classical conditioning and operant conditioning example learning and its type

1. DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY
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2. Types of learning
•Flexible •Restricted
Type of Flexible learning.
An animal behavior changes because of an association it makes with two stimuli.
Classical
Conditioning
• Learning to associate an automatic behavior
(or feeling) with stimulus.
Operant
Conditioning
• Learning that occurs through rewards and
punishments for behavior.
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3.  Also known as Pavlovian
Conditioning.
 Proposed by Ivan Petro
vich Pavlov (1849-1936).
 A normal response to a
stimulus becomes
associated with a new
stimulus, which is then
capable of eliciting a
response.
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4. Unconditioned
stimulus (US):
• Produces response
without prior
learning
• Example- Food.
Unconditioned
Response
(UR):
• The response to
US. This is not
due to learning.
• Example-
salivation on
seeing food.
Conditioned
Stimulus (CS):
• It is that stimulus which
was previously neutral. It
produces response after
learning/ has occurred.
• Example-sound of bell.
Conditioned
response(CR):
• The response to CS.
This is due to learning.
• Example-salivation
on hearing bell.
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5. During Experiment
Setup
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6.  Also called instrumental conditioning or Trial and
error learning.
 Learning in which the frequency of a behavior
depends on the consequence that follows that
behavior.
 B.F Skinner is regarded as the Father of Operant
Conditioning. His work is based on Thorndike's law of
Effect.
• Any event that strengthens
the behavior it follows
REINFORCEMENT
• Any event that decreases
the behavior it follows
PUNISHMENT
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7. B. F
. Skinner constructed an operant
chamber, popularly known as a “Skinner
box,” that deprives an animal of all external
stimuli other than those under the control of
theexperimenter
REINFORCEMENT
POSITIVE
NEGATIVE
PUNISHMENT
POSITIVE
NEGATIVE
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8.  https://project542.weebly.com/uploads/1/7/1/0/17108470/b.f._sk
inner__operant_conditioning_-_simply_psychology.pdf
 BOOK- ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR
WRITER- REENA MATHUR
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