This document provides an overview of different types of non-verbal communication presented by a group. It discusses kinesics including body posture, gestures, and facial expressions with examples. It also covers proxemics, artifacts, haptics, paralanguage, environment, and silence. The presentation aims to help understand these 9 types of non-verbal communication through individual observations and examples. It concludes with questions for readers on applying this knowledge and how non-verbal behavior has changed over time.
3. Non Verbal Communication
Group 4
The presentation we have collaborated to present
will help you understand the 9 different types of
non verbal communication and examples from our
induvial observations
4. Kinesics: the study of how body movements and gestures serve as a
form of nonverbal communication.
Three elements that make up kinesics
1. Body posture
2. Gestures
3. Facial expressions
Kinesics
5. • You can almost always tell when a person is comfortable with their
surroundings just by looking at their body posture. For example, I
observed a couple eating dinner and their posture was more open and
relaxed with some slouch in the shoulders. Whereas I witnessed what
could have been a first date and the posture of both seemed more
upright and closed.
• A gesture is communicating with the body and arms. For example, one
patron walked into the restaurant I was at and nodded his head in an
upward direction which usually signifies, from my own experience, that
he is acknowledging someone that he may know
• A gesture is communicating with the body and arms. For example,
one patron walked into the restaurant I was at and nodded his
head in an upward direction which usually signifies, from my own
experience, that he is acknowledging someone that he may know
Examples of Kinesics
6. messages are frequently the first way we form perceptions of others when we meet
them.
Physical Appearance
“People will make judgments before you
even speak based on the way you look.
Most definitely your physical appearance
matters The way you dress, your hygiene-
it all matters.” Jonathan Adler
A person who is well groomed, dressed
nice and clean with a smile gives off more
confidence than a person who is scruffy,
with messy hair and dirty messy clothes.
Facial features and expressions aside from
clothes are the most noticeable parts of a
persons physical appearance.
People who tend to look like the guy on
the left in the picture tend to have a more
positive vibe to them. Just like the saying
my mother always said, you look how you
feel.
7. Artifacts are personal objects that we use to
indicate to others important information
about our self.
• Main artifacts people focus on our
clothing, jewelry, purses, briefcases, body
piercings and tattoos.
• People tend to use artifacts as a form of
identity to express their selves or flaunt
their wealth.
• Artifacts can also have a cultural meaning
behind them.
• “To me, clothing is a form of self-
expression- there are hints about who
you are in what you wear.” – Marc Jacobs
Artifacts
8. Nico-
I noticed a woman walk in wearing a white dress suit with
her hair put up and she was hold a large black notebook. She talked
to the hostess and than sat herself down and started writing in her
book. She was alone and after a few minutes a manager shook hands
with her and sat across her & began to talk. I noticed how the
woman was doing most of the talking and was turning her book to
show him whatever was written down. The manager had a very
tense look on his face and continuously cupping his hands together. I
could tell this was some sort of business meeting possible with a
higher up corporate person. The lady controlled the conversation
and you could see she had a very firm professional presence and
posture about her. By the outfit she was wearing and the artifact she
was holding I could tell she came on business reasons.
Examples of Artifacts
9. A type of nonverbal communication focused on touching
• Touch provided direct contact and communication with the other
person; Touch can be categorized in many terms such as positive,
playful, control, ritualistic, task-related or unintentional
•
Haptic communication involves: High-fives, handshakes, hugging,
brushing up again another person, etc. Any type of physical touch
involving another person
•
Touch carries distinct characteristics and can help distinguish
intensity of emotions; fear, anger, happiness, love, arousal, gaining
attention of another, sympathy, etc.
•
Haptics can be different between different groups of people
depending on culture, gender, age.
Haptics
10. Two unique qualities about Haptics that separate it from other
forms of communication are that touch is the most ‘real’ way
to sense the world around us and touch is a very emotional
type of communication.
• 4 types
• Functional/professional
• Social/polite
• Friendship/warmth
• Love/intimacy
• Sexual arousal
Haptics
11. • Webster definition: optional vocal
effects (such as tone of voice) that
accompany or modify the phonemes
of an utterance and that may
communicate meaning
• Paralanguage is the area of non-verbal
communication that emphasizes body
language and voice nuances as means
of expressing thoughts and feelings.
• examples are intonation, pitch and
speed of speaking, hesitation noises,
gesture, and facial expression
tone of voice, laughter, and,
sometimes, gestures and facial
expressions, that accompany speech
and convey further meaning.
• About 70% of people communicate
using paralanguage without realizing it.
Paralanguage
12. The context in how we communicate that influence how
we act and feel.
The way things are displayed, the lighting, color of the
paint in a room, the way tables are arranged, music being
played. All of these things can create a friendly, distant,
formal, informal, or intimate climate.
Environmental Factors
13. The location that was used for this observation was a
restaurant. The environment at this restaurant was colorful
and reflected the Hispanic culture through the paintings on the
wall, plants placed in the foyer and the music being played.
This environment provided an uplifting experience to those
within it. The group of friends that were observed sat down
and within minutes were upbeat and excited.
Examples of Environment
14. Proxemics: communicating with one another by
the positioning of the body.
Three main elements of Proxemics
1. Geography Territory
2. Personal Space
3. Body Angling
Proxemics
15. Geographic territory consists of
Primary territory: personal area such as bedroom,
study or den. A place you may feel most comfortable.
Secondary territory: neutral places such as bars,
restaurants, and clubs.
Public territory: A neutral area such as a park.
Interaction territory: A temporary private space such as
a car or break room.
Proxemics
16. Personal space consists of
Intimate: touching to 10 inches close. Usually between
close family and friends.
Casual-personal: 18 inches to four feet. Would take
place during an informal conversations with friends.
Social-consultative: four to twelve feet. Would be used
during formal interactions.
Public: addressing groups of people
Body angling
how your body is positioned when interacting with individuals.
Are you facing them or are you standing side by side with
whom you’re interacting with.
Proxemics
17. The Study of how time affects communication
Time has several categories
• Biological : Rhythms of life
Example: When we eat, sleep and wake
Personal : How an individual experiences time which
varies based on our interest level, mood, and other
factors
Physical : The fixed cycles of years, days and seasons
Cultural : How a large group views time
Chronemics
18. Through observing interactions at a restaurant I went to I noticed people
would talk before ordering but not while eating. This would be a biological
affect. Some people do talk while they are eating, but most do not and wait
until they finish the meal to continue conversation.
Although I did not witness anyone in a hurry during my observations, I have
heard stories from friends they had to cut short a lunch with friends due to
their schedule. Time is money as a lot of people have said, this most
certainly would have an affect on getting coffee with friends or even going
out for food as the person with other plans related to earning their income
may rush through the interaction.
Examples of Chronemics
19. any absence from communication or hearing
Three main reasons to use silence in your communication:
1. Communicate better
2. Hear what is really being said
3. Reach a resolution faster
Communication is simply about conveying a message, and silence can
do it better than words
• Spiritually, science can be understood as the language of the soul. Excellent
communicators can allow silence when its effective or called for.
• Silence can be used as partial or total communication and refers to no
sounds by anyone in a particular area. Context plays an important role in
silence when it comes to interpreting its meaning.
Silence
20. 1) How are you going to use what you learned
from this assignment in your interactions
with others?
2) Why does society still judge artifacts like
tattoos, body piercings & hair color?
3) How do you feel the dynamics of non verbal
behavior has changed in the last decade?
Questions to our readers
21. Adler, Jonathan. (n.d). Quotehd.com. Retrieved August 1, 2017 from
Quotehd.com web site: http://www.quotehd.com/quotes/jonathan-adler-
quote-people-will-make-judgments-before-you-even-speak-based-on
Bureau, F. (2013, November 25). The Power of Silence in Effective
Communication. Retrieved August 08, 2017, from
http://www.freepressjournal.in/education/the-power-of-silence-in-
effective-communication/257667
Burgoon, J. K., Floyd, K., & Guerrero, L. K. (2010). Nonverbal communication
theories of interaction adaptation. In The handbook of communication
science. SAGE Publications Inc..
Jones, R. G. (2013). Communication in the real world: an introduction to
communication studies. Irvington, NY: Flat World Knowledge.
Haptics: The use of touch in communication. (n.d.). Retrieved August 08,
2017, from http://bodylanguageproject.com/the-only-book-on-body-
language-that-everybody-needs-to-read/haptics-the-use-of-touch-in-
communication/
References
22. Haptics. (n.d.). Retrieved August 08, 2017, from http://www.study-
body-language.com/haptics.html#sthash.s2m2uaBO.dpbs.
HECHT, M. L., & HOOBLER, G. D. (2002). Nonverbal communication across
cultures. Handbook of international and intercultural communication, 89.
Kinesic Communication. (n.d.). Retrieved from
http://changingminds.org/explanations/behaviors/body_language/k
inesic.htm
Pennycook, A. (1985). Actions speak louder than words: Paralanguage,
communication, and education. Tesol Quarterly, 19(2), 259-282.
Proxemic Communication. (n.d.). Retrieved from
http://changingminds.org/explanations/behaviors/body_language/proxemi
cs.htm
Kinetics picture- Google search. (n.d). Retrieved August 7, 2017
References
23. Paralanguage picture-Google search. (n.d). Retrieved August 8, 2017
Physical appearanc picture – Google Search. (n.d). Retrieved August 1, 2017
Smith, K. (2014, October 06). Silence: The Secret Communication Tool.
Retrieved August 08, 2017, from
https://psychcentral.com/blog/archives/2014/10/06/silence-the-secret-
communication-tool
Jacobs, Marc. (n.d). Pinterest.com Retrieved August 1, 2017 from
Pinterest.com web site:
https://www.pinterest.com/pin/4433299611337638
Proxemics picture-Google search. (n.d). Retrieved August 7, 2017
Starbucks dress code picture- Google Search. (n.d) Retrieved August 1, 2017
References
