Which Role does Testing Play in an Agile Development Organisation?

Which Role does Testing Play in an Agile Development
Organisation?
Olaf Lewitz, Agile Coach

agile42 | The Agile Coaching Company—“Coaching Good Teams to Great” www.agile42.com | All rights reserved. Copyright © 2007 - 2011.

Agile Testing - Myths and Facts


Fact or Fiction?

• On the sticky notes I give you,
• write 3 facts you already know
• and 3 myths you’ve heard about Agile Testing
• Write only one fact or myth per note
• Don't indicate whether any particular note is a fact or a myth
• Don't share them yet


Ideal world


The ideal project
We know all requirements up front
We devise the perfect design
We build everything according to specification
We pass all the tests
The client is delighted
We are cool... or not?


What’s wrong with this
picture?

The Client Does Not Know
The Real Problem Yet

http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/curns/4237949343/

We Need To Deliver Faster

We Need To Master New
Technology

http://www.flickr.com/photos/_nezemnaya_/
2958522973/

It Does Not Match!

Why Agile?


Software lines in FORD vehicles over the past 5 years
10
10

7.5

6

5 4.5

3.4
2.8
2.4
2.5

0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Software complexity in FORD vehicles
Growing Software quadruplicated in 5 years
Complexity

Software lines in FORD vehicles over the past 5 years
10
10

7.5

6
x4
5 4.5

3.4
2.8
2.4
2.5

0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Software complexity in FORD vehicles
Growing Software quadruplicated in 5 years
Complexity

Compared software complexity growth in
Growing Software aerospace and automotive
Complexity

F-22 Raptor 1.7

F-35 Joint Strike 5.7

Boeing 787 Dreamliner 6.5

S-Class Daimler 98.6

Complexity

F-22 Raptor 1.7

F-35 Joint Strike 5.7
x1
0
Boeing 787 Dreamliner 6.5

S-Class Daimler 98.6

Complexity

1915 1939 1972 1976 1983 1994 1998 2000 2002 2004

Due to globalization effects, and other
economical changes, the time to market
Time to Market over time decreased significantly


1915 1939 1972 1976 1983 1994 1998 2000 2002 2004
Deepa Chandrasekaran, Gerard J. Tellis - Marshall School of Business, University of Southern California, Los Angeles,
California



.5 y ears
13

3
m
on
th
s

1915 1939 1972 1976 1983 1994 1998 2000 2002 2004
Deepa Chandrasekaran, Gerard J. Tellis - Marshall School of Business, University of Southern California, Los Angeles,
California



Why does that matter?


Defined Process, suited to produce faster

Change from this...

R&D based process

... to this.

The Lean Principles...

•Eliminate Waste
•Build Quality In
•Create Knowledge / Amplify Learning
•Defer Commitment / Decide as late as possible
•Deliver as fast as possible
•Respect People / Empower the Team
•Optimize the whole / Improve the System


The Agile Values...
Agile Manifesto:
We are uncovering better ways of developing
software by doing it and helping others do it.
Through this work we have come to value:

Individuals and interactions over processes and tools
Working software over comprehensive documentation
Customer collaboration over contract negotiation
Responding to change over following a plan

That is, while there is value in the items on
the right, we value the items on the left more.


Quality


Quality in Service

“In a service economy, quality does not mean
conformance to a script;
it means adapting to meet the changing expectations of
many different customers.”
Mary and Tom Poppendieck, Lean Software Development (2003)


Quality in Design

“Quality in design means
realization of purpose or fitness for use rather than
conformance to requirements.”
Mary and Tom Poppendieck, Lean Software Development (2003)


The Myth of Independence
Testers need to be independent of the developers
Testers and developers need to be isolated
Testing needs to be done after development


The Myth of Independence
Testers need to be independent of the developers

?
Testers and developers need to be isolated

y
Testing needs to be done after development

W h


Change from:
Assure Quality
to
Build Quality In
Testers Stay Being Testers and
Build Integrity In

Ron Jeffries (http://xprogramming.com/)

Bugs Become More Expensive
The Later You Find Them

Agile Testing


Agile Roles - Where Is The Tester?

Business
Expectation

Process
Expectation

Quality
Expectation

Scrum Process Overview - Where Is Quality?


Business-facing

Critique the product
Exploratory
Support the team ATDD & Usability
testing UAT
Q2 Q3
Q1 Q4
Unit tests
Performance
Component
security,
Integration
load testing
tests

Technology-facing

agile42 | We advise, train and coach companies building software www.agile42.com | All rights reserved. Copyright © 2007 - 2009.

User Story


User Story

“How will we know
we’re done?”


User Story

“How will we know
we’re done?”
Acceptance Criteria


User Story

“How will we know
we’re done?”
Acceptance Criteria

Acceptance Tests

e!
n
User Story
o
D
“How will we know
we’re done?”
Acceptance Criteria

Acceptance Tests

Changes You Should Expect


Roles Outside The Teams
• Change from assurance to facilitation

• Change from defining rules to aligning constraints

• Change from assignment to delegation


Workspace

Image from justaddwater.dk blog


Workspace
• Enable collaboration



Workspace

• Prefer colocation



Workspace


• Establish information radiators



Workspace



• Enable team ownership



Workspace




• Keep it simple



Workspace




• Keep it simple

• Let it evolve



Tools
• Use tools that are open, easily changed

• Users (esp. the teams) need to have ownership

• Do the simplest thing that could possibly work! http://www.pomodorotechnique.com/products.html


Conclusion
• Quality is more important in Agile than in traditional methods

• It’s built in so it might seem less explicit at first glance


Feedback worth your time?


@OlafLewitz

Thank you.

Olaf.Lewitz@agile42.com


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