Introduction to modern astronomy 1
島袋隼⼠(Hayato Shimabukuro)（云南⼤学、
SWIFAR）
©GETTYIMAGES

• Hayato Shimabukuro (島袋隼⼠)
• I was born in Okinawa(冲绳), Japan
• I was graduated from Tohoku university(东北⼤学) in Japan
• I got Ph.D at Nagoya university(名古屋⼤学) in Japan
• During Ph.D student, I have stayed in Kumamoto university(熊本⼤学), University of
Oxford, University of Melbourne and University of Groningen.
• As a postdoc (博⼠后), I experienced Paris observatory and Tsinghua university.
• My major is cosmology(宇宙学)
• Hobby：Manga, Anime, Shogi (⽇本象棋), training, reading, learning Chinese(HSK4
级).
Introduction

• This lecture targets all students, including students who DO
NOT major in astronomy, and non-science major students.
Who are the targets in this lecture?

Why astronomy?
•Even if learn astronomy, you may not earn much money.
•Even if you do not learn astronomy, you can use smartphone,
PC and you can live
So, why do you learn astronomy?

Why astronomy?
•Even if learn astronomy, you may not earn much money.
•Even if you do not learn astronomy, you can use smartphone,
PC and you can live
So, why do you learn astronomy?

Why astronomy?
•Even if learn astronomy, you may not earn much money.
•Even if you do not learn astronomy, you can use smartphone,
PC and you can live
So, why do you learn astronomy?

1.天⽂学的意义
•Our universe is very beautiful and fascinating.

1.天⽂学的意义
•Our universe is very beautiful and fascinating.
•For a long history of human beings, our idea
of the universe was drastically changed and we
developed modern physics.

1.天⽂学的意义
•Our universe is very beautiful and fascinating.
•For a long history of human beings, our idea
of the universe was drastically changed and we
developed modern physics.

1.天⽂学的意义
•Our universe is very beautiful and fascinating.
•For a long history of human beings, our idea
of the universe was drastically changed and we
developed modern physics.
Galileo Galilei
(1564-1642)

1.天⽂学的意义
•Our universe is very beautiful and fascinating.
•For a long history of human beings, our idea
of the universe was drastically changed and we
developed modern physics.
Galileo Galilei
(1564-1642)
Isaac Newton
(1642-1727)

1.天⽂学的意义
•Our universe is very beautiful and fascinating.
•For a long history of human beings, our idea
of the universe was drastically changed and we
developed modern physics.
Galileo Galilei
(1564-1642)
Isaac Newton
(1642-1727)
•The knowledge of physics changed our life.

1.天⽂学的意义
•Our universe is very beautiful and fascinating.
•For a long history of human beings, our idea
of the universe was drastically changed and we
developed modern physics.
Galileo Galilei
(1564-1642)
Isaac Newton
(1642-1727)
•The knowledge of physics changed our life.
•You can learn astronomy is associated with
our life in my lecture

•Our universe is very beautiful and fascinating.
•For a long history of human beings, our idea
of the universe was drastically changed and we
developed modern physics.
•The knowledge of physics changed our life.
•Students can learn astronomy is associated
with our life in my lecture
1.天⽂学的意义

⿊洞 引⼒波
•In recent years, astronomy has become more and more advanced. For example, we first detected a
gravitational wave (引⼒波) in 2016 and first observed blackhole (⿊洞) in 2019
•Many Nobel prize has been awarded for astronomy
•However, there are still many mysteries in the universe. (e.g. Is there another intelligent
life in the universe? What is the “dark side” of the universe?)
•In my lecture, I would like to tell students how the universe is
wonderful and mysterious.
1.天⽂学的意义

(People who have not studied astronomy)
It’s beautiful!
(People who have studied astronomy)

(People who have not studied astronomy)
It’s beautiful!
(People who have studied astronomy)
??

(People who have not studied astronomy)
It’s beautiful!
(People who have studied astronomy)
??
Look up at the night sky after my lecture
and find out how you feel!

2. 教学重点难点及进度安排
•天⽂学的历史（第1-2周）
•天⽂学的基本物理学（第3-4周）
•望远镜（第5周）
•太阳和太阳系（第6周）
•期中考试（第7周）
•恒星的形成和演变（第8-11周）
•银河系和宇宙学（第12-15周）
•天⽂⽣物学（第16周）
•期末考试（第17周）
•In my lecture, I pick up the following topics.
Difficult point of my lecture
3. 拟采⽤的主要教学⽅法
•Since my lecture is conducted in English, it may be difficult
for non-science major students (e.g. technical terms).
Solution
•I share my presentation slides in advance.
•I use English and Chinese for technical terms.
•覃振飞（助教） in our institute help students understand my lecture.
•I use presentation slides in my lecture and use English. But, I also use Chinese for technical terms.
•I use many photos and pictures

4.课程的考查，考核⽅式
•成绩评定：平时成绩（20%, 报告⼯作），期中考试（25%），期末成绩（55%）
例如1:讨论我们银河系中智能⽣命存在的可能性。
例如2:如果地球变成⼀个⿊洞，它将有多⼤？
rg =
2GM
c2 Mearth = 6 × 1024
kg
•In my course, I evaluate students by the daily report, mid-term exam, and final exam.
•In the homework, students choose one of the astronomical topics and discuss it. The details are
posted on WeChat.
•In the exam, students can bring anything for the exam and solve problems.
•In addition, there are simple calculation in the exam.
Students are encouraged to write reports and
exams in English. But, Chinese is acceptable.

• Basics of astronomy (History of astronomy, telescopes and so on)
• Sun (太阳), Solar system（太阳系）
• Stellar （恒星）, Neutron stars（中⼦星）, Black holes（⿊洞）
• Galaxies and cosmology（星系和宇宙学）
• Astrobiology (宇宙⽣物学)
What you can learn in this lecture.

Textbook
•今⽇天⽂（Astronomy today）8th edition
•Beginner level, a few mathematics
•My lecture is based on this textbook
•天⽂学教程
•Intermediate level. This textbook requires some
calculations.
If you would like to learn advanced contents, I
recommend you to read this book.

• 天⽂楼⼆层1204号
• 电⼦邮件：shimabukuro@ynu.edu.cn
Contact information

Our universe is beautiful and wonderful!

©American museum of natural history
•Astronomy is the study of everything in the universe beyond earth. That includes objects
we can see with our naked eyes, like the sun, the moon ,the planets, and stars

©American museum of natural history
•It also includes objects we can only see with telescopes or other instruments, like faraway
galaxies.

Why astronomy?
•Even if you learn astronomy, you may not earn much money. Even if you do not learn
astronomy, you can use smartphone, you can use PC and you can live.
So, why do you learn astronomy ?

Why astronomy?
•Even if you learn astronomy, you may not earn much money. Even if you do not learn
astronomy, you can use smartphone, you can use PC and you can live.
So, why do you learn astronomy ?
•Throughout more than 2000-year history, human being has always tried to understand the
universe. The universe is close to us and has always been a subject of interest.

Why astronomy?
•Even if you learn astronomy, you may not earn much money. Even if you do not learn
astronomy, you can use smartphone, you can use PC and you can live.
So, why do you learn astronomy ?
•Throughout more than 2000-year history, human being has always tried to understand the
universe. The universe is close to us and has always been a subject of interest.

Why astronomy?
•Even if you learn astronomy, you may not earn much money. Even if you do not learn
astronomy, you can use smartphone, you can use PC and you can live.
So, why do you learn astronomy ?
•Throughout more than 2000-year history, human being has always tried to understand the
universe. The universe is close to us and has always been a subject of interest.

Why astronomy?
•Even if you learn astronomy, you may not earn much money. Even if you do not learn
astronomy, you can use smartphone, you can use PC and you can live.
So, why do you learn astronomy ?
•Throughout more than 2000-year history, human being has always tried to understand the
universe. The universe is close to us and has always been a subject of interest.
•When you look up at the night sky and think about universe, a little knowledge of
astronomy may enrich your mind.

Why astronomy?
•Even if you learn astronomy, you may not earn much money. Even if you do not learn
astronomy, you can use smartphone, you can use PC and you can live.
So, why do you learn astronomy ?
•Throughout more than 2000-year history, human being has always tried to understand the
universe. The universe is close to us and has always been a subject of interest.
•When you look up at the night sky and think about universe, a little knowledge of
astronomy may enrich your mind.
How big is the universe?

Why astronomy?
•Even if you learn astronomy, you may not earn much money. Even if you do not learn
astronomy, you can use smartphone, you can use PC and you can live.
So, why do you learn astronomy ?
•Throughout more than 2000-year history, human being has always tried to understand the
universe. The universe is close to us and has always been a subject of interest.
•When you look up at the night sky and think about universe, a little knowledge of
astronomy may enrich your mind.
How big is the universe?
Is there life in the universe other than ours?

Why astronomy?
•Even if you learn astronomy, you may not earn much money. Even if you do not learn
astronomy, you can use smartphone, you can use PC and you can live.
So, why do you learn astronomy ?
•Throughout more than 2000-year history, human being has always tried to understand the
universe. The universe is close to us and has always been a subject of interest.
•When you look up at the night sky and think about universe, a little knowledge of
astronomy may enrich your mind.
How big is the universe? What is the history of the universe?
Is there life in the universe other than ours?

In recent years, astronomy has been making rapid progress, with a series of significant
discoveries over the past decade. Therefore, as you learn about astronomy and gain a better
understanding of the universe, you will enjoy the rapidly developing field of astronomy.
引⼒波
⿊洞
Why astronomy?
134亿年前的星系

Question: What do you want to know about the Universe?
•We have known the universe much, but we have not known universe much more !
Why astronomy?
(e.g. Is there another intelligent life in the universe? What is the “dark side” of the universe?)

Let’s learn and enjoy the universe
together!