Presentation by Kristina Roesel at the PigRisk project outcome mapping and in-depth survey workshop, Hanoi, Vietnam, 18 June 2013.

1. Rapid integrated assessment of
food safety and nutrition: Context
Kristina Roesel
Presented at the PigRisk project outcome
mapping and in-depth survey workshop
Hanoi, Vietnam, 18 June 2013

2. Outline
1. Brief recap of ILRI’s value chain work
2. Brief recap on the rapid integrated
assessment project
3. Results: rapid assessment of pigs in Uganda
4. In-depth work on questionnaires

3. CGIAR mandate since ~40 years:
agricultural research for poverty alleviation
Criticism: Traditional approach was piecemeal with little impact!
Past research has focused specific aspects
of given value chains, commodities and country.
Inputs & Services
Production
Processing
Marketing
Consumers
...in Country A
Inputs & Services
Production
Processing
Marketing
Consumers
Marketing
Consumers
Marketing
Consumers
...in Country B
Inputs & Services
Production
Processing
...in Country C
Inputs & Services
Production
...in Country D
Processing

4. Since 2012: Focus on integrated value chains for
bigger impact . . .
•
Launch of CGIAR Research Programs
http://www.cgiarfund.org/research_portfolio
•
Multi-centre, multi-partner, multi-disciplinary
R4D integrated to transform selected value chains
In targeted commodities and countries.
Inputs & Services
Production
Processing
Marketing
Value chain development team + research partners
Consumers

5. More milk, meat, and fish
by and for the poor
(CGIAR Research Program on Livestock and Fish)
Goal: increasing production/productivity for food security
in 9 selected value chains

6. SHEEP & GOATS
AQUACULTURE
PIGS
DAIRY

7. CGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for
Nutrition and Health
•
3 components around human
nutrition (IFPRI-led)
•
1 component on prevention
and control of agricultural
associated diseases (ILRI-led)
•
•
•
•
•
Food safety
Neglected zoonoses
Emerging infectious diseases
Ecohealth/One Health
Integrated programs &
harmonized policies
https://aghealth.wordpress.com/

8. Since 2012:
Value chain assessment
Taylor and Rushton (2011)
8

9. Rapid integrated assessment
of food safety and nutrition:
The generic toolkit

10. Rapid integrated assessment
of food safety and nutrition (RIA)
• June - November 2012 development of a generic set
of tools for the integrated assessment of food safety
and nutrition in livestock value chains
• Collaboration with Royal Veterinary College (RVC)
• Funded by ACIAR
• Now applied in 6 livestock value chains (4 under
Safe Food, Fair Food project)

11. Objectives:
• To assist rapid integrated assessment of food
safety, zoonoses and nutrition in informal
livestock value chains as one facet of a
comprehensive value chain assessment
•
•
•
•
feeds, breeds
market access
animal health, food safety/zoonoses/nutrition
enabling environment
• To report to livestock value chain managers
11

12. Key outputs:
•
•
•
Systematic literature review on zoonotic hazards
Situational analysis of enabling environment
Qualitative (rapid) assessment
• knowledge, attitudes, practices and incentives (KAPI)
•
Quantitative assessment
• prevalence survey of selected hazards
• questionnaire survey with value chain actors
•
Identification of critical control points and
suggestions for risk mitigation
12

13. 4 phases of RIA:
1. Collection of secondary data
2. Qualitative assessment: participatory appraisals,
focus group discussions, key informant
interviews
3. Quantitative assessment: questionnaire survey
and biological sampling
4. Feedback to communities and stakeholders

14. Key research questions I/III:
• Food safety
•
•
What are the main hazards likely to be present in
the value chain?
What risks do these hazards pose to value chain
actors?
• Food and nutrition security
•
•
What is the role of the animal-source food in
question in diets of poor farmers and consumers?
What is the relationship between livestock keeping
and livestock eating?
14

15. Key research questions II/III:
• Combined food safety and nutritional issues
• How does nutritional quality and food safety
change along the value chain?
• What are the trade-offs?
• Are there trade-offs/synergies between feeds
and foods?
• How do the different animal-source food value
chains compare in meeting nutrition and food
safety needs?
• How is value chain development likely to affect
food safety and nutrition?
15

16. Key research questions III/III:
• Social and gender determinants of health and
nutrition
•
•
•
Who gets the nutritional benefits and bears the
risk of animal source foods?
How do gender roles and poverty invluence health
and nutrition risks?
How do cultural practices affect health and
nutrition risks?
• Trends and possible interventions
• How (and at which point of the value chain)
could investments enhance consumption of
nutrients and decrease health risk?
16

17. In Uganda and Vietnam, we have
completed phase 1 and 2

18. The quantitative assessment,
questionnaire survey (and biological sampling)
• Producer
• Trader (live pigs/pig products)
• Bulking point (slaughter)
• Retailer
• Consumer

19. Producer questionnaire,
12 modules:
A. House hold information
B. Maternal dietary diversity
C. Child dietary diversity
D. Animal source food and nutrition
E. Food security
http://www.fantaproject.org/downloads/pdfs/HFIAS_v3_Aug07.pdf
F. Production
G. Time trade-offs

20. Producer questionnaire,
12 modules:
H. Inputs
I.
Food hygiene, consumption amounts and frequencies
J. KAPI: Knowledge, Attitude, Practice and Incentives for
change
K. Health/cost of illness
L. Observation checklist

21. Transporter questionnaire,
4 modules:
A. Value chain actor information
B. Origin and destination of pigs/pork
C. Transport (of live animals and pig products)
D. Observation checklist

22. Bulking point (slaughter) questionnaire,
6 modules:
A. Value chain actor information
B. Inputs and outputs
C. Live animals (ante mortem)
D. Slaughter process
E. Knowledge, attitudes and practices
F. Observation checklist

23. Retailer questionnaire,
7 modules:
A. Value chain actor information
B. Supply network
C. Transport
D. Customers, processing, preparation, handling and sales
(fresh pork/ processed pork)
E. Human health
F. Knowledge, attitude, practice
G. Observation checklist

24. Consumer questionnaire,
7 modules:
A. Household information
B. Maternal dietary diversity
C. (Index) child dietary diversity
D. Availability, accessibility and substitution
E. Food security
F. Knowledge, attitude, practice
G. Health information

25. Contact:
Kristina Roesel
Project coordinator “Safe Food, Fair Food”
ILRI Kampala
https://safefoodfairfood.wordpress.com/
www.ilri.org
The presentation has a Creative Commons licence. You are free to re-use or distribute this work, provided credit is given to ILRI.

26. Acknowledgements
• Addis Ababa University (AAU), Ethiopia
• Agricultural Research Institute of Mozambique (IIAM)
• Association for Strengthening Agricultural Research in Eastern and Central
Africa (ASARECA)
• Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoire (CSRS)
• Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH), Switzerland
• Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Germany (BfR)
• Freie Universität Berlin (FUB), Germany
• German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development
(BMZ)
• German Agency for International Cooperation (GIZ)
• International Foundation for Science (IFS), Sweden
• Italian Embassy
• Japan Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
• National Research Foundation (NRF), South Africa
• Programme d’Appui Stratégique à la Recherche Scientifique en Côte
d’Ivoire (PASRES)/ Fonds Ivoiro-Suisse de Développement Economique et
Social (FISDES)
• Promotion of Private Sector Development (PSDA/GIZ)
• Rakuno Gakuen University (RGU), Japan
• Royal Veterinary College (RVC), UK
• Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), Tanzania
• University of Ghana (UoG), Ghana
• University of Hohenheim (UoH), Germany
• University of Nairobi (UoN), Kenya
• University of Pretoria (UoP), South Africa