A presentation by IFFCO MD, Dr. US AWASTHI on Food security. Dr. US Awasthi gives a holistic perspective on food security and its role in sustainable development. Dr. US Awasthi is a leading expert and a leader in farming and agriculture sector. He has been leading IFFCO, the largest cooperative in India as the MD and CEO

1. 1
Dr. U S Awasthi
Managing Director
IFFCO
IFFCO SADAN
C-1 District Centre, Saket Place,
New Delhi – 110017
usawasthi@iffco.nic.in
Role of Safety & Security in
Sustainable Development
IFA Global Safety Summit
14 -18 March 2009, Bahrain

2. 2
Threats on Planet Earth
Cause
Population Explosion
Uncontrolled desire for various industrial
products
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security during
Transportation
Conclusion
Effects
Environmental degradation
Climate change

3. 3
Experts Viewpoint
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security during
Transportation
Conclusion
“ If everybody on earth live like today,
It would take at least two
additional earth to produce the resources,
absorb the waste and otherwise
maintain life-support”.
“ Manmade hazards causing irreversible
damage to biosphere”.

4. 4
Challenges for Sustainable
Development
Climate Change
Biodiversity losses
Resource scarcity
Water and Air pollution
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security during
Transportation
Conclusion
“ Present activities has outpaced the nature’s
capacity to purify it and sustain
its intrinsic strength”.

5. 5
Sustainable Development
“Sustainable Development is an absolute
prerequisite if a higher percentage
of the World population has to enjoy
a high standard of living without gobbling
up all resources and life-support
systems of our planet
in a short time”.
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security during
Transportation
Conclusion

6. 6
Pillars of Sustainable Development
Sustainable Development comprises of three main
elements which have to be balanced. Often
summarized as three “Pillars”:
Profit : Economic Prosperity
Planet : Environmental Quality
People : Social Equity
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security during
Transportation
Conclusion

7. 7
Role of Safety and Security in
Sustainable Development
“To meet the challenges of our times,
human beings will have to develop
a greater sense of responsibility.
Each of us must learn to work
not just for oneself,
one’s own family or nation,
but for the benefits of all humankind”.
Universal Responsibility is the key to Sustainable
Development
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security during
Transportation
Conclusion

8. 8
Population growth affecting
Sustainable Development
Global Population - 9 Billion By 2050 and 6 Billion in 1999
Population Statistic
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
Year
PopulationinBillion
Population in Billions
Global Population growth is the fastest in the world’s
poorest regions, placing even more pressure on their
consumption of vital natural resources like water and
food.
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security during
Transportation
Conclusion

9. 9
Increase in Global Cereal Production
Demand met by Increase in fertilizer consumption
Global Cereal Production -2.21 Billion MT in 2008 and 1.9 Billion
in 1999
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security during
Transportation
Conclusion

10. 10
Stress on harvested land…
Increasing land stress and unsustainable development
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security during
Transportation
Conclusion

11. 11
Stress on harvested land
Agricultural Productivity is the only solution to
combat unsustainability
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security during
Transportation
Conclusion

12. 12
World Fertilizer Consumption
On Average Increase in Fertiliser Consumption
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security during
Transportation
Conclusion

13. 13
Sustainable Development of Fertilizer
The fertilizer industry is
concerned about the
issues involved in the
manufacture of its
products and use of
products.
Aim of fertilizer industry should be to
provide a workplace with high
standards of health & safety of
employees as well as security of
enterprise.
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security during
Transportation
Conclusion

14. 14
“Safety during production process and product
Usage are of Paramount importance”.
Safety in Sustainable Development
“Sustainable Development
can be achieved by increased level of safety
with respect to production processes,
the products and usage of these products…”
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security during
Transportation
Conclusion

15. 15
Attack on Establishments
Security in Sustainable Development
World Trade Tower, NY – September 11
Mumbai Terror Attack, India – November 26
“Attack on establishments has raised fear.
Security during Transportation and units handling
Hazardous chemicals are of prime concern”
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security during
Transportation
Conclusion

16. 16
Safety and Security in Sustainable
Development
Errors are Internal
Threats are External
Each must be managed in order to
achieve Sustainable Development
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security during
Transportation
Conclusion

17. 17
Role of Safety and Security in
Sustainable Development
“Safety & Security are twin brothers to combat
the evil of hazard while reliability and
surveillance are tools to combat hazard &
Security threats.”
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security during
Transportation
Conclusion

18. 18
Initiatives Taken in Fertilizer
Industries
Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) policy
initiated by International Fertilizer Association.
Security code of Management Practices for the
fertilizer industry initiated by “The Fertilizer
Institute” (TFI)
Responsible Care®
charter of International
Council of Chemical Association (ICCA)
 RC 14001: 2005 incorporates all requirements
of ISO 14001: 2004 as well as the requirements
of the Responsible Care®
code.
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security during
Transportation
Conclusion

19. 19
Responsible Care Principles
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security during
Transportation
Conclusion
 Protect the environment & the health and safety
of employees & the public.
 Development of responsible laws, regulations and
standards that safeguard the community,
workplace and environment.
 Product stewardship.
 Community awareness & emergency response
 Considering resource conservation critical for all
new and existing products and processes.
 Performance monitoring and feedback

20. 20
Safety in Industry
Safety in Industry
 Safety means protection of
Humans
Plants & Machinery
Surrounding Environment
 Gains obtained by ignoring safety aspects are
for short terms and not sustainable.
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security during
Transportation
Conclusion
“Developing and providing Sustainable Technologies
results in Sustainable Development and improved
Profits.

21. 21
Negligence of Safety - Reduced
Profits
Safety Incidents necessitates Indirect costs
Social Impact
Morale effect
Interruption
Investigation
Corrective Action
Environmental
Damage
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security during
Transportation
Conclusion

22. 22
Implement Safety - A Win-Win
Situation
Safety Practices – Return on Investment
Reduced
Insurance
Premium
Reduced
Worker
Compensation
Liability &
Litigation
Expense
Increased
Productivity
 Worker Morale
 Decrease in absenteeism
 Equipment downtime
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security during
Transportation
Conclusion

23. 23
Safety Accidents
Industrial
Accidents
Reason Impact
Terra
Industries Inc.
Port Neal,
Iowa
Inadequate
indication of
Process condition
Release of Ammonia.
More then 20 employees
affected
Chernobyl
Nuclear Plant,
Ukraine
Inadequate
knowledge of
process as well as
safety parameters
$ 200 Billion
More then 1 Lakh
people affected
Bhopal Gas
Tragedy, India
Negligence in
safety
$ 500 Million
More then 20,000 people
affected
Operator Performance plays a crucial role in Safe
plant operation
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security during
Transportation
Conclusion

24. 24
Safety is Efficiency
Safety Management = Risk Management
Risk Control Cost Control
Cost Control Efficiency
Efficiency = Productivity
Productivity = Profit
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security during
Transportation
Conclusion

25. 25
“Safety will become a key facilitator and efficiency Differentiator
between organizations those provide
ostensibly comparable production”
Safety – A necessity for Sustainable
Development
“ In a Competitive Market
No Profit, no future (or Development)
No efficiency, no profit
No safety, no efficiency (or Sustainability)”
Safety is must for Sustainable Development.
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security during
Transportation
Conclusion

26. 26
Risk in Fertilizer Units
 Natural Gas
 Naphtha
 Ammonia
 Other highly flammable gases viz. Carbon mono-
oxide, Methane and Hydrogen
Chemicals Handled in Ammonia-Urea Plants
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security during
Transportation
Conclusion

27. 27
Tools ensuring Safety
 Risk Assessment
 HAZOP Study
 Effective Disaster Management
Plan
 Generate Public awareness by
involvement of local government,
NGO’s and public.
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security during
Transportation
Conclusion

28. 28
Safety at IFFCO Units
IFFCO: Roadmap of Safety Management System
Leadership (Key part of Senior Management)
Training (Awareness)
Learning from accidents
Safety Audits
Non-punitive Reporting System
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security during
Transportation
Conclusion

29. 29
Safety – A firm feature of IFFCO
Management
Achievements in 2008
 National Safety Award – 1st
Prize for Accident Free
Year - 2006
 Runner up for Lowest Average Accident
Frequency Rate for Year – 2004,2005 and 2006
Adaptation of safety management system
(OHSAS -18001)
OHSAS
18001
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security during
Transportation
Conclusion

30. 30
IFFCO - On Path of Reduced
Accidents
Safety Statistic of IFFCO
Kandla Total
Kalol Total
Aonla Total
Phulpur Total
IFFCO Total
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Numberofaccident
Kandla Total Kalol Total Aonla Total Phulpur Total IFFCO Total
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security during
Transportation
Conclusion

31. 31
Plant Security in Sustainable
Development…
Terrorism is a very old threat to
established Societies. Attack on
Establishments is the tactic to affect the
masses in all forms.
No Nation is Immune to Terrorism
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security during
Transportation
Conclusion

32. 32
Plant Security in Sustainable
Development
 Disrupt government, industry operations
and impact economy & society
 Result in large-scale human casualties,
property destruction, and damage to
national prestige as well as public
confidence
Attack on Establishments couldSustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security during
Transportation
Conclusion

33. 33
Trends in Chemical Terrorism
Establishments Year Chemical Used
World Trade Centre, New
York
Feb26,
1993
Urea nitrate
Petrochemia Kutina,
Croatia
Sep23,
1993
Attack on
Fertilizer Plant
Murrah Federal Building,
Oklahoma City
Apr19,
1995
Ammonium
nitrate
Khobar Towers, Saudi
Arabia
Jun25,
1996
Gasoline & Exp.
powder
Café District, Bali,
Indonesia
Oct12,
2002
Ammonium
nitrate
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security during
Transportation
Conclusion

34. 34
Risk at Fertiliser Units…
Chemicals Involved
Ammonia
Urea – Strong oxidizer, promotes explosive
reaction with organic materials.
Ammonium Nitrate – Strong oxidant that
reacts with combustible and reducing
material.
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security during
Transportation
Conclusion

35. 35
Risk at Fertiliser Units
Criticalities
Ammonia - Methamphetamines' (Illegal Drug)
Urea – As explosive
Ammonium Nitrate – A typical Explosive
Ammonia alone is used in about 1/3rd
of all
Risk Management Program chemical Process
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security during
Transportation
Conclusion

36. 36
Tools Ensuring Plant Security
Threat Analysis
Vulnerability Analysis
Assessment of Severity of Harm
Mitigation & Emergency Plan
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security during
Transportation
Conclusion

37. 37
World Fertiliser Trade 2008e
India Major importer –
Ranks 1st
Main Shipping Channel
– Gulf of Aden
World Fertiliser Trade (Million MT)
Constituents 2007 2008 e
Seaborne
Ammonia
16.8 16.3
Urea 36.4 34.0
Phosphate Rock 31.3 31.9
Phosphoric Acid 4.7 4.4
Processed
Phosphate
10.5 9.5
Potash- MOP 45 43
Sulphur 30 27.6
Source : IFA November 2008 (e: estimate)
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security
during
Transportation
Conclusion

38. 38
Maritime Terrorism – Worrisome
An alternate means of causing economic
destabilization.
Most critical – Ammonium Nitrate in wrong
hands.
Hijacking of Ships
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Security
during
Transportation
Conclusion

39. 39
Conclusion…
Policy are in place but lacks implementation.
It’s the time that principles laid down must be
transformed into action, action must deliver
result and progress towards result must be
measurable.
“Sustainability is a long term commitment
that requires concrete action now.”
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Conclusion

40. 40
Conclusion
Be Aware
Be Alert
Be Alive
“Live as if you were to die tomorrow.
Learn as if you were to live forever.”
Sustainable
Development
Agriculture &
Fertilisers
Safety &
Security
Safety
Practices in
Industry
Security of
Industrial Set
ups
Conclusion

41. 41
Thank You!