Here's 'Introduction to To Management And Organization'- from Foundation Course-Semester 4. Happy Learning!

1. INTRODUCTION
TO MANAGEMENT
AND THE
ORGANISATION

2. What is Management?
Management is the attainment of organizational goals
in an effective and efficient manner THROUGH
PLANNING, ORGANIZING, STAFFING, DIRECTING
AND CONTROLLING organizational resources.
Organizational resources include men(human beings),
money, machines and materials.

3. DEFINITIONS OF MANAGEMENT BY SEVERAL MANAGEMENT EXPERTS
1.According to George R. Terry, ''Management Is a distinct process consisting of planning,
organising, actuating and controlling; utilising in each both science and art, and followed in
order to accomplish pre-determined objectives."
2. Management is a multipurpose organ that manages a business and manages Managers
and manages Workers and work. -Peter Drucker
3. According to Harold Koontz, "Management is the art of getting things done through others
and with formally organised groups."
4. One popular definition is by Mary Parker Follett. Management, she says, is the "art of
getting things done through people.“

4. 5. "Management is the art of knowing what you want to do and then
seeing that they do it in the best and the cheapest may.“
- Frederick Winslow Taylor
6. "To manage is to forecast and to plan, to organise, to command, to
co-ordinate and to control”. -Henry Fayol
7. “Management is the process by which managers create, direct,
maintain, and operate purposive organizations through systematic,
coordinated, cooperative human effort” - McFraland.

5. MANAGEMENT
MANPOWER
MACHINES
MATERIALS
METHODS
MONEY
MARKETS

6. MANPOWER
MANPOWER

7. MACHINES

8. MATERIALS

9. METHODS

10. MONEY

11. MARKETS

13. MANAGEMENT:
• IS A PROCESS
• IS A SOCIAL PROCESS
• IS ACTION-BASED
• INVOLVES ACHIEVING RESULTS THROUGH EFFORTS
• IS A GROUP ACTIVITY
• IS INTANGIBLE
• IS AIDED NOT REPLACED BY COMPUTERS
• IS ALL PERVASIVE
• IS AN ART, SCIENCE AS WELL AS AN PROFESSION
• AIMS AT CO-ORDINATION OF ACTIVITIES
• IS INNOVATIVE
• HAS DIFFERENT OPERATIONAL LEVELS
• IS MULTI-DISCIPLINARY
•AIMS AT ACHIEVING PRE-DETERMINED OBJECTS
•IS DYNAMIC

15. IMPORTANCE/
ROLE/
SIGNIFICANCE OF
MANAGEMENT
FOR BUSINESS
ORGANIZATIONS
FOR SOCIETY
FOR THE
COUNTRY

16. • Achievement Of Group Goals
•Optimum Use Of Resources
• Establishing Competitive Strength
• Cordial Industrial Relations
• Effective Leadership And Motivation
• Adopting New Technology
• Effective Use Of Managers
•Change And Growth
• Coordination And Team Spirit
• Goodwill Of The Enterprise

17. • Fulfulling Social Responsibilies
• Improving Standard Of Living
•Effective Management
• Generation Of Employment
• Minimization Of Cost
• Protecting Values
• Promoting Social Upliftment
• Protection To Environment

18. • Economic and Social Growth
• Removal of Sick Units
• High Productivity
• Use Of Human Resources
• Encourages Capital Formation
•Removal Of Poverty
• Contributes To National Planning

20. Management :
• As An Economic Resource
• As A System of Authority
• As A Group Activity
• Is Relative not Absolute
• Is Universal
• As A Process
• As A Discipline
• Is A Multi-Disciplinary
• Is Universal Process

22. • Organizational Objectives
• Personal Objectives
• Social Objectives
• Survival
• Growth
• Profitability
• Social Responsibilities
• Optimum Use Of Resources
• Recognition To Employees
• Incorporate Innovation

23. Administration is concerned with the determination of overall corporate
objectives, policies and strategies.
It concentrates on the coordination of finance, production and distribution
Administration acts as the central controlling authority in the organization
Administration is fundamentally the direction of affairs
The three main elements of administration are:
 The formulation of goals
 The choice of ways and means
 The direction of the people in some group purpose

24.  Higher Level Activity
 Part Of Management
 Integration And Direction
 Preference Of Top Managers
 Comprehensive In Nature
 Implementation Of Policy
Multiple Responsibilities
 Thinking And Doing
 Coordination And Control
 Administrative Activity

26. Factors Management Administration
Meaning It is concerned with the execution of plans
and policies as laid down by the
administration.
It is concerned with the execution of
activities decided by the administration.
It is concerned with the determination of
major objectives, policies and master
strategies.
It determines the corporate organisational
structure and acts as controlling authority.
Type Of Function It is the executive function as the managers
perform the work in order to achieve specific
results.
It is the legislative function as it lays down
plans, policies and procedures for the
business.
Scope Deals with the determination of major
objectives and policies
Deals with the implementation of policies.
Uses Mostly used in Business Organizations Mostly used in Government, Social, Cultural,
Educational And Military Organizations
Skills Required Technical and Human Skills Conceptual and Human Skills
Influence Managerial decisions are influenced mainly
by organizational objectives and policies.
Administrative decisions are influenced mainly
by public opinion and other external factors.
Interests It is looked after by paid managers who work
for personal growth and financial gains.
It is looked after by the owners who invest
capital and earn profits.
Levels of Authority Middle and Lower Level Higher Level

27. Administration is a wider concept.
 Management is a generic term and includes administration
 Administration and Management are synonymous but differ
in their fields of usage.

28. Top
Management
Middle
Management
Lower Level Management Administration
Management

29. TOP LEVEL
MANAGEMENT
MIDDLE LEVEL
MANAGEMENT
LOWER LEVEL MANAGEMENT
EMPLOYEES (WORKERS)
EXECUTIVES WORKING
BOARD OF DIRECTORS/ CHIEF EXECUTIVE/
GENERAL MANAGER
DEPARTMENT HEADS/ JUNIOR EXECUTIVES
FOREMAN/ FIRST LINE SUPERVISORS

30. Objectives: Determining the business objectives
Policies: Formulation of business policies and preparation of plans for achieving the
objectives.
Organization: Designing an appropriate organizational framework.
Resources: Bringing together the resources to put plans into practice.
Supervision: Excercising effective supervision over all the department.
Mesaures: Introducing suitable remedial mesaures, shortfalls are noticed.

31.  Supervision: Directing and supervision over the entire work force in the
factory, in the office and in the sales field.
 Links: Acting as a link between the higher management and rank and file of
workers.
 Communication: Communicating the management’s decisions, policies, etc.
to workers.
 Reporting: Reporting the actual performance of workmen along with their
difficulties, problems, etc., to the higher level management.
 Discipline: Maintaining discipline among workers assigned to them or to their
departments.

32. Selection: Selection of the efficient executives and staff.
Procedures: Introduction of proper procedures and operating routines for orderly
functioning of the departments.
Motivation: Motivating personnel for higher productivity and rewarding them.
Information: Collecting reports, statistical information and similar other records
about the workdone in the department and forwarding the same with necessary
observations to the top-level management.
Performance: Securing better performance by revising departmental policies

33. Division Of Work
Authority and Responsibility
Discipline
Unity Of Command
Centralization
Unity Of Direction
Subordination of Individual Interest to General Interest
Scalar Chain
Remuneration
Order
Initiative
Stability Of Tenure
Equity
Espirit de corps (Team Spirit)
HENRI
FAYOL’S
PRINCIPLES
OF
MANAGEMENT

34. Son Asks: ‘DAD U C USSR?’, Father replies: ‘O I SEE!’

35. D- Division of work
A- Authority and responsibility
D- Discipline
U- Unity Of Command
C- Centralization
U- Unity Of Direction
S- Subordination of Individual Interest to General Interest
S- Scalar Chain
R- Remuneration
O- Order
I- Initiative
S- Stability Of Tenure
E- Equity
E- Espirit de corps (Team Spirit)

36. Conclusion:
Management simply means a specific process
of planning, organizing, staffing, directing
and controlling the efforts of the people who
are engaged in activities in
business organization in order to attain
predetermined objective of such organizations