1. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF PEAT
SOIL IN RAPP RELATED TO
WATER TABLE DEPTH
D.K. KALSIM
11 May 2015
1DEDI K. KALSIM

2. 0
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.1
0.12
0.14
0.16
0.18
0.2
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90 90-100
BD(g/cc)
TotalPore(%)
Soil depth (cm)
BD vs Total Pore of HST peat (Typic Haplo-Saprist)
Total Pore (%) BD (g/cc)
BD-TOTAL PORE
2DEDI K. KALSIM

3. PEAT BD-SOIL DEPTH
3
0.13
0.05
0.21 0.19
DEDI K. KALSIM

4. Retention curve (pF-%v)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
SoilMoisture(%v/v)
Soil Depth (cm)
pF1 pF2.54 pF4.2
4DEDI K. KALSIM

5. WT=100 CM – DRY SEASON
y = -0.0021x3 + 0.3517x2 - 22.427x + 462.52
R² = 0.872
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75
Soildepth(cm)
Soil moisture (% vol)
Soil moisture profile WT=100 cm, I 062-PES, March 2014
57%
5DEDI K. KALSIM

6. CONCLUSION
• AT DRY SEASON WT=100 CM, SM AT SOIL
SURFACE 38%vol (WP=30%, FC=42%)
• WHAT HAPPENED IF WT=40 CM?
– SM AT SOIL SURFACE 57% vol (FC=42%, SAT=60%)
– ONLY 3% AIR AVAILABLE- not enough?? –opt 20%
– RETARDED GROWTH – WORSE IN WET SEASON??
6DEDI K. KALSIM

7. Acacia crassicarpa
Age : 36 months old
Height: 21 m
DBH : 14 cm
(Diameter Breast height)
Roots depth : 96 cm
Water Table level: 110 cm
Acacia crassicarpa root growth depth
in relation to peat water table level
7DEDI K. KALSIM

8. Acacia crassicarpa
Age : 36 months old
Height: 17 m
DBH : 10 cm
(Diameter Breast height)
Roots depth : 40 cm, roots
tends to grow above water
table
Acacia crassicarpa poorer growth and DBH in areas where
peat water table fluctuates between high and medium level
Water Table 45 cm
8DEDI K. KALSIM

9. Acacia crassicarpa plantation 36 months
Tree Toppling / Leaning is an issue in peat areas
9DEDI K. KALSIM

10. MVOL - PEAT DEPTH
10
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
Mvol(m3/ha)
Peat Thickness
Peat Thickness vs Mvol at 4 - 5 Years ACRA at
Sapric Peat Type in Pelalawan Sector at Rotation 2
n = 69
>3m
<3m
STATISTICALLY
NOT
SIGNIFICANT
DIFFERENCE
DEDI K. KALSIM

11. TAMBAHAN
25 May 2015
DEDI K. KALSIM 11

12. From Wetlands International 2013
12DEDI K. KALSIM

13. Peatland is Economical Sustainable – Actual growth data for
Acacia Plantations in Pelalwan by Rotation – MAI is increasing
Pelalawan Estate B
13DEDI K. KALSIM

14. Effect of water table & bulk density to soil C flux
Melling (2015) 14DEDI K. KALSIM

15. 15DEDI K. KALSIM

16. Effect of Water Table on
Acacia crassicarpa growth
• Peat Drum Study:
– Treatments: Water Table 20, 40, 60, 80cm
– Location : R&D Nursery
– Objective : to determine root behaviour in a controlled
water table
• Results 6 months after planting:
– No significant difference in term of height growth
– Root depth is significantly affected by water table
– Root depth followed the water table; Root did not grow into
the water
– Lower water table has higher root depth: shoot height ratio
than high water table
16DEDI K. KALSIM

17. 20cm 80cm
17DEDI K. KALSIM
PEAT DRUM STUDY

18. Higher RD:SH ratio implies a better tree stability (more
balanced biomass distribution)
Water
Table
(cm)
Root
Depth
(cm)
Shoot
Height
(cm)
RD:SH
Ratio
20 21.3 123 0.17
40 39.8 136 0.29
60 60.0 112 0.54
80 78.6 133 0.59
18DEDI K. KALSIM

19. Soil Compaction
(PT Pulau Sambu, Guntung Riau)
DEDI K. KALSIM 19