Moringa value added products

1. 3/3/2018
Prospects and economic feasibility for Moringa intensive farming based
Products in Pakistan | Dr Arshad Raza
AHL HERBAL
PHRMACEUTICALS
MORINGA INTENSIVE
CULTIVATION A PAKISTANI
PERSPECTIVE AND FEASIBILITY

3. Value added products based on high biomass output Intensive farming:
Due to valuable economic uses and benefits of moringa plant, efforts
are taken around the globe to cultivate moringa plant with high yield
reducing the cost of leaves. The leaves can be processed for value
added products with profitable economic outcome.

4. Industrial, Commercial, Food and
nutraceutical application of moringa
& moringa based products. A
Pakistani Prospective.
Moringa Plant:
Moringa oleifera Lam. belonging to the family Moringaceae is
a handsome softwood tree, native of India, occurring wild in the
sub-Himalayan regions of Northern India and Pakistan, now grown worldwide in
the tropics and sub-tropics. In India it is grown all over the subcontinent for its
tender pods and also for its leaves and flowers. The pod of moringa is a very
popular vegetable in South Indian cuisine and valued for their distinctly inviting
flavor.
Valuable products and uses: Moringa Tree has various value added
products and uses.
Moringa Leaf Powder:
Moringa leaves are praised and considered to be one of the most valuable source of
nutrition & nutraceuticals. Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam. moringaceae) is a highly
valued plant that is mostly
cultivated in the tropics and
subtropics. It is used for food,
medication and industrial
purposes.
The dried leaves had crude
protein levels of 30.3% and 19
amino acids. The dried leaves had
the following mineral contents:
calcium (3.65%), phoshorus
(0.3%), magnesium (0.5%),
potassium (1.5%), sodium
(0.164%), sulphur (0.63%), zinc
(13.03 mg/kg), copper (8.25%),
manganese (86.8 mg/kg), iron
(490 mg/kg) and selenium (363
mg/kg). 17 fatty acids were
observed with α-Linolenic acid (44.57%) having the highest value followed by heneicosanoic (14.41%), g-
linolenic (0.20%) palmiteic (0.17%) and capric acid (0.07%).

5. Vitamin E had the highest
concentration of 77 mg/100 g
than beta-carotene, which
had 18.5 mg/100 g in the
dried leaves. The fiber
content was neutral
detergent fibre (NDF)
(11.4%), acid detergent fibre
(ADF) (8.49%), acid detergent
lignin (ADL) (1.8%) and (acid
detergent cellulose (ADC)
(4.01%). The condensed
tannins had a value of 3.2%,
while total polyphenols were
2.02%. The values of amino acids, fatty acids, minerals and vitamin profiles reflect a desirable nutritional
balance.

6. Moringa seed oil:
Moringa seed oil is clear and smells nutty. Thanks to the numerous
antioxidants in it, the oil does not become rancid for several years
after it is produced. This makes it sought after for a number of health
and beauty applications.
Although the oil is viable for use as cooking oil, its high demand and
low levels of production do not make it conducive for everyday use as
a dietary product. However, small amounts of oil are often used in
recipes calling for a rich, nutty flavor, such as stir-fried dishes and
marinades. Moringa oil is also occasionally used as a dressing for
vegetables, salads, and other green dishes.
Moringa oil is among the most desired oils in the formulation of skin care products and cosmetics,
chosen for its many antioxidants and documented skin-rejuvenating properties. These antioxidants do
wonders for aging and nutrient-depleted skin.
Moringa pods:
The seed pods (fruits) of the Moringa oleifera tree are one of the most nutritive and useful parts of this
versatile plant. Also known as drumsticks due to their elongated shape, the seed pods are used in a
variety of traditional and modern medical treatments and are
consumed as food in many areas of the world. The durable, drought-
resistant nature of the moringa tree makes it a valuable source of
nutrition in regions where water is scarce. Moringa seed pods are used
to treat drinking water supplies as well due to their natural coagulant
properties that allow particulates to settle in turbid water.
Moringa fruit, like almost any other part of the tree, is particularly
prized for its high nutritional value. Due to a plethora of vitamins and micronutrients, the fruit of the
tree is well known for promoting good health and helping to alleviate a host of ailments. With the
growing availability of Moringa powder as a health supplement, people beyond the Moringa Oleifera's
native environment are finding out what those in the tropics already know about its numerous benefits
Nutritional value of Pods
The seed pods of the moringa plant are highly nutritious with one cup of fresh drumstick pods
containing well over 200% of the daily recommendation for Vitamin C set forth by the FDA. Moringa
seed pods are rich in proteins and amino acids necessary for health and proper physical function and are
high in calcium and potassium. These versatile seed pods are eaten as vegetables in many parts of the
world and are cooked in much the same way as green beans. Moringa seed pods taste similar to
asparagus and can be seasoned in the same fashion; they can also be fried or incorporated into curries,
soups and sambars as a tasty vegetable component of these spicy combination dishes.

7. Agricultural Application:
 Agricultural soils for food production are getting more scares every day, genetic manipulation of
crops is dangerous, costly and creates unneeded dependence to the seed companies.
 Genetic manipulation brings only 2 to 5% increase in productivity, but additional costs for
tailored agrochemicals to make the GMO grow.
 Normal crop breeding as well brings only 2 to 3 %increase in productivity to the table and does
not solve the above mentioned problems.
 Moringa produces a natural growth hormone called zeatin from the group of kinetins in high
concentration.
 Moringa has so far shown the highest productivity per ha and year and offers additional to the
growth hormone a series of important sub products like up to 10% fermentable sugars, 8%
Starch, 7 to 8% oil with mainly ohmega 3 fatty acid, 17% high quality protein and as well up to
35% cellulose for the paper industry.
 The total dry mass per ha and year in adequate soil can reach up to 120 tons harvested in ten
cuts per year.
 Adjacent industries can work at full capacity the whole year around
 The main product, hormone rich juice has a growth enhancing effect in all till today applied
crops in the range of minimum 25 to 35% .
 If additional the soil quality of the agricultural area is improved productivity exceeds 35 % after
application of Moringa growth hormone.
 Moringa production can be fully mechanized.
Foliar spray and growth promoter The use of Moringa leaf extracts as a possible
plant enhancer can provide a relatively environmentally friendly, easily accessible
and affordable means of increasing crop yields to meet the growing demand for
food all over the world, considering the global increasing population rate with its
threatening hunger waves. Extracts from fresh Moringa leaves could be used to
produce an effective plant growth promoter increasing yield by 25-30% for nearly
any crop (Price, 2007). Amirigbal et al. (2014) reported that three sprays of Moringa
and brassica leaf extracts significantly affected plant height, number of branches per
plant, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod seed yield as well as
biological yield of canola as compared to their sole application.
The leaf extract of Moringa reported to increase the yield of many crops
(Alkinbode & Ikotun, 2008; Foidle et al., 2001). This positive effect of Moringa
leaf extract on growth and yields has also been reported for many field crops:
Mvumi et al. (2012) and Emongor (2015) on onion and kidney beans,
Muhamman et al. (2013) on tomato, Abdalla (2013) on rocket, and Mohammed
et al. (2013) on onions.
The significance of Moringa leaf juice lies in the Zeatin. Zeatin is one of the
phytohormones that are the major components of oil and protein structure (Mir

8. et al., 2009). Zeatin is a part of the compound cytokinins, which stimulate cell division, growing cell
tissue, delay the process of senescence and ageing in plant tissue and promote nutrient partitioning and
uptake (Emongor, 2002; Andrews, 2006; Taiz & Zieger, 2002).
Antibiotic growth promoters for Poultry (AGP):
AGP have been used as a feed additive in
poultry industry to enhance gut health and
to control sub-clinical diseases. With
increasing public concerns about bacterial
resistance to antibiotics, the use of
antibiotics in therapeutic or sub-
therapeutic doses in poultry feed has been
severely limited or eliminated in many
countries.
European Union has preventively banned
the use of antibiotics as growth promoters
since 1st
January 2006 (Catala-Gregori et
al., 2008).
Therefore, alternatives to AGP need to be
proposed to livestock producers in order to
maintain animal health, productivity and carcass quality.
Moringa oleifera aqueous leaf extract given at concentrations 30 ml, 60 ml and 90
ml via drinking water has been shown to significantly improve the actual live weight,
feed conversion ratio (FCR) and return of investment (ROI) of Cobb broilers .
Inclusion of Moringa oleifera meal as protein supplement in broiler diets at 25%
inclusion level produces broilers of similar weight and growth rate compared to
those fed under conventional commercial feeds. Further, Verma et al. have
demonstrated the inhibition of lipid peroxidation in chicken liver homogenates by
the whole plant extract of Moringa oleifera, indicating their antioxidant effect in
preserving chicken meat.