[db tech showcase Tokyo 2016] E34: Oracle SE - RAC, HA and Standby are Still Available. Even Cloud! by Dbvisit Software Limited Chris Lawless

© 2015 Dbvisit Software Limited | dbvisit.com
Oracle SE – RAC, HA and Standby are Still Available.
Even Cloud!

Introduction
Chris Lawless @ChrisDbvisit
•  Technical presenter at OOW, IOUG, UKOUG & NZ user groups
•  Senior Principle PM @ GoldenGate before and after Oracle acquisition
•  Senior Instructor for Oracle at Oracle University for Oracle database
•  +15 years in Oracle world
•  Co-author of ‘Oracle Data Integration: Tools for Harnessing Data’
法律のない

About Dbvisit
The Facts
•  Based in New Zealand with sales offices in US and Europe
•  Used in 110+ Countries
•  Already trusted by 1,000+ Companies
•  Product Engineers with DBA Experience
Our Focus:
•  Dedicated software development company
•  Oracle database replication is our playground
•  Worldwide leader in DR solutions for Oracle Standard Edition

Agenda
•  Oracle Database Editions
•  Basic Concepts
•  What about HA and DR?
•  Cloud
•  Licensing the easy way
•  Restrictions

Oracle Enterprise Edition
is in a league of its own!
Oracle Enterprise Edition or Standard Edition?
BUT, do not forget about its
little brother Standard Edition, it
punches above its weight!

There are many editions…
Which one should I use?

Database Editions - Classification
Many “classify” them as follows:
Personal Edition : Single User
Express Edition (XE) : Free Entry Level
Standard Edition One
(SE1)
: Small
Standard Edition (SE /
SE2)
: Small to Medium
Enterprise Edition (EE) : Large Enterprise

Some Differences
Database
Features
1
SE1
SE/SE2

EE

Maximum
CPU’s
2
CPU
Sockets
4
CPU
Sockets
(SE)

2
CPU
Sockets
(SE2)

No
Limit

Oracle
Real
Applica@on
Clusters
(RAC)
✗
✔
Free
with
SE/SE2

✔
(Extra
License
Cost

Op<on)
Oracle
Data
Guard
✗
(3rd
party
op<ons
available)

✗
(3rd
party
op<ons
available)

✔
Flashback
(Table,
Database,
Transac@on)
✗ ✗
✔
Parallel
Op@ons
(Parallel
Query,
Stats
Gathering,

Index
Building
and
Parallel
Data
Pump)

✗
✗
✔
Automa@c
Workload
Repository
✗
(Statspack,
Confio
Ignite
etc.

is
available)

✗
(Statspack,
Confio
Ignite
etc.

is
available)

✔
(Extra
License
Cost

Op<on)
1
The
table
provides
a
summary
of
database
features,
a
full
detail
lis@ng
can
be
found
in
the
Oracle
online
documenta@on.
Note
that
parallel
and
flashback
include
a
number
of
op@ons
not

listed
above.

Differences Between Database Editions
Oracle Documentation
Oracle Support Notes
–  269040.1 (9i)
–  465465.1 (10g)
–  465460.1 (11g)
–  1628809.1 (12c)

Before we can begin talking about HA and DR we need to
talk about Business Continuity.
That means RPO and RTO.

Before thinking about RTO and RPO… you need to think of
the business impact.
Asking the business about downtime and the loss of your
‘precious’ business data.
Business Continuity

Point in time in the past to which you will recover.
Think of this as … how much data can you reasonably
lose?
Recovery Point Objective (RPO)

Recovery Time of Objective (RTO)
The point in time in the future when you will be running
again.
Think of this as amount of downtime.

RPO RTO
DISASTER!
Potential data loss
Downtime

High Availability
‘CIO’s dream and a DBA’s nightmare’
•  Clustered system that enables continuous system service when one part of the
system fails.
•  Having in place a duplicate set of business processes, and a method with which
to implement them, in the event of catastrophic failure.
Disaster Recovery

High Availability vs. Disaster Recovery
Local Geographically diverse
No downtime Little downtime
No data loss Expected amount of data loss (RPO)
Cluster Independent secondary database
No replication required Replication inherent
Utilising all hardware Idle hardware

What about HA and DR?
What options are you thinking about?
•  Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC)

Why Install Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC)
•  Performance
•  Increased throughput
•  High availability

Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC)

Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC)
SE and Oracle RAC
–  Included from 10g
–  Socket Limitations:
•  4 Sockets in Cluster (SE)
•  2 Sockets in Cluster (SE2)
–  16 Threads in total (8 threads per instance)
–  3rd Party clusterware not supported
–  ASM must be used
–  Cluster file systems not supported for database files
•  ACFS now supports database files (12.1.0.2 – EE)

What about HA and DR?
What options are you considering?
•  Standby Databases

What about Disaster Recovery?
Can Standard Edition Provide DR?
Yes… a quick, easy answer!

The Core of Disaster Recovery
Can be implemented using:
•  Custom Scripts
•  Third Party Products
–  Dbvisit (Global)
–  Up to Data (Germany)
–  YDC (Japan)
–  Red Partner (Latin America)Standby Databases

•  Custom Scripts
–  Not Generic
–  Version compatible?
–  Does everyone know the code?
–  Maintenance
–  Lack of testing
Picture

Third Party Products
•  Dbvisit (Global)
•  Up to Data (Germany)
•  YDC (Japan)
•  Red Partner (Latin America)

PRIMARY SITE SECONDARY SITE(S)
PRIMARY
DATABASE
STANDBY
DATABASE
LOG EXTRACT
1 TRANSPORT
2 LOG APPLY
3
Archived

Logs

Third Party

Backup and Recovery
•  Backup and Recovery
–  RMAN
–  Data Pump (exp/imp)

What is RMAN?
•  Oracle Recovery Manager – RMAN
•  I see it as a “safety net” for DBAs
•  Helps you to be prepared for disasters
–  Natural
–  Human
–  Hardware
•  Even if you have a standby database you still need backups!
–  What-if:
•  Both primary/standby is lost
•  Logical corruption replicates through to your standby

RMAN helps you protect what is important
•  Database Files
•  Archive Logs
•  Control Files
•  Server Parameter Files
Do
not
forget
about
Oracle
SoUware
and
Opera@ng
System

A bit of RMAN new features
•  Key Improvements in 12c
–  SQL Commands in RMAN !!!
–  Table Recovery (Auxiliary instance used)
–  Improved Active Duplication (backup sets)
–  Network-Enabled Restore (restore datafile from standby or primary)
–  Improved multisection backup options (Incremental Backups and Image Copies)
–  Fast Standby database synchronization (Using Services)
–  Multi-tenancy support
–  Cross-Platform Backup/Restore

Recovery Manager (RMAN)
•  Limitations:
–  No parallel backup option (Multiple channels)*
–  No encryption
–  No use of Block Change tracking for fast incremental backups
* DBMS_PARALLEL_EXECUTIVE possible workaround

Archivelog vs. No-Archivelog Mode
•  No-Archivelog Mode:
–  Only Cold backups
•  Database is shutdown when performing backup – downtime!!
–  Other … kind of backup methods include:
•  export/import
•  datapump
•  Archivelog Mode
–  Online Redo logs are archived following a log switch
–  Required for Online Backups
•  No Downtime
–  Note: Does require extra disk space!
–  Make sure you have sufficient redo log groups
SQL> connect / as sysdba
SQL> archive log list;
SQL> select log_mode from v$database;
SQL> show parameter recovery
SQL> shutdown immediate;
SQL> startup mount
SQL> alter database archivelog;
SQL> shutdown immediate;
SQL> startup
SQL> archive log list
SQL> select log_mode from v$database;

Data Pump
•  Better control on the job running – it provides features like start, stop, restart
•  Failed jobs can be restarted
•  Backup jobs can be monitored
•  Supports the export/import operations over the network. The
NETWORK_LINK parameter initiate the export using a database link.
•  V$session_longops view can be used for the time estimation for the data
pump jobs
•  It supports interactive mode that allows the dba to monitor or interact with
ongoing jobs

Data Pump
Limitations:
•  The value of PARALLEL is restricted to 1 in the Standard Edition of
Oracle Database.
•  Cannot use Block-Level media recovery
•  Dumps can not be compressed
•  Data can not be encrypted
Careful if you are exporting from EE to SE.
–  There may be objects that are not supported in SE.
•  Bitmap indexes etc

Backups
Test Test Test Test!!

Logical Data Replication
•  Backup and Recovery
–  RMAN
–  Data Pump (exp/imp)
•  Logical Data Replication

Logical Data Replication Options
•  Streams*
•  Oracle GoldenGate
•  Dell Shareplex
•  Dbvisit Replicate
•  Attunity Replicate
*Streams only supports synchronous capture in Oracle SE.
*Streams is deprecated in Oracle 12c.

•  Standby Database
•  Backup and Recovery (RMAN)
•  Oracle RAC
•  Flashback Database
•  Data Pump
•  Logical Replication
Do I need Enterprise Edition for these options?
EE
SE/SE2
SE1

✔ ✔Ÿ ✔Ÿ
✔ ✔ ✔
✔ ✔Ÿ ✗

✔ ✗
✗

✔ ✔Ÿ ✔
✔ ✔ ✔
•  Restric(ons
apply

Cloud

Cloud
•  Standard Edition works on:
–  Oracle Cloud
–  Amazon AWS
–  Microsoft Azure
–  Rackspace
–  Other Providers
Basically any platform that you can install Oracle you can Install Oracle SE2.

Cloud
Uses for the CLOUD:
•  Run production
•  Run test
•  Run QA
•  Run Reporting in the CLOUD
•  Run DR in the CLOUD
Any use of EE in the cloud… can run on SE2.

Oracle Licensing

Licensing – Know the Basics
Two Main License Options:
–  Named User Plus (NUP) License
–  Oracle Processor License
Oracle Named User Plus (NUP)
–  Think of it as: 1 User = 1 License
–  Rule of thumb; > 50 users, review Processor License
–  Remember the minimums
•  SE1 and SE - 5 Users for Company
•  SE2 – 10 per server
•  EE - 25 Users per Oracle Processor License (not per socket)

Licensing – Know the Basics
•  Oracle Processor License
–  For SE/1/2
•  Look at Physical Sockets, not CPU Cores!
•  1 Oracle Processor = 1 Socket
–  For EE
•  Count ALL CPU Cores
•  Review the “Oracle Processor Core Factor Table”
•  Example:
–  Intel Xeon Quad Core CPU Factor is 0.5
–  Oracle Processor License = 4 Cores x 0.5
–  Oracle Processor License Required = 2

Restrictions of Standard Edition
Yes, it is important to know the limitations!

•  CPU Limitation
–  SE1
•  max. 2 CPU Sockets
–  SE
•  max. 4 CPU Sockets
–  SE2
•  Max. 2 CPU Sockets
–  Thread Limit:
–  16 Threads
–  8 Threads per Instance (If RAC used)

•  Some Features not available:
–  Flashback Database
–  Parallel Options example (parallel backups, query etc)
–  Block change tracking for fast incremental backups
–  Online Index Rebuilding
–  Automatic Workload Repository (extra license options)
–  Online Datafile Move (12c)
–  Cross-platform Backup and Recovery (12c)

License Options NOT Available with SE
•  Partitioning
•  Advanced Security
•  Advanced Compression
•  Diagnostics Pack
•  Tuning Pack
•  Active Data Guard
•  Real Application Testing
•  Multi-Tenancy (only 1 PDB in SE)

Licensing – Recommended Reading
Oracle Processor Core Factor Table
•  http://www.oracle.com/us/corporate/contracts/processor-core-factor-table-070634.pdf
Oracle Software Investment Guide
•  http://www.oracle.com/us/corporate/pricing/sig-070616.pdf

Conclusion
•  Oracle Enterprise Edition is truly amazing BUT
•  Don’t forget about its little brother “Oracle Standard Edition”, review
–  High Availablity
•  Oracle RAC is possible
–  Disaster Recovery
•  Standby Databases is possible
–  Performance Tuning and Diagnostics
•  With 3rd Party products is possible
–  Parallelism
•  Some workaround possible
•  Yes, there are shortages / missing options
rd

[db tech showcase Tokyo 2016] E34: Oracle SE - RAC, HA and Standby are Still Available. Even Cloud! by Dbvisit Software Limited Chris Lawless

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[db tech showcase Tokyo 2016] E34: Oracle SE - RAC, HA and Standby are Still Available. Even Cloud! by Dbvisit Software Limited Chris Lawless