This slide was presented at Augmented Human 2017 long papers session. http://www.ah2017.com Design Method for Gushed Light Field: Aerosol-Based Aerial and Instant Display http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/3041164.3041170 【Project page】 http://digitalnature.slis.tsukuba.ac.jp/2016/08/glf/ 【Project movie】 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LOpch4XHDJc 【Presenter】 Ippei Suzuki (鈴木 一平) University of Tsukuba, School of Informatics College of Media Arts, Science and Technology Digital Nature Group (Yoichi Ochiai) http://1heisuzuki.tumblr.com/about 【Abstract】 We present a new method to render aerial images using aerosol-based fog screens. Conventional fog screens are easily affected by air flow, and their fog generators occupy large areas. In this study, we propose to add new tradeoffs between the display time and the payloads. We employ aerosol distribution from off-the-shelf sprays as a fog screen that can resist wind and has high portability. Results showed that the minimum weight of the entire system is approximately 600 g including all components, the screen raise time is approximately 0.5s, the disappearance time is approximately 0.4 s, and the maximum wind speed at which we can project images is approximately 10 m/s. We conducted user studies on wearable applications, aerial imaging with a drone or radio-controlled model car, multi-viewpoint display, and a display embedded in the environment. This study will contribute to the exploration of new application areas for fog displays, and will augment expressions of entertainment and interactivity.

1. Ippei Suzuki Undergraduate Student, University of Tsukuba
Shuntarou Yoshimitsu, Keisuke Kawahara, Nobutaka Ito,
Atsushi Shinoda, Akira Ishii, Takatoshi Yoshida, Yoichi Ochiai
Gushed Light Field
Aerosol-Based Aerial and Instant Display
Design Method for
U n i v e r s i t y o f Ts u k u b a , Yo i c h i O c h i a i L a b o r a t o r y

3. How can we build lightweight midair display?
Introduction
3

4. Ismo Rakkolainen et al. “The interactive fogscreen” 2005
Introduction
4
Siggraph 2005 - The Interactive Fogscreen
https://youtu.be/RfmSJQuhlk4

5. Introduction
5
Fog screen is for…
Fixed
Large
Long time
"Fogscreen at N-Gage booth" by Ville Miettinen (CC BY-NC 2.0)
https://flic.kr/p/dNkBS
Display

6. Large
Heavy
Movable
Introduction
6
Fog generator is …
“FogScreen downloads”
http://www.3dtv-research.org/publicDocs/showCase/rakkolainen/fogscreen.html
110kg (245lbs)
110cm (3.6 ft)

7. Introduction
7“FogScreen Projection screen for Hire” (CC BY 2.0)
https://flic.kr/p/9uejWK

8. Large
Heavy
Movable
How can we build lightweight midair fog display?
Small
Light
Movable
We need generator such as…
Introduction
8

9. Introduction
9
Aerosol Spray

10. Introduction
10
vs.Display time Weight

11. Introduction
11
Display time Weight<
In this study…

12. Introduction — Summary of Contribution
12
1. Evaluate an aerosol spray as a screen
2. Provide a design and fabrication method
for the aerosol-based display
3. Enables the exploration of
new application areas &
expands the expression of fog display

13. Related Work
13
Passive Midair Display Free-Floating Display

14. Racing car is track. Dust. (Free photobank torange.biz) / ©torange.biz (CC BY 4.0)
Fog
Water dropsDisplay Composed of Water Drops; Eitoku et al. 2006
Bubbles
Dust
Foam beads
Related Work — Passive Midair Display
14

15. Related Work — Passive Midair Display
15“FogScreen downloads”
http://www.3dtv-research.org/publicDocs/showCase/rakkolainen/fogscreen.html
Display Composed of Water Drops
Eitoku et al. 2006
Fog screen
Rakkolainen et al. 2002
The Information Percolator
Heiner et al. 1999

16. Related Work — Passive Midair Display
16“FogScreen downloads”
http://www.3dtv-research.org/publicDocs/showCase/rakkolainen/fogscreen.html
Display Composed of Water Drops
Eitoku et al. 2006
Fog screen
Rakkolainen et al. 2002
The Information Percolator
Heiner et al. 1999
Suited for
Static & long-tern display
But NOT suited for moving applications…
Not enough small, heavy

17. 17
“Flying Display” Nozaki 2014
“BitDrones” Gomes et al. 2016 “Midair Displays” Schneegass et al. 2014
Related Work — Free-Floating Display

18. Implementation — Overview
18

19. Implementation — Overview
19
SpraySpraySpray
ServoServoServo
ArduinoArduinoArduino
MirrorMirrorMirror
ProjectorProjectorProjector
Raspberry PiRaspberry PiRaspberry Pi
Nozzle Actuator

20. Implementation — Aerosol Sprays
20
111 mm 175 mm
Cooling spray
70 ml
Isopentane, LPG
Deodorant spray
280 ml
Fatty acid salt-based deodorant,
Quaternaty ammonium compounds,
Ethanol , LPG

21. Implementation — Spray Nozzles
21
Nozzles for cooling spray Nozzles for deodorant spray
Nozzles for graffiti Nozzles for graffiti

22. Implementation — Spray Nozzles
22
Graffiti (spray painting)

23. Implementation — Spray Actuator
23

24. Implementation — Computer
24
Spray
Laser projector
Servo
Video signal
USB serial
Pin conectorPin conector
Mirror
Servo
Raspberry Pi
Arduino
http://www.raspberrypi.org
https://www.arduino.cc

25. Implementation — Projector
25
Portable Laser Projector
seeser m1
WXGA (800 × 480)
Up to 25 ANSI lumens
60 × 118 × 20 mm
148.5 g
2 hours battery life
http://amzn.asia/4oy1hX4

26. Implementation — Projector
26
Servo-Controlled Mirror
Earn projection distance
ON/OFF Lights
Make height shorter
Mirror
ProjectorProjector Projector

27. Implementation — Overview
27
SpraySpraySpray
ServoServoServo
ArduinoArduinoArduino
MirrorMirrorMirror
ProjectorProjectorProjector
Raspberry PiRaspberry PiRaspberry Pi
Nozzle Actuator

28. Evaluation — Viewing Angle
28
0°
90°
0°
(a) (b) (c)
10° 20° 30° 40°
Cam
Source
Projector Distribution
±10°

29. Evaluation — Spray Patterns
29

30. Evaluation — Spray Patterns
30
(a)
10cm
5cm 10cm 15cm 20cm 25cm 30cm
(b)
(c)
(d)

31. Evaluation — Spray Patterns
(a)
10cm
5cm 10cm 15cm 20cm 25cm 30cm
(b)
(c)
(d)
31

32. Evaluation — Spray Patterns
(a)
10cm
5cm 10cm 15cm 20cm 25cm 30cm
(b)
(c)
(d)
32
High density near nozzles but short

33. Evaluation — Spray Patterns
(a)
10cm
5cm 10cm 15cm 20cm 25cm 30cm
(b)
(c)
(d)
33
When it is attached to
a small & low-pressure spray,
the width becomes narrow
Optimal

34. Evaluation — Length of distribution
34

35. 35
(a) (b) (c)
Laser source
50cm 50cm
(c) (d)
50cm 50cm
*Photos are lighten composed 15 frames.
Evaluation — Length of distribution

36. 36
(a) (b) (c)
Laser source
50cm 50cm
(c) (d)
50cm 50cm
*Photos are lighten composed 15 frames.
Longest, moderately wide
Not steady with small spray
Evaluation — Length of distribution

37. 37
(a) (b) (c)
Laser source
50cm 50cm
(c) (d)
50cm 50cm
*Photos are lighten composed 15 frames.
Narrow, short
Evaluation — Length of distribution

38. 38
(a) (b) (c)
Laser source
50cm 50cm
(c) (d)
50cm 50cm
*Photos are lighten composed 15 frames.
Evaluation — Length of distribution

39. 39
Evaluation — Wind Tolerance

40. Evaluation — Wind Tolerance
40
Gushed from above
Gushed from bottom
6 m/s 10 m/s 11 m/s
Wind
Wind

41. Evaluation — Response Speed
41
Rise: 0.5s Disappearance: 0.4s

42. 42
Evaluation — Display Time
Continuous (non-stop)

43. 43
Evaluation — Display Time
Continuous (non-stop)

44. 44
Evaluation — Display Time
1 sec Gush & 1 sec Interval

45. 45
Evaluation — Display Time
1 sec Gush & 1 sec IntervalContinuous (non-stop)

46. 46
Evaluation — Display Time
1 sec Gush & 1 sec IntervalContinuous (non-stop)

47. Application — Wearable Display
47

48. Application — w/ Drone
48

49. Application — w/ Drone
49

50. Application — w/ Radio-Controlled Model Car
50

51. Application — Embedded in Environment
51
Photo by Keisuke Yasuda

52. Application — Embedded in Environment
52

53. Application — Multi-viewpoints
53[Reference] “360degreee fog projection interactive display” Yagi et al. 2011

54. Discussion — Safety Issue
54
Fire in Axe (Bodyspray)
https://youtu.be/pWXfftugSBQ
Spray contains
Flammable gas (e.g., LPG)
*This video is for illustration purposes.

55. Discussion — Safety Issue
55

56. Discussion — Spray Performance
56
More tolerance for wind
More large display area
Higher pressure…
Shorter display time, Heavier spray
But…

57. Discussion — Spray Performance
57
Fabricate nozzles & spray
Use properly according to the application
In future work…

58. Discussion — Narrow Viewing Angle
58
Control drone/mirrors
based on results of simulation
In future work…

59. Conclusion — Summary of Contribution
59
1. Evaluate an aerosol spray as a screen
2. Provide a design and fabrication method
for the aerosol-based display
3. Enables the exploration of
new application areas &
expands the expression of fog display

60. Research Group
60
Ippei Suzuki
University of Tsukuba
Shuntarou Yoshimitsu
Waseda University
Keisuke Kawahara
University of Tsukuba
Nobutaka Ito
The University of Tokyo
Atushi Shinoda
University of Tsukuba
Akira Ishii
University of Tsukuba
Takatoshi Yoshida
The University of Tokyo
Prof. Yoichi Ochiai
University of Tsukuba

61. Special Thanks
61
Takanari Kawasumi
Technical support for Drone

62. Special Thanks
62
Contributors
via Crowdfunding project
https://readyfor.jp

63. Ippei Suzuki Undergraduate Student, University of Tsukuba
Shuntarou Yoshimitsu, Keisuke Kawahara, Nobutaka Ito,
Atsushi Shinoda, Akira Ishii, Takatoshi Yoshida, Yoichi Ochiai
Gushed Light Field
Aerosol-Based Aerial and Instant Display
Design Method for
U n i v e r s i t y o f Ts u k u b a , Yo i c h i O c h i a i L a b o r a t o r y