Healthy ageing in Israel and the UK: What can we learn from each other?

Healthy ageing in Israel and the UK:
What can we learn from each other?

Welcome
A. Mark Clarfield, ILC-Israel
Join the conversation: @ilcuk
#DeliveringPrevention

Opening words
Prof. Angel Porgador, Dean of the Faculty
of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion
University of the Negev

Greetings
Israela Stein, Partnerships and Relations
Manager, The British Council

Introductory remarks
David Sinclair, Chief Executive, ILC-UK

Presentations: Healthy
ageing in Israel and the
UK – what do the data tell
us?

Healthy Ageing and
Prevention Index
Arunima Himawan, Senior Health
Research Lead, ILC-UK

Healthy Ageing and Prevention
Index

“The UK has also provided international leadership in the ageing
agenda, with the International Longevity Centre UK (ILC) provoking
discussions and pioneering solutions around the globe.”
- DIT, Healthy Ageing report, November 2021
Our programme of work

We’ve engaged with stakeholders across the
world

Despite repeated commitments to prioritise prevention
action continues to lag
But across the OECD alone, countries only spend
on average 2.8% of their health budgets on
prevention.
If we increase preventative health spend by just 0.1
percentage points it could unlock an additional 9% of
spending every year by people aged 60 or over.

The Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index
• The Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index is a global Index that holds
governments to account on healthy ageing and prevention.
• The Index measures and ranks 121 countries on six healthy ageing and
prevention indicators including life span, health span, work span, income, the
environment and happiness.
• For the first time, this Index brings together health, wealth and societal metrics
to give us a comprehensive picture of how sustainable countries are in the
context of longer lives, and the extent to which governments are investing in
efforts to prevent ill-health.
• Aside from ranking individual countries on their performance, the Index also
ranks political and/or economic country blocs, such as G20,
EU and OECD.

The six indicators
• Health and Life span: these are measured at birth using life expectancy and healthy life
expectancy measures (expressed in years) respectively. Data is obtained from the WHO.
• Work span: is defined as the expected number of years spent between being economically active
and retirement (ages 15-65). Work span is expressed in years and data to calculate this metric is
obtained from the World Bank and the International Labour Organisation.
• Income: is measured by GDP/per capita using purchasing power parity with data obtained from
the World Bank.
• Environment: is measured using the Yale Environmental Performance Index (EPI) which positions
countries on a scale of 0 to 100 (100=best). The top five countries on the EPI scale are Denmark
(82.5), Luxembourg (82.3), Switzerland (81.5), the UK (81.3) and France (80).
• Happiness: positions countries on a scale of 0-10. 0-4 are interpreted “suffering”, 5-7
“struggling”, 8-10 “thriving”. Data are taken from the annual Gallup World Poll which
asks respondents to think of a ladder and asked to rate their own current lives on
the 0-10 scale. Data is obtained from the UN.

Developing the Index
Step 1: Countries are categorised from ‘best’ to ‘worst’ for each
individual metric.
Step 2: Once each country is categorised on all six indicators, we then
assign these indicators a numerical rank value.
Country Step 1: Life span (life
expectancy at birth,
expressed in years
Step 2: Rank
Country Y 83.4 2
Country X 82.3 14

Step 3: Once we have the ranked values, we take the sum of these ranks
for each country to generate a country score.
• Country
Country Life span Health
span
Work
span
Income Environment Happiness Country
score
Country Y 2 4 25 4 3 3 41
Country X 14 9 11 9 17 5 65

Step 4: Aggregated scores are then assigned a further and final rank. The
smaller the total score, the higher the rank.
Country Life
span
Health
span
Work
span
Income Environment Happiness Country
score
Rank
Country
Y
2 4 25 4 3 3 41 1
Country
X
14 9 11 9 17 5 65 2

Bloc Life span
Health
span Work span
Income
GDP/head
ppp $ 000s Environment Happiness Global Rank
Scandinavia 82.0 71.4 31.5 58.1 79.3 7.5 1
G7 80.9 69.5 30.5 55.3 64.7 6.8 2
EU 81.2 70.7 28.6 46.5 72.8 6.7 3
The Organisation for
Economic Co-operation
and Development 80.4 69.4 30.4 46.3 63.0 6.5 4
Americas 77.2 66.3 31.3 34.1 50.6 6.4 5
Asia-Pacific Economic
Cooperation 76.9 67.4 33.2 24.9 43.5 5.7 6
The Association of
Southeast Asian
Nations 72.2 63.6 33.4 12.8 37.6 5.4 7
G20 75.4 65.4 30.1 21.4 41.4 5.2 8
African Union 66.2 57.6 29.5 5.2 34.3 4.7 9

Environment and Income
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Environmental
performance
(EPI)
GDP/head ppp$000
Israel/UK

Happiness and Income
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Happiness
GDP/ head ppp$000
Israel/UK

Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index
• Hold Governments to account by tracking progress on prevention
through the production and launch of the digital Healthy Ageing and
Prevention Index in May alongside the 76th World Health Assembly.
• Engage global health leaders to move from commitment to action
on preventative health.
• Build strong relationships with 20 leading organisations to form a
Healthy Ageing and Prevention Coalition to demand action and hold
governments to account on preventative health.

JDC-ESHEL Dashboard for
Optimal Aging
Gilad Hadas, JDC–Eshel

JDC-Eshel | Optimal aging in an era of
living to 100 |
ILC
Knowledge Sharing
31.01.23
The Challenge of
Aging in Israel

living to 100 |
A few things to know
about aging in Israel
Aging rate is on the rise
Living longer, but not as healthy
Live in cities and the center
Fragmentation
Financial burden
Burnout
Older adults Services

living to 100 |
Shared responsibility
"Northern Star"
Prevention

living to 100 |
Shared Responsibility
Identification and classification of functionality (ICF model, WHO)
Legislation &
Regulation
Public Services
Cultural Norms
Home
Physical
surroundings
World Economy
Family
Friends
Individual
- Intrinsic capabilities
- Motivation, outlook
Ecosystem
- Anything that interacts with the
individual
Bottom line
The resulting behavior

living to 100 |
Language
Terminology
Interventions
Professionality
Org. Culture
"Northern Star"
GOI
ministry
Private
Sector
Academia
Social
Sector
GOI
ministry
Bridging the
fragmentation
gap

living to 100 |
Prevention
Functional Crisis
Keeping the current status quo will lead to two "bad" alternatives
Budget crisis

living to 100 |
Interventions
postponing
functional
decline
The case for prevention-based interventions
Prevention
Forecast: % of population requiring nursing care (with and without interventions)
Source – Bank of Israel report 2018
Current dependency
rate
Dependency rate delayed 5
years

living to 100 |
The road map to
optimal aging

living to 100 |
Where are
we heading?
Where are
we?

living to 100 |
Data sources and research
108 academic research papers
published in the last 8 years
HRS
USA
29,000 ppl
29 years
NHATS
USA
8,000 ppl
8 years
CLSA
Canada
50,000 ppl
9 years
TILDA
Ireland
8,500 ppl
10 years
ELSA
England
11,500 ppl
17 years
SHARE
OECD & Israel
140,000 ppl
15 years
HUNT
Norway
75,000 ppl
33 years
FHS – 6G
USA
15,500 ppl
71 years

living to 100 |
Indicator Criteria
1. Consensus – Research & Policy based
2. Public source – collected systematically
3. Historic Data
4. In use – compared globally

living to 100 |
Predictive indicators of Optimal Aging
Map of National indicators for Optimal Aging
In Development
T r e n d l i n e c o m p a r e d t o b a s e y e a r ( 2 0 1 5 )
Key Not Available
Decline
No Change
Improvement
Health Management Financial Readiness
Socially Active Lifestyle
Healthy Lifestyle
81.9% had flu shot
62% report their subjective
health condition as good
78.3% had pneumonia shot
59% performed at least 2 out
of 3 healthy behaviors
Engage in physical activity:
64% moderate | 47% strenuous
15.4% are underweight*
Proximity to social network
index: 1.9 out of 4
21% are employed
92% say they have someone
to depend on in an emergency
16% volunteer
Financial Literacy
Income | Assets, savings,
adapted employment
Digital Literacy: 73% use the internet | 26% use GOI digital services | 64% perform information internet searches
Above
C o m p a r i s o n t o O E C D c o u n t r i e s
Similar Below No Data
Meaning
26% Feel lonely 36 pts. (of 12-48)
Loneliness Quality of Life Poverty
Ability to cope
24% have less than 60%
of median disposable
income
40% have difficulty
managing financially
Economic Resilience
17% find ADL difficult
31% find IADL difficult
Health
Men: 60% [11.6 years]
Women: 48% [10.5 years]
Functionality
Healthy Years
17% find ADL difficult
31% find IADL difficult

‫ג‬
'
‫וינט‬
-
‫אשל‬
|
‫של‬ ‫בעידן‬ ‫מיטבית‬ ‫הזדקנות‬
100
‫שנות‬
‫חיים‬
|
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‫ו‬ ‫בכלליות‬ ‫מיטבית‬ ‫להזדקנות‬ ‫המדדים‬ ‫מפת‬ ‫אימוץ‬
"
‫העל‬ ‫מדדי‬
"
‫בפרט‬
.2
‫ידי‬ ‫על‬ ‫בשנתיים‬ ‫פעם‬ ‫לאומי‬ ‫דוח‬ ‫פרסום‬
‫הלמ‬
"
‫ס‬
|
‫בתחילת‬ ‫פורסם‬
11.2022
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‫מיטבית‬ ‫להזדקנות‬ ‫המדדים‬ ‫על‬ ‫להשפעה‬ ‫התערבות‬ ‫ודרכי‬ ‫פעולות‬ ‫להכווין‬ ‫ממשלה‬ ‫משרדי‬ ‫הנחיית‬
.4
‫מדדים‬ ‫ופיתוח‬ ‫המפה‬ ‫טיוב‬ ‫המשך‬
.5
‫ליעדים‬ ‫המלצות‬ ‫דוח‬ ‫הגשת‬

Discussion
Chaired by David Sinclair

Good practice: What
works well?

Experience of the NIHP: The
example of benzodiazepines
Adam Rose, Associate Professor, Hebrew
University School of Public Health

Experience of Israel: Quality
Measures for Older Adults
Adam Rose

What is Quality of Healthcare?
• Quality of healthcare is the degree to which health
services for individuals and populations increase the
likelihood of desired health outcomes and are consistent
with professional knowledge. (Institute of Medicine)
• Doing the right thing, at the right time, for the right
person and having the best possible result (AHRQ).

Why measure quality?
“efforts to improve quality require efforts to
measure it“1
“In health care as in other arenas, that which
cannot be measured is difficult to improve”2
1. Casalino LP. N Engl J Med.2000;342:519–520.
2. http://www.qualityindicators.ahrq.gov/downloads/modules/iqi/v31/iqi_guide_v31.pdf
48

Improving Healthcare Quality
Effective
•Based on
scientific
evidence
Safe
•prevents
harm to
patients as a
result of
faulty
treatment
Timely
•provided with
minimal
delays and for
the right
length of time
Patient
Centered
•Considering
patient’s
preferences,
needs, and
values
Efficient
•Avoids
wasting
resources
Equitable
•guaranteeing
an equal
quality of
treatment,
unaffected by
personal
variables such
as sex,
ethnicity, and
socio-
economic
status
Healthcare aims:
Source: Institute of Medicine. Crossing the quality chasm: a new health system for the 21st century. Washington, DC: National
Academy Press; 2001. pp. 80-164.

Donabedian and Structure-Process-Outcomes
• Avedis Donabedian (1960) wrote that quality in health care
is, like justice or love, too abstract a concept to be observed
directly
• Quality can be inferred by measuring the Structure, Process,
and Outcomes of care
• Often abbreviated as SPO

Structure of Care
• The facilities, personnel, and systems that form the context
within which care is delivered
• Nurse to patient ratios
• Whether a board-certified critical care physician is in hospital 24
hours a day
• CT scanners per 100 beds
• Computerized Physician Order Entry system
• Robotically assisted surgery machine available

Process of Care
• A particular action, performed for a particular patient, at a
particular time
• Door-to-balloon time for patients with myocardial infarction
• Giving aspirin or beta blockers to those admitted for myocardial
infarction
• Annual fecal occult blood test (colon cancer screening) over age 50
• Often, when people refer to the “quality of care” without
specifying what they mean, they mean process of care measures

Outcomes of Care
• Definitive Outcomes (intrinsically matter to the patient)
• Mortality
• Amputation
• Stroke
• Cost of care
• Patient satisfaction
• Intermediate Outcomes (do not intrinsically matter to the
patient)
• Blood pressure control
• Glucose control

Quality Indicators
Quality Indicators (QIs) are standardized, evidence-based
measures of health care quality that can be used with readily
available hospital inpatient administrative data to measure
and track clinical performance and outcomes.
http://www.qualityindicators.ahrq.gov/

The Healthcare System in Israel
o National Health Insurance Law (1995) – “justice, equity and
solidarity…with quality”
o Universal coverage for all citizens and permanent residents.
o 4 Health plans – Clalit, Maccabi, Meuhedet & Leumit
o “Health Basket” of essential drugs, services and technologies,
updated every year
o Health Tax (~4%) administered through National Insurance
Institute, distributed to health plans
56

57
Provides population-based information to ensure that medical
quality plays a role in decision making
Enables
 evaluation of developments and changes in healthcare over time
 early identification of risk factors in the Israeli population and in
sub-populations
 comparison of healthcare quality in Israel with other countries
QICH
Quality Indicators in Community Healthcare

58
o Framework: Partnership of all four health plans (voluntary)
+ academic directorate
o Consensual decisions
o Population: Population-based, near complete coverage
o Data source: Electronic Medical Records – physician visits,
nurse records, hospital procedures, laboratory results and
pharmacy claims.
o Data collection: Aggregate data per health plan submitted
annually to the program directorate to produce national-
level rates
QICH
Quality Indicators in Community Healthcare

QICH Measurements Map 2019
Health
Promotion
Smoking status
documentation
Smoking status
BMI
documentation
BMI status
Cancer
Screening
Breast Cancer
Colorectal Cancer:
Screening and
continuity
Cervical Cancer
Child and
Adolescent
Health
hemoglobin
measurement in
infants
Prevalence of
anemia in infants
BMI
Documentation
BMI status
Elderly
Adults 65+
influenza
vaccines
Pneumocc.
vaccines
benzodiazepi
ne overuse
underweigh
t and weight
loss
Respiratory
Diseases
Asthma:
medications ratio
Asthma relievers
overuse
Asthma: influenza
vaccination
COPD
Cardiovascul
ar Health
Primary
prevent.
LDL-C
Blood
pressure
2nd -ary
prevent.
LDL-C
control
Aortic
Aneurism
Screening
Diabetes
Blood
sugar
control
nephropat
Retinopat.
LDL and BP
vaccines
Children
Blood sugar
control
Expert clinic
visits
vaccines
Overweigha
nd Obesity
Infectious
diseases
Total
antibiotic
use (2
methods)
Antibiotics
of concern
HCV testing
Mental
Health
Blood sugar
control
BMI
documentatio
n
Overweight
Continuity
of care after
discharge from
MH
hospitalization

Older Adults Age 65+
• Unintentional Weight Loss
• Vaccinations
• Use of Benzodiazepines
• Secondary Prevention Following Hip Fracture

Unintentional Weight Loss* Among Age 75+ Over the Past
Two Years
Stratified by Age and Sex
6.2%
7.2%
8.3%
6.1%
6.8%
8.0%
9.3%
6.9%
-1%
1%
3%
5%
7%
9%
11%
13%
75-79 80-84 85+ ‫סה‬
"
‫כ‬
* Defined as loss of 10% of body weight or more. Light Green: Female Dark Green: Male

Unintentional Weight Loss* Among Age 75+ Over the
Past Two Years
Stratified by Area Socioeconomic Status and Sex
7.2%
7.5%
6.9% 6.7%
7.0%
8.0%
8.4%
7.8%
7.3%
7.8%
0%
1%
2%
3%
4%
5%
6%
7%
8%
9%
10%
1 2 3 4 ‫סה‬
"
‫כ‬
SES
* Defined as loss of 10% of body weight or more. Light Green: Female Dark Green: Male 4 is highest SES

Proportion receiving vaccinations against pneumococcus
and influenza, age 65-74
2005-2021
50.7%
61.9% 63.3%
25.8%
79.4%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Influenza
Pneumococcus

Percent Age 65-74 Vaccinated Against Influenza
Stratified by Area SES and Sex
58.1% 60.3%
67.0%
74.4%
66.0%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
1 2 3 4 ‫סה‬
"
‫כ‬
SES
Light Green: Female Dark Green: Male 4 is highest SES

Percentage of Adults Age 65+ Receiving Daily
Benzodiazepines
4.9%
4.8%
5.3%
4.8%
3.8%
1.9%
1.6% 1.7%
0%
1%
2%
3%
4%
5%
6%
7%
8%
9%
10%
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Long-Acting Benzos
All Benzos
19,272 16,736 18,615
49,544 56,086 52,130

Daily Benzodiazepines Among Age 65+
2.1%
2.9%
4.2%
6.2%
8.7%
3.8%
2.8%
4.2%
5.7%
8.7%
12.5%
5.6%
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85+ ‫סה‬
"
‫כ‬
Light Green: Female Dark Green: Male

Daily Benzodiazepines Among Age 65+
3.1%
3.9% 3.8% 3.8% 3.8%
4.3%
5.6%
5.9%
6.1%
5.6%
0%
1%
2%
3%
4%
5%
6%
7%
1 2 3 4 ‫סה‬
"
‫כ‬
SES
Light Green: Female Dark Green: Male 4 is highest SES

Secondary Prevention: Medication Therapy for
Osteoporosis Following Hip Fracture, Age 65-85
2015-2021
25.5% 25.9% 24.8%
28.0%
32.7%
31.3% 30.9%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Secondary Prevention: Medication Therapy for Osteoporosis
Following Hip Fracture, Age 65-85
14.9%
18.5%
24.0%
26.3%
21.5%
34.0% 33.3%
37.7%
35.9% 35.4%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 ‫סה‬
"
‫כ‬
Light Red: Female Dark Red: Male

Secondary Prevention: Medication Therapy for Osteoporosis
Following Hip Fracture, Age 65-85
14.4%
19.1%
21.6%
28.2%
21.5%
31.2%
34.6% 34.7%
39.4%
35.4%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
1 2 3 4 ‫סה‬
"
‫כ‬
SES
Light Red: Female Dark Red: Male 4 is highest SES

Triumphs and Challenges
• Triumph – Large decrease in long-acting benzodiazepines
• Triumph – Massive improvements in pneumococcal vaccines
• Other measures not improving as markedly
• Israel quite high on benzodiazepine use by international standards
• Poor rate of secondary prevention for osteoporosis
• Many things we are not yet measuring – this is not a complete picture
of the quality of care provided to older adults here

Case study from the UK
Stephen Burke, CEO, Hallmark Care
Homes Foundation

Connected Communities –
purposeful relationships and social
interaction are key to ageing well
Stephen Burke
CEO, Hallmark Foundation
January 2023

Projects that Hallmark Foundation is supporting in
2023
ILC-UK – global healthy ageing index
Hourglass – safer ageing index across UK
Open University – developing and sharing
models of relational care
Intergenerational – care home activities, Play
Garden
Care careers conference for schools and
colleges – start early, positive mindsets

Projects for today and tomorrow
Clarion Housing – developing easy to use comms
technology with older people
Sparko – virtual retirement community
Homeshare – older people letting spare room(s)
to younger people for companionship and support
British Red Cross – mapping connected
communities
Swansea University – impact of living in age
diverse areas

www.hallmarkfoundation.org.uk www.hallmarkfoundation.org.uk

Response and
commentary
Adam Rose, Associate Professor, Hebrew
University School of Public Health

Nutrition break
15 minutes

Responses and discussion:
What can we learn from
each other?

Israel challenges and
opportunities
Orit Shahar, Area Head, Health and
functioning for older adults, JDC- Israel,
Eshel

UK challenges and
opportunities
Lily Parsey, Head of Projects, ILC-UK

Looking at the UK
Israel
UK

Ageing, but healthily?

Ageing, but healthily?
• Deepening health inequalities: 19 year
gap in healthy life expectancy between
richest and poorest areas of the country
• About 1 million people between 50-64
forced out of work early due to poor
health or caring responsibilities
• Significantly underfunded social care
system: The social care funding gap
could range between £6.1 billion and
£14.4 billion by 2030/31 (Health
Foundation, 2021)

And coming out of the
pandemic…
• Healthcare workforce
shortages are affecting
every profession
• Vacancy rate of 9.7%
(September 2022), 1 in 1o
jobs not filled
• Waiting times have
reached an all-time high
• 7.2 million people on
waiting lists for routine
treatment (NHS, December
2022)
… we face added pressures

Healthy ageing has received
policy attention…
• Healthy Ageing Grand Challenge
• Target to increase healthy life expectancy 5 years for all by 2035
• Dementia Moonshot
• “Levelling up” fund, incl. to level up health
… but with limited follow-through

Opportunities and good
practice
• Lifecourse vaccination
• Active role of pharmacists and nurses in all areas of healthcare
• Integrated care systems
• Social prescribing
• Working with employers: The mid-life MOT
• Carrot and stick: Sugar tax

Lifecourse vaccination
High uptake of adult immunisation
Underpinned by:
• Good, real-time data of immunisations
(down to GP level)
• Involving different professionals and
actors within the healthcare system
“Making every contact count”
• Tailoring messaging and targeting
communities

Expanding the role of
pharmacists and nurses
Pharmacists can deliver vaccinations in 30+
countries around the world
Pharmacists, nurses and allied healthcare
professionals are playing a growing role in
terms of NCD management, health literacy and
education

Integrated care systems
(ICSs)
Partnerships of organisations that come together to plan and
deliver joined-up, person-centred health and care services in an
area (across sectors and disciplines)
Initial 2012 review of first pilots 2010-2012 indicated that joined-
up services are better equipped to support healthy ageing,
especially in managing chronic conditions and comorbidities
Fairly new (differing by area), and then COVID hit

Social prescribing
Community referral to non-clinical services –
from a dance class to group learning or healthy
eating advice
Reducing GP consultations by an average of 28%
and A&E attendances by 24% (University of
Westminster)
• But still limited evidence, and limited
resource

Getting it right at work:
The mid-life MOT
A programme of support and information on
work, wealth and wellbeing, including health
for people in their 50s and 60s trialled by a
number of companies
Linked to:
• A boost in confidence, particularly with
respect to financial planning
• A perception of feeling valued, strengthening
a sense of empowerment to work longer
• Greater reassurance and a reinforced
positivity toward the company.

Carrot and stick: Sugar tax
… but of course limited in scope
Soft Drinks Industry Levy/ “sugar tax” Has it worked?
Tax on sugary fizzy drinks introduced in
2018
• 8p per litre for sugary drinks
containing 5-8g of sugar per 100ml
• 24p per litre for sugary drinks with
more than 8g per 100ml
Money gathered from the levy finances
to promote children’s health and
projects
Estimates suggest that the sugar tax may
have prevented around 5,000 cases of
obesity in year six girls (aged 10 to 11
alone (Cambridge, January 2023)
Leading drinks company, Lucozade Suntory
Ribena, reformulated all its drinks to
less sugar, resulting in a 50% sugar
reductions in Ribena, Orangina, and
Lucozade Energy.

Learnings/ magic
ingredients
• Good data to underpin good health
• Bringing in all healthcare professionals
• Connecting up the separate parts of the
healthcare system – it doesn’t all have to sit
with individuals
• Making health fun and personal
• Involving employers
• Looking to regulation

Group discussion
C0-chaired by A. Mark Clarfield and David
Sinclair

Closing remarks
David Sinclair, Chief Executive, ILC-UK

Healthy ageing in Israel and the UK: What can we learn from each other?

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