Presented at SMWCon Fall 2017 (https://www.semantic-mediawiki.org/wiki/SMWCon_Fall_2017/Implementing_Rule-based_Systems_with_Semantic_MediaWiki) This talk presents an application Semantic MediaWiki to assessing student deliverables for both substantive feedback and official grades. This system offers several features that streamline different aspects of the grading process. These include determining feedback, calculating grades and performing simple learning analytics. The wiki uses Semantic Forms for efficient entry of feedback by the grader. This approach processes machine-readable student deliverables to propose some feedback to the human grader as prefilled wiki form code. The grader can then use forms to confirm or adapt the computer-generated feedback and to add more feedback. Once an assessment is complete, the wiki calculates a proposed grade for the grader to confirm or adapt. The wiki then also generates an email link with feedback for the student. Finally, the wiki provides some simple learning analytics about the feedback and grades to assist the grader in evaluating and adapting the assessment system.

1. Implementing Rule-based
Systems with Semantic
MediaWiki
SMWCon Fall 2017, October 5th 2017

2. Semantic MediaWiki in Thesis Research
about Business & IT
• Technical motivations
– Accessibly programmable
– Varied software tool chest
– Distributed for student teams
• Suitable for implementing business system interfaces
– Quick for final systems
– Quick for prototypes in scrum-like development
– Context in Model-driven development approach
• Business rule support from SMW
– Page Forms parameters: warning, block, etc.
– Display of rule-breakers (data needs)
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3. Thesis Research Structure at the Open
University in the Netherlands
• Master Class project: Ontology editor with Page Forms (2009)
• Informatics Bachelors Thesis group projects
– Semantic Friendly Forms (2009)
– Protégé Fresnel (2014)
– Fresnel Forms (2015) … @ SMWCon Fall 2015
• Including SMWCon’ers Alex Mekkering & Teun Theunissen!
• Business Process Management & IT Masters Thesis
– Current topics: Business Rules, Rule Systems, Rule Wikis
– Academic, management science-oriented, not really programmers
– Masters Circles: 2/year, takes one year, 6 students per circle
• http://is.cs.ou.nl/OWF
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4. Masters class project (@SMWCon 2010)
• Annotation with RDFS/OWL properties and
classes
• Uses Semantic Forms for annotation
• RDFS and OWL inferencing on “check” pages
• Implementation: page and template code

6. Semantic Friendly Forms (@SMWCon 2010)
• Bachelors Thesis group project
• Special pages MediaWiki extension
• Goals
– More RDFS/OWL in forms
– More user-friendly features
• Features
– (Re-)editing of: templates, properties, forms
– Additional hyperlinks and autocompletion
– RDFS/OWL constructs in forms
– rdfs:domain drives template generation

9. More SFF features
• Form-based editing of properties
– RDFS/OWL properties in Form code
• Generates template and form code from RDFS/OWL
– rdf:datatype -> [[Has type::]]
– rdfs:domain -> property in template and form
– rdfs:range -> Semantic Forms autocompletion parameters
– owl:inverseOf -> SMW’s invert-property template
– owl:symmetricProperty -> in infobox both ends of triple
• Driven by RDFS/OWL properties
– Thus import of RDFS/OWL ontologies would generate initial interface

10. OWL Wiki Forms (OWF) (@SMWCon 2013)

11. Pagina 12

14. 15

15. 16

16. Fresnel Forms (FForms) (@SMWCon 2015)
• Plugin for Protégé Semantic Web ontology editor
– Easy to download and install, open source in Java
– Download or edit Semantic Web ontology in Protégé
• FForms tab in Protégé
– Default wiki interface
– GUI for editing interface: FForms and CSS
– Save as Fresnel for future adaptation
– Export as wiki XML with SMW and Semantic Forms
• Import to wiki
– Page Forms with ontology-derived interface assistance
– Export to RDF linked to source Semantic Web
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17. Default browser
• Property order not normalized
• Property display for type
• No tailored CSS
• Simple two-column table
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Wikipedia Fresnel Forms, default

18. Edited browser
• Property order easy to change
• CSS
– Fits in Fresnel standard
– <div>-based better than table
• “Awards” is more page link than data
annotation
• Extend with SPARQL queries?
– Age calculation
– Honorific acronyms
• Ordering of multiple values works
– But via the wiki code
– Not via Semantic Web
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Wikipedia Fresnel Forms, edited

19. From Model-driven to Rule-based
Model-driven Rule-based
Models based on things Rules based on agreements
Bills and payments “Every bill must be paid” (& unpaid bills)
Develops systems Designs collaboration (process)
Databases Logic
Classes and properties Rules (about classes and properties)
Fresnel Forms Relation Algebra on Ampersand
Fresnel lens (like CSS) ?
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20. (My) BPMIT Masters Thesis research
structure
How and to what extent can …
Ampersand | Semantic Web | Semantic MediaWiki
… implement …
case study
… from …
knowledge domain
… by applying …
academic model
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21. VOG Legal case study in Ampersand: logic
Nr Regel Categorie *
A Het ID van de aanvrager moet vastgesteld kunnen worden Actor rule
B Het ID van de ondertekenaar van een aanvraag moet vastgesteld kunnen worden. Actor rule
C De aanvrager en ondertekenaar van een aanvraag zijn dezelfde persoon Actor rule
D Het type ID op de aanvraag moet zijn toegestaan Information object rule
E De leges moeten betaald zijn voordat de aanvraag ondertekend mag worden Workflow rule
F Het aanvraagnummer en de behandelde ambtenaar moeten zijn ingevuld Information object rule
G Alleen een ambtenaar mag een gemeentelijke aanvraag afhandelen Actor rule
H De leges voor een aanvraag moeten betaald zijn Information assertion rule
I Als er bijzonderheden zijn, moeten deze zijn toegelicht Information object rule
J Als de aanvraag gepersisteerd wordt, moet dit zijn toegelicht Information object rule
K Als er advies van Covog nodig is, moet dit zijn toegelicht Information object rule
L De ambtenaar van ondertekening moet dezelfde zijn als de behandelende ambtenaar Actor rule
M Een aanvraag mag alleen gedaan worden in de gemeente van vestiging Information assertion rule
N De aanvraag moet volledig zijn ingevuld Information object rule
O Als de aanvrager geen strafblad heeft, wordt de aanvraag automatisch toegekend Information assertion rule
P Per soort identificatiemiddel moet het serienummer uniek zijn Information object rule
Q De UserId en Password moeten uniek zijn Information object rule
R Elk paspoort heeft een nummer en een houder Information object rule
S Elk paspoort heeft een uniek serienummer Information object rule
T Elk rijbewijs heeft een nummer en een houder Information object rule
U Elk rijbewijs heeft een uniek serienummer Information object rule
V Elk Digid heeft een userid, een password en een houder Information object rule
W Elk Digid heeft een unieke combinatie van userid en password Information object rule

22. VOG Legal case study in Ampersand: form

23. VOG Legal case study in Ampersand: violation
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24. VOG Legal case study on Semantic Web

25. Masters Thesis research questions
• How well-suited is an established Semantic Web
ontology for generating interfaces (with FForms)?
• How well-suited is FForms for generating an
interface for an ontology?
• How should FForms be extended to support
business rules?
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26. Ongoing thesis research topics
• Single-student Bachelor project: FForms as stand-alone Java
– Facilitates quick extensions
• Best default interface with Wikipedia infoboxes as target
– From processing: ontology, web text, web data
• FForms / Page Forms / SMW implementation for …
– Rubrics: assessment in education, double-layered MDD
– Multi-lingual Wikipedia-like websites
– Agile Programming: {{#username}} extension
• From Ampersand and Semantic Web to SMW
– EU-Rent: classic fictional research business rule example
– Declaration of Good Behavior (VOG): Hohfeldian legal concepts
– What is the mapping and/or style language?
– Design Patterns?
Pagina 27

27. Technical guesses for what it might
become
• Rule as “semantic” object that gets style sheets (Fresnel lens)
• User IDs for roles: vary infobox, dynamically query form code?
• Integrating external Semantic Web endpoint
– Inferencing on SMW infoboxes through external queries
– Inconsistency messages from external reasoner?
• Guiding data entry to (only) legitimate values with Page Forms
– Already in FForms
• Range: buttons, pulldown, autocompletion, etc.
• Cardinality: mandatory and lists
– #forminput: link to prefilled form to make new page to link to
– Blocking vs warning
• Query “violations”
– Data needs: fields that still need to be filled in
– Context and scope: whole wiki, just page, subtree
– Complex logic requiring external reasoner
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28. Questions? Tips? Willingness to code?
Pagina 29