DIHAD presentation on trends in humanitarian and development assistance in a rapidly changing global context

1. Trends in humanitarian
and development
assistance in a rapidly
changing global context
Tony German
Executive Director
Development Initiatives
www.devinit.org

2. • An independent organisation
working for the eradication of
absolute poverty
• Our mission is to empower and
enable people to make evidence-
based and data-informed decisions
to deliver more effective use of
resources for poverty eradication
• Produce accessible data, analysis
and infographics
• Offices in Bristol (UK), Nairobi
(Kenya) and with partners DRT,
Kampala (Uganda)

3.  International architecture: G8 to G20 – G7+
 From DAC to post-Busan Global Partnership
 Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, Indonesia,
Gulf States, Foundations, private sector
 95 non DAC countries contributed to tsunami –
distinction between donor and recipient will become
history, Ireland, Spain, Portugal, Korea, bail outs –
changing pattern of resources
 MDGs to High Level Panel and UN post 2015 settlement
 Open data and IT empowers even very poor and crisis-
affected people to provide feedback, demand
accountability, pursue opportunity
 Humanitarian community views on post 2015?

5. Extreme $1.25 a day poverty is falling:
from 40% in 1981, to 25% in 2008
2015 & 2025: World
Bank projections

6. If nothing changes, it will be 2080 before
extreme poverty is eradicated – a continuing
humanitarian crisis

7. Brazil: President Dilma has committed
to eradicating absolute poverty by 2015

8. Big resource mix with potential to eliminate $1.25/$2 a day poverty
and reduce vulnerability to natural or manmade shocks that cause
crisis and can leave people in intergenerational poverty
Foreign direct
investment
ODA
Humanitarian aid
Portfolio equity
Other official
flows
Development
finance
institutions
Public and
private debt NGOs
flows
South-South
Remittances cooperation
Source: Development Initiatives based on World Bank, UNCTAD, IMF, UN ,
OECD DAC , annual reports

9. Afghanistan resource mix shows how modest
humanitarian and development assistance is
compared to military & security spending
Source: Development Initiatives based on OECD DAC and SIPRI

10. The number of non-DAC humanitarian donors
has been growing in the last decade...
180
160 non-DAC donors
reporting to the FTS
140
120
DAC donors
reporting to the FTS
Number of donors
100
130
80
95 101
92
60 70
52 54 57
47 41 40
40
20
23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Source: Development Initiatives based on UN OCHA FTS and OECD DAC

11. Non-DAC humanitarian volumes up to 10% of global
humanitarian spend, somewhat volatile, but very
significant for some recipients – and growing in influence
1,000 10%
900 9%
800 8%
700 7% HA from non-DAC
donors, volume
600 6%
US$ million
% of NDD
500 5%
400 4%
HA from non-DAC
donors, % of total
300 3%
HA
200 2%
100 1%
- 0%
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Source: Development Initiatives based on UN OCHA FTS and OECD DAC

12. Aid as % public expenditure 2010

13. Non-DAC donor humanitarian aid contributions to
Yemen, Bangladesh and Maldives compared with DAC
donor contributions, 2006-2009
2009
Maldives 71.9 8.7
2008
Yemen 105.4 17.7
2007
Bangladesh 172.5 75.4
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Non-DAC donors DAC donors
Source: Development initiatives based on UN OCHA FTS and OECD DAC data, US$ million

14. ...with Gulf states representing the majority of non DAC
humanitarian flows
1,000
900
800
700
600
US$ million
500
400
300
200
100
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Gulf states BRICS EU 12 All other donors
Source: Development Initiatives based on UN OCHA FTS

15. Non DAC aid still a modest but growing part of global
picture – and aid overall has risen over the decade
160
"ODA like" flows from non-
DAC countries
140
ODA from DAC countries
US$ billion (constant 2010 prices)
120
100
80
60
40
20
-
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Source: Development Initiatives based on UN OCHA FTS and OECD DAC

16. Non DAC donors channel more humanitarian aid through governments
35% NDD, 33%
Share of HJA through public
30%
25%
20%
sector
1,200
15% DAC
10% donors, 9%
1,000
5%
Other
0%
800
2007-11
US$ million
Multilateral
600 organisations
400
NGOs
200 Public sector
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Source: Development initiatives based on UN OCHA FTS and OECD DAC

17. Donors prioritise different countries for different reasons
35%
ODA and HA shares to Oceania, 2007-11
30%
25%
Share of total
20%
Australia
15%
Other DAC donors
10%
5%
0%
HA ODA
40%
ODA and HA shares to the Great Lakes region, 2007-11
35%
30%
Share of total
25%
20% Belgium
15%
Other DAC donors
10%
5%
0%
ODA HA
Source: Development initiatives based on OECD DAC data

18. Sudan
HA from all donors Pakistan
Haiti
Palestine/OPT
Ethiopia
2009-11
Afghanistan
Congo, Dem. Rep.
Somalia
Kenya
Iraq
Other
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Pakistan
HA from Gulf States Sudan
Palestinian territory, occupied
Somalia
Syrian Arab Republic
2009-11
Yemen
Haiti
Afghanistan
Lebanon
Bangladesh
Other
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Source: Development initiatives based on UN OCHA FTS and OECD DAC

19. For some countries humanitarian aid is more
relevant than development aid..
80%
70%
60%
HA as a % of total ODA
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Libya Somalia Korea, Dem. Rep. Chad Sudan Syria South Asia, regional
Myanmar Zimbabwe Haiti
Source: Development Initiatives based on OECD DAC