Microplastics in fish from the KZN Bight
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Presented by Sipho Mkhize (MACE Lab NRF Intern 2015) at SCCP 2016.
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Microplastics in fish from the KZN Bight
- 1. Microplastics In Fish From The Kwazulu- natal Bight Sipho Mkhize Supervised by: Dr Robertson- Andersson and G.K Moodley
- 2. Microplastics • Microplastics are tiny pieces of plastic smaller than 5mm in diameter
- 3. Secondary microplastics Strong wave action OceansPlastic Garbage Chemical processes Microplastics Primary microplastics Industrial abrasive cosmetics Beads
- 4. Severity of plastics in the world
- 5. Animals ingesting plastic Micro-organisms Bigger animalsPlastic bag Smaller pieces
- 6. Long term effects in Humans • Cancer • Alters DNA and RNA • Adverse effects on reproduction
- 7. Microplastics in the Agulhas current
- 8. Aims of study • To quantify the number of microplastic particles in fish caught in different regions in the Agulhas current large marine ecosystem, including the mesoscale eddy in the Bight and • To determine whether there was a difference in microplastic ingestion in fish caught in the epipelagic and mesopelagic zones.
- 9. Methods
- 10. Results Broken pieces of larger plastic items. 56 % Round in shape like beads for necklace designs. 7,5 % A slender thread- like resembling pieces of fishing line. 29 % Hair-like small pieces of plastic. 7,5 % 34 % Microplastics were found in
- 11. Maximum number of plastics in one fish 6
- 12. Epipelagic and Mesopelagic fish
- 14. Acknowledgements. • African Coelacanth Ecosystem Program (ACEP), • Thukela Bank Ecosystem Functioning Project • National Research Foundation (NRF) • C. Wilkinson and D. Hayes of the Oceanographic Research Institute (ORI). • Dr. AM De Lecea (UKZN). • K Sorenson, owner and crew of the ‘Ocean Spray’, for kindly making his trawler available.
- 15. References • Ainley DG, Jacobs SS. 1981. Sea-bird affinities for ocean and ice boundaries in the. Antarctic. Deep Sea Research Part A. Oceanographic Research Papers 28: 1173-1185. • Andrady AL. 2011. Microplastics in the marine environment. Marine Pollution Bulletin 62: 1596-1605. • Atkinson LP, Targett TE. 1983. Upwelling along the 60-m isobath from Cape Canaveral to Cape Hatteras and its relationship to fish distribution. Deep Sea Research Part A. Oceanographic Research Papers 30: 221-226. • Barnes DK, Galgani F, Thompson RC, Barlaz M. 2009. Accumulation and fragmentation of plastic debris in global environments. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 364: 1985-1998. • Boerger CM, Lattin GL, Moore SL, Moore CJ. 2010. Plastic ingestion by planktivorous fishes in the North Pacific Central Gyre. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 60: 2275-2278. • Bosman C, Uken R, Leuci R, Smith AM, Sinclair D. 2007. Shelf sediment off the Thukela River: complex interaction between fluvial and oceanographic processes. South African Journal of Science 103: 490-492. • Browne MA, Galloway T, Thompson R. 2007. Microplastic—an emerging contaminant of potential concern? Integrated environmental assessment and Management 3: 559-561. • Cole M, Lindeque P, Halsband C, Galloway TS. 2011a. Microplastics as contaminants in the marine environment: a review. Marine pollution bulletin 62: 2588-2597. • Coote MW. 2014. Factors affecting the bioavailability of microplastics and their retention in filter feeding herbivorous fish (M. cephalus). Unpublished Honours thesis, University of Kwa-Zulu Natal, South Africa. • De Lecea AM, Fennessy ST, Smit AJ. 2013. Processes controlling the benthic food web of a mesotrophic bight (KwaZulu- Natal, South Africa) revealed by stable isotope analysis. Marine Ecology Progress Series 484: 97-114.
- 16. Thank you…