The Philippines commits to a projected GHG
emissions reduction of
75 %
for the period 2020-2030
ur journey for a better planet ~
Paris Agreement
Rio Earth Summit
Kyoto Protocol
2.71%
unconditional
72.29%
conditional
1.5°
C
2

Joseph Christopher Oropel, Getty Images/Tripsavvy Bernhard Lang, Wired
Manila city
3

The national urban annual growth rate is 3.45%, much higher than the annual
population growth rate of 2.28%
city with the highest population
density in the world
Manila
most populous city in the Philippines
2nd
4

Increasing urban heat
island phenomenon
Manila City emerged as having a very high heat health risk index (HHRI) in a
study by Estoque et al., 2020
Increasing
population
Increasing
GHG emissions
5

CO2
CO2 emissions by sector,
Philippines
CO2
Share in energy related CO2 emissions from transport sector,
Philippines
Source: Enerdata, 2020; climate-transparency.org
Opportunity to electrify transport sector, whilst
decarbonising the electricity sector
6

 Unplanned urbanization and growth
 High population density
 Land use changes
 Extreme floods, storms
 Solid waste problem
 Water quality problem
 Air pollution
 Unchecked GHG emissions
Key Issues in Manila
Average annual mean temperature is
projected to increase by 1.7°C - 3.0°C by
2050 in Philippines
climate change associated risks
7

Urban Design Transport Sector
Target GHG emissions
Reduce GHG emissions by 40% in Manila by 2030
8

Stakeholders Possible contribution/s to the project
Schools and Universities • Conducting research for best practices, development of sustainable urban design/ landscape
• Providing a workshop/ training on sustainable development and urban design
Non-Government
Organizations
• Forging partnership between the communities, the government, private businesses, and
other stakeholders
• Encouraging citizen participation during tree planting or cleaning programs
• Providing resources (manpower, equipment, funding) to develop a “greener” community
Government agencies • Implementing policies for eco urban design and development
• Funding
• Encouraging cooperation between public and private corporations
• Development of green spaces, resilient infrastructure, greening of buildings
Private sector • Cooperation between public and private corporations
• Providing resources (manpower, equipment, funding) to develop a “greener” community
Public • Active participation in activities and programs (surveys, tree planting, clean-up drives, etc.)
Urban Design
9

Stakeholders Possible contribution/s to the project
Schools and Universities • Develop applications for traffic and transport monitoring
• Developing EV-based mobile transport
Non-Government
Organizations
• Increasing engagement on social media
• Expansion of EV-based mobile transport by providing funding for its development
• Develop applications for traffic and transport monitoring
Government agencies • Establishment of policies and plans for the transport sector, funding
• Cooperation between public and private transport companies
• Development of fundamental infrastructure for transportation
• Expansion of EV-based mobile transport
Private sector • Cooperation between public and private transport companies
• Expansion of EV-based mobile transport
Public • Active participation (surveys, promote use of public transport, walking/ cycling culture, etc.)
* Intergovernmental organizations (IGO) : The United Nations as a stakeholder: Aid in training, policy making, funding (Green Climate Fund)
Transport Sector
10

Reduce GHG emissions by 40% in Manila by 2030
Target areas: Urban design and Transport
• Stakeholder identification
and engagement
• Policy making
• Awareness programs
• Capacity building
• Transfer of technology
• Finance acquisition
• Market mechanism
• Monitoring, evaluation,
reporting & verification
• Continued awareness
programs
• Infrastructural changes,
expansion of EV based public
transport
• Framework review
• Public survey
• Continued capacity building,
awareness programs
• Making
progress/achievements public
2023
2024
2025
11

GHG emissions
reduced by 40% in
Manila !
• Positive behavioural changes in
communities
• Transformed infrastructure
• Expanded public transport
• Making progress/achievements
public
2027
2030
Reduce GHG emissions by 40% in Manila by 2030
Target areas: Urban design and Transport
12

• Identify potential stakeholders: government, private companies, NGOs, academic institutions, general public, etc.
• Partnership and engagement of stakeholders: policy development training/ workshop
• Policy monitoring, evaluation and review:
o Data collection, analysis and future predictions, contributions to NDC
• Monitoring and maintenance:
o Monitoring Philippine Green Building Code is followed and adapted by companies and residential
condominiums
o Maintenance of introduced infrastructure
o GHG emissions check via green tax, GHG emission trading
• R&D collaborations:
o On EVs to reduce the costs and increase performance
o On disaster resilient buildings/ structures
o On nature-based solutions and urban design/ landscaping 13

• Funding:
o Fund acquisition from public/ private sector, Green Climate Fund
o Subsiding EVs, eco-buildings
• International collaborations:
o Adopting best practices from other countries which can be replicated in Manila
o Training and workshops with experts
• Infrastructural changes:
Expanding public transport, building bicycle lanes, green spaces, retrofitting buildings, greening of buildings, etc.
• Public engagement:
o Creation of web portal for public to monitor progress
o Partnering with local communities to promote citizen participation through survey and training
o Providing rewards to communities that promote and engage in eco-activities
o Promote sustainable development via education, training, TV, radio, and social media
14

• Liveable eco-friendly city
• More people will have access to disaster resilient
infrastructure
• More people will have access to green
recreational spaces
• Convenient & fast public transportation system
• More people will use Electronic Vehicles
• More people will use bicycles/ walk
• Improved air quality
Outputs Outcomes
Urban Design
• Established master plan of Manila city in order to enhance
liveability ( green building, green space for recreation) inline
with ‘City Development Strategy’
• Established building codes for the safety and varied house
options
• Disaster resilient infrastructure
• Smart eco-friendly city
Transport Sector
• Established policies and plans for transport sector including
traffic/ pedestrian safety reforms.
• Fundamental Infrastructure ( pedestrian/bicycler friendly
lanes, charging stations for EVs, etc)
• Apps for traffic and public transport monitoring
• Expansion of EV based public transport, increased
accessibility
15

Outputs Outcomes
Public Awareness & Engagement
• Education for sustainable development
• Radio/TV programmes for climate change and its impact on
cities
• Increased engagement on social media on sustainable
lifestyles
• Public awareness campaigns for net zero, sustainable
lifestyle
o Virtual (Social media: YouTube, Facebook, Instagram,
TikTok)
o Face to face/ on the ground (Reward system, story telling
for children, publications for senior citizens, etc.)
• Public engagement in policy making
• Positive behavioural changes in public with
respect to sustainable consumerism
16

• Slum/ urban infrastructure transformation
• Public interest in EVs
• Expansion of public transport infrastructure
• Public interest in sustainability
• Funding
• Outreach and awareness, area-wise
rehabilitation
• Subsidies / zero-interest loans on EVs
• Clear demarcation of area expansion, step-
wise implementation
• Creative education and awareness
campaigns, reward system, encouraging
participating communities
• International aid, government budgeting
17

A governing body is established to monitor and evaluate progress and review the
implemented policies based on their performance against the different indicators.
Monitoring
Half-yearly
Evaluation
Annual
Policy review
Biannual
Governing
body
18

• SDG targeted indicators
o 11.1.1 Proportion of urban population living in slums, informal settlements or inadequate
housing
o 11.2.1 Proportion of population that has convenient access to public transport, by sex, age
and persons with disabilities
o 13.2.2 Total greenhouse gas emissions per year
o 13.3.1 Extent to which (i) global citizenship education and (ii) education for sustainable
development are mainstreamed in (a) national education policies; (b) curricula; (c) teacher
education; and (d) student assessment
Indicators
Global indicator framework for the Sustainable Development Goals and targets of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development 19

National Climate Change Action Plan, 2011-2028, Republic of the Philippines
Indicators
• No. of government institutions, centres of excellence and climate change resource centres linked to a
national web-based climate change information hub
• No. of local communities accessing climate change information hub engaging in the city
decarbonization activities
• No. of public transport projects achieving transit-oriented development (TOD)
• Proportion of the population using EVs/ public transportation/ bicycles based on app data
• No. of critical local infrastructures assessed and retrofitted
• Percentage increase in city greening area
• No. of public/ private bodies complying with GHG emissions reporting requirement
• Percentage increase in new investments
20

Group 4
Thank You !