building “megaships”
that far exceeded the size and scope of the biggest
ocean liners.
At the same time, the “paddlewheelers” were also
revived in the big in-land waterways such as the
Mississippi which carried over 300 passengers.
Always, the connotation of a cruise is an experience
of luxury
6. FAST FACTS ABOUT CRUISE LINE INDUSTRY
6
It has a large market - in North America alone,
estimated potential is 70 Million (half of the people
over 25 years old who have an income of at least US$
20,000 have expressed wanting to cruise)
A cruise company typically purchases over US$
600M of food and beverage per year
On a week-long cruise on a large vessel can consume
5,000 cases of wine and champagne
Many ship gyms use air-resistance machines because
weighted machines are too heavy
7. FAST FACTS ABOUT CRUISE LINE INDUSTRY
7
One third to one half of the people aboard a ship are
crew members
A typical dining room attendant makes US$ 25,000-
30,000 a year in salary and tips and have minimal
“on-board” expenses.
The number one source of revenue on board is
beverage sales
Casino gamblers spend about US$ 10.00 a day
8. TYPES OF CRUISE ITINERARIES
8
1. ROUND-TRIP or CIRCLE Itinerary
2. ONE-WAY Itinerary
3. CLOSED JAW Itinerary – to include air travel
4. OPEN JAW Itinerary – to include air travel
5. CRUISE ONLY Trip
• AT-SEA Days
• PORT Days
• CRUISE Tour
9. WHY DO PEOPLE CRUISE
9
1. Hassle-free vacation – pack and unpack only once
2. Getting away from it all – unless one makes a living
on a fishing vessel, tanker or cargo ship, cruising is
a new experience
3. Interesting destinations – can see several places at
the same trip
4. You can do IT ALL or NOTHING
5. Something for everybody
6. A learning, friendly, romantic, safe, trendy,
experience
10. WHY DO PEOPLE CRUISE
10
7. A pre-packaged vacation
8. Good vacation value
9. Lends itself to group travel
11. BASIC FEATURES IN A CRUISE LINE
11
Cabins or staterooms
Dining options – main and alternative dining rooms
and snack bars
Entertainment venues
Public areas
Fitness facilities
Atrium – similar to a central lobby
Shopping
Pool deck
12. BASIC FEATURES IN A CRUISE LINE
12
Children’s area
Spa
Casino or evening entertainment
13. TYPES OF ROOMS IN A CRUISE
13
Inside cabin – middle rooms with no windows or
portholes
Outside cabin – rooms with portholes and windows
Balcony / veranda cabin – a room which opens to a
private seating area at a portion of the deck
Mini-suite – rooms with a small waiting area or
parlor in addition to the beds
Suite – a larger room with a waiting area to entertain
guests, a kitchenette or bar
14. BIG 8 CRUISELINES
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1. STAR CRUISE LINE – operates in Asia and caters
to the Asian, European and Australian markets.
Casinos are popular in these cruises
2. PRINCESS CRUISES – modern, bright ships which
offers flexible dining services. They also offer an
outdoor cinema.
3. ROYAL CARIBBEAN – serves over 25% of the
cruise line market. They have the strong “mega
ship categories in service.
15. BIG 8 CRUISELINES
15
4. HOLLAND AMERICAL LINES – focuses more on
comfort. Has a loyal and more mature client base
and its décor is more conservative.
5. COSTA CRUISE LINES – is an Italian cruise
operation which caters to the European market,
with services catering to their tastes.
6. CELEBRITY CRUISES – is known for its cuisine.
It has more crewmembers than most cruise lines
and has a loyal clientele.
16. BIG 8 CRUISELINES
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7. NORWEGIAN CRUISE LINE – offers a loose
dining policy on all ships where rules are more
relaxed. They promote more sports activities.
8. CARNIVAL - called the “Fun Ships”, they cater to a
younger, more active generation. They attract first
time cruisers in a 20-40 age range.
17. WHY DO PEOPLE CHOOSE WATER
TRANSPORTATION
17
Generally, more affordable especially when shipping
items or cargo in bulk
Must travel big distances but afraid to fly and not
accessible entirely by land
In some places, there is no faster alternative
18. EFFECTS OF WATER TRANSPORTATION ON
TOURISM
18
Increase economic activity
Increase foreign exchange
Decrease in transportation cost
Increase in government revenue
Increase in employment opportunities
Increase in foreign investments
19. Water Transportation Infrastructure
19
PIERS
A raised structure , including bridge, building
support and walkways over water
TYPES OF PIERS
Working Pier - built for handling cargo and
passengers
Pleasure Pier – normally in resort areas for guests on
holiday and for use of smaller, private vehicles
20. Water Transportation Infrastructure
20
Fishing Pier – purely for persons who wish to sit and
catch fish
PORTS
• Large scale piers with industrial equipment to
handle commercial number of passenger and cargo
21. Water Transportation Infrastructure
21
LIGHTHOUSE
A tower or building or other structure designed to
emit light and be an aid to navigation for pilots at sea
or inland waterways
Normally marks dangerous coastlines – shoals, reefs
or for safe entries to harbors
22. COMMONLY USED TERMS IN CRUISES
22
ABOARD – on board the ship
ASHORE – on the shore (off the ship)
ATRIUM – the common place in cruise ships
BALCONY – also known as a veranda, a private
seating area on the outside of a ship, accessed only
from one’s cabin
BERTH – the place where ships dock
BOW – the front of the ship
23. COMMONLY USED TERMS IN CRUISES
23
BRIDGE – where the Captain operates the ship;
navigational, command and control area of the ship
BUNKERING – to take on fuel
CABIN – passenger room of a ship
DISEMBARK – getting off the ship, at various ports
and at the end of the cruise
DECK – the floor of the ship
DOCK – act of parking the ship at the pier
FORWARD – toward the front the ship
24. COMMONLY USED TERMS IN CRUISES
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GALLEY – the ship’s kitchen
GANGWAY – the opening at the side of the ship
where passengers embark and disembark
STARBOARD – right hand side of the ship
STERN – the back of the ship
PORT – may be a harbour or multiple harbours
where ships dock; left side of the ship (as a part of
the ship)
25. THE WAY
25
1. OCEANS – The largest of all bodies of water. There
are 4 main oceans: Pacific, Atlantic, Indian and
Arctic
2. SEAS – Second largest bodies of water, salty and
open to or even part of oceans (Black Sea, Caspian
Sea, Dead Sea, Baltic Sea, Philippine Sea, West
Philippine Sea)
3. GULFS – large areas of water that penetrates into
land
26. THE WAY
26
4. LAKES – smaller than gulfs and seas usually have
fresh water and are mostly, if not entirely encircled
by land
• Sometimes flowing, sometimes still
5. RIVERS – large /flowing streams of water that
empty into other bodies of water
6. COVE – a coastal landform – circular or round
inlet
7. CREEK – an inlet of the sea, narrower than a cove
27. THE WAY
27
8. Harbour – a man-made or natural body of water
where ships are stored or may seek shelter from
weather and currents
9. Lagoon – a shallow salt or brackish water
10. Bay – a larger cove with a protected area
sometimes leading up to harbours or ports
28. THE VEHICLE
28
TYPE OF CRUISE LINES
• Luxury cruise lines
• Education and adventure cruise lines – smaller and
visits ecologically interesting places
• Masted Sailing Ships – real sails which give
experience of previous seafaring
• Riverboats – “time machines” of the past
29. ORGANIZATIONS / AGENCIES
29
INTERNATIONAL:
CLIA – Cruise Lines International Association
- 26 members (as discussed by reporter)
LOCAL:
Philippine Coast Guard (PCG) – broader enforcement
of maritime laws in the country: smuggling, fishing,
drug trafficking, piracy
30. ORGANIZATIONS / AGENCIES
30
MARINA – Maritime Industry Authority
• Registration of water vessels
PHILIPPINE PORTS AUTHORTY (PPA)
• Facilitate monitoring of security-related events for
water vehicles
• Monitors flow of water vessels in and out of ports
SOLAS – Safety of Life at Sea
