The Menstrual Cycle

WEEK 3 Day 1
Lesson 11: Define Menstrual Cycle
Based from Science Exemplar
by Science Writing Team
Batangas
Ppt created by : Precy R. Umali
JZMES

1.What are the changes that occur
during puberty in females?
2.Who among the girls have been
menstruating?
review

Presenting examples/ instances of the lesson
I. Problem: What is menstrual cycle?
II. Materials: word text, group of pupils
III. Procedures:
1. Group the pupils into five.
2. Distribute the word text and give them 3-5 minutes to
read.
3. Let them answer the questions:
a. What is menstruation?
b. What is menarche?
c. Why is menstrual cycle called a cycle?
d. What are the body parts involved in it?
e. Why does menstruation happen to girls during
puberty?

Finding practical applications of concepts and skills in daily living
1. What are the things that a female
should do or prepare when
menstruation begins?
2. Teacher will demonstrate how to
put sanitary napkin on female’s
underwear.

Making generalizations and abstractions about the lesson
The menstrual cycle is the process
that prepares a woman for pregnancy.
This cycle repeats itself every 28 days
(on the average) during
the reproductive years of most
women.
Menstru means “monthly”
Menstruation is referred to as
woman’s monthly bleeding.

When you menstruate, your body
sheds the lining of the uterus called
endometrium. Menstrual blood
flows from the uterus through the
small opening in the cervix and
passes out of the body through the
vagina Most menstrual periods last
from 3 to 5 days

Evaluation
Direction : Read each statement below. Write
Yes if it is correct or No if it is not correct.
___1. Both male and female
experience menstruation when they
reach puberty.
___2. Menstruation is the shedding
of endometrium that cause blood
flow in female

___3. When female menstruates it
signals that she is capable of
reproduction.
___4. Menarche is the period when
female stops menstruating.
___5. Female should observe proper
hygiene during menstruation because
the body is ore suceptible to
infection.

Assignment
Why males should
understand all about
menstruation that occur
to female?

WEEK 3 Day 2
Lesson 12: Identify the Phases of
Menstrual Cycle
Batangas
JZMES

Review
Have 3-5 volunteers to share their assignment why males should
understand all about menstruation that occur to females.
What can
you infer
from the
diagram?

Presenting examples/ instances of the lessons

III. Procedures:
1. Group the pupils into four.
2. Distribute the diagram for each phase.
3. Each group will identify the phases of the
menstrual cycle.
*They may use the following questions as
their guide for their output.
a. How do you call each phase of menstrual
cycle?
b. From the diagram, identify the things that
happen in each phase.

Discussing new concepts and practicing new skills #1
Group presentation about the activity
Teacher will show an animation of menstrual
cycle to further discuss the lesson.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pNe43K
GZTl8
2. Teacher may entertain questions from the
pupils.

Developing mastery
1. Into how many days does
menstruation occur?
2. What is the first menstruation
called?

1. What are the beliefs that
mothers follow during the first
onset of menstruation of their
daughter?
2. Do you think it is appropriate
to follow those beliefs? Why or
Why not?

Making generalization
1.Menstruation phase-shedding of
uterine lining
2. Follicular phase-release of mature
egg cell
3. ovulation phase- travelling of the
egg in the fallopian tube
4. luteal phase- thickening of the
uterine lining.

Evaluation
Identify the menstrual phase referred to in each
statement.
Luteal phase Follicular phase
Ovulation phase Menstrual phase
____1. bleeding occurs.
____2. mature egg cell is released in
the ovary.

Luteal phase Follicular phase
Ovulation phase Menstrual phase
____3. egg cell travels in the
fallopian tube.
____4. lining of the uterus becomes
thicker.
____5. uterine lining is shedding.

Assignment:
Draw the phases of menstrual cycle
Make a diagram of the menstrual cycle
when first day of menstruation is April 5.
Use the following color codes:
Phase 1 – red
Phase 2 – yellow
Phase 3 – pink
Phase 4 – black

WEEK 3 Day 3
Lesson 13: Explain the Phases of Menstrual Cycle
Batangas
JZMES

Reviewing previous lesson or presenting the new lessons
1.Show a diagram of a menstrual cycle when the
first day of menstruation is June
2. Have them mark the fertile dates.
Present some pictures showing some beliefs about when menstruation takes place.

Present some pictures showing some beliefs about when menstruation takes place.

Establishing a purpose for the lesson
1. Prepare the class for viewing a short
video clip.
2. Flash some new words that they will
encounter from the video clip.

1. Set the objectives of watching the
video clip.
* Pupils are expected to explain the
phases of menstrual cycle
2. Pupils will be divided in small groups
of 4 or 5 members
Pupils will share information they learned
from the video clip (3
minutes).

Group presentation
Teacher will use power point
presentation explaining each phase
of menstrual cycle.

Developing mastery
Explain the phases of menstrual cycle
through group activities.
Group I - Compose a song explaining the
menstruation phase
Group II - Make a script for broadcasting
explaining follicular phase
Group III - Write a poem (1-2 stanza)
explaining the ovulation phase
Group IV - Illustrate the luteal phase of
menstrual cycle

In which phase of the
menstrual cycle is pregnancy
possible? Why?
Making generalizations and abstractions about the lesson.

1. Menstrual Phase- This is a
woman’s monthly bleeding. During
this period, some eggs begin to
mature in the ovaries. As the eggs
develop, the surrounding cells
release estrogen hormone into
bloodstream.

2.Follicular Phase- The lining of the
uterus starts to grow due to the
hormone estrogen.
The endometrium starts to
develop to receive the fertilized egg.
The follicle- stimulating hormone
(FSH), increases and in turn
stimulates the growth of the ovarian
follicles.

3.Ovulation Phase - When a mature egg
(ovum) is released from the ovarian
follicle to the nearest fallopian tube
during the menstrual cycle, ovulation
occurs. As the egg moves down the
fallopian tube over several days, the
lining of the uterus continues to grow
thicker and thicker.

It takes 3 to 4 days for the egg to travel
toward the uterus fertilization may take
place ,thus pregnancy is possible.

4. Luteal Phase- After ovulation
occurs, the follicle develops into
a hormone-producing
structure called corpus luteum, a
yellow structure in the ovary that
produces estrogen and large
amounts of progesterone.

This hormone signals the uterus to
thicken to provide nutrients for
the coming baby if in case a sperm
fertilizes the egg. If fertilization did not
take place the thickening of the uterus
breaks down and comes out of the body
through menstruation. The menstrual
cycle repeats, after approximately 28 days

Week 3 Day 4
LESSON 15: Discuss the Problems
that Occur During Menstruation
Batangas
JZMES

Show the four phases of menstrual cycle.
In which phase is pregnancy possible? Why?

What does the picture above
illustrates?
How it becomes possible for a
woman to get pregnant?

1. Show a video clip about relating
menstrual cycle to the ability of
getting pregnant.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=nLmg4wSHdxQ
2. Pupils will be asked to write the
sequence of the events of
ovulation phase up to the ability of getting
pregnant.

Pupils will post their paper strips on the
board showing the sequence
Teacher will use powerpoint
presentation to discuss the topic.

Developing mastery
Direction: Use the diagram to write the sequence
of the ability to get pregnant.
1. ___________________________________
2.
_____________________________________
3.
_____________________________________
4.
______________________________________

If sperm cell meets with the egg
cell what will happen?
Making generalizations and abstractions about the lesson
In the ovulation phase, there’s a
possibility that the adult female
may get pregnant.

As the mature egg cell leaves
the ovary, it is swept up to the
fallopian tube. In this phase, if
sperm cell meets theegg cell
fertilization will take place or
pregnancy starts.

Evaluating learning
Fill in the blank with the correct word to complete the
paragraph. Choose your answer from the box.
luteal phase, ovary, fallopian tube,
joined, pregnant
In the _______ phase of the menstrual
cycle, the ______ releases a mature egg ce
It is swept up to the ______.

Evaluating learning
Fill in the blank with the correct word to complete the
paragraph. Choose your answer from the box.
In this phase, sperm cells may enter the
female reproductive system and ______ wit
the egg cell. Fertilization will take place and
the female adult will be___________.
luteal phase, ovary, fallopian tube,
joined, pregnant

Additional activities for application or remediation
Encourage the pupils to visit the link
below as their home connection
activity.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vFfqLs
94iHc

Week 3 Day 5
LESSON 15: Discuss the Problems that Occur
During Menstruation
Batangas
JZMES

Ask if pupils were able to visit the link assigned
yesterday. Encourage volunteers to share in class
what they have learned.
Show a short skit performed by
female pupils about problems
that occur during menstruation.

Children will be asked on their prior knowledge
about the topic by completing the word web.
Problem that occur
during menstruation

From the pupils’ answer in the word web, let
them further explain their answer.
The teacher will present the different
problems that occur during
menstruation.

1.Ovarian Cyst Pain During
Menstruation
Ovarian cysts, whether simple or
complex, tend to cause pain shortly
before, during or after menstruation. If
your ovarian cyst is functional, the peri-
menstrual pain is likely to be because
your cyst is responding to the higher
concentrations of blood-borne hormones
that occur during this phase of the
menstrual cycle.

2. Absent Periods/amenorrhea-
is when you don’t get your first
period by age 16. This may be
caused by an issue with the
pituitary gland, a congenital
defect of the female reproductive
system, or a delay in puberty.

3.Heavy Periods/menorhagia -
heavy periods cause you to bleed
more than normal. You may also
have your period for longer than the
average of five to seven days.
Menorrhagia is mostly caused by
imbalances in hormone levels,
especially progesterone and
estrogen.

4.Painful Periods
/dysmenorrhea-Not only can
your period be lighter or heavier
than normal, but it can also be
painful. Cramps are normal
during PMS and they also occur
when your uterus contracts as
your period begins.

Developing mastery
Have the class play the game “What Am I”?
__1. Women experience headache,
irritability and depression with no
apparent cause. What am I?
__2. Females experience severe
menstrual cramps. What am I?
__3. Some women have irregular
menstruation but they are not
pregnant. What am I?

Suppose a 10-year old
female pupil is already
menstruating.
What should she do if she
missed her monthly period?

Many women experience different
problems during menstruation
These include menstrual pain and
discomfort, tenderness of the breasts,
headache, irritability, and depression
with no apparent cause.
All of these refer to premenstrual
stress or PMS.
Generalization

A few women experience severe
menstrual cramps called
dysmenorrhea. There are some
women who experience irregular
menstruation or lack of a menstrual
period, unless pregnant. If they
suffer from this, they have amenorrhea

Draw a heart if the phrase/word
tells problem during menstruation
and a if it is not.
_____1. abdominal cramps
_____2. hypertension
_____3. missing of menstrual period
_____4. morning sickness
_____5. emotional stress
Evaluation

Additional activities for application or remediation
Direction:
Conduct an interview to females who
are already menstruating. Ask them to
share their experiences during
their menstruation period.

The Menstrual Cycle

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