2. RETINOPATHY- Non-inflammatory disease of the retina.
PREMATURITY-Bilateral proliferative retinopathy,occurring in
premature infants.
DEFINATION:
A premature infant of low birth weight exposed to a
high ambient oxygen concentration.
3. ETIOPATHOGENESIS:
Vascularization of peripheral retina.
In the normal development of retina , the vessels reach the retina after 8 months
of gestation and temporal periphery about 1 month after delivery.
4. LOCATION OF DISEASE
(ZONES OF INVOLVEMENT)
OF ROP:
-Bounded by an imaginary circle.
-Extends from the edge of zone I.
-Consists of residual temporal crescent.
ZONE
I
ZONE
II
ZONE
III
5. LOCATION OF DISEASE
(ZONES OF INVOLVEMENT)
OF ROP:
Division of retina into zones (l,ll,lll) and clock hour positions to depict
involvement in retinopathy of prematurity.
ContdâŠ
9. STAGE II: Ridge.
Isolated neovascular tufts
Ridge
An elevated ridge of mesenchymal tissue is present at the border of the vascular and
avascular retina
10. STAGE III: Extra retinal fibrovascular proliferation.
Severe extra retinal fibrovascular proliferation.
14. OTHER FEATURES:
1. Plus Disease-
Signifies a tendency to progress.
Vascular dilation in retinopathy of prematurity
âplusâ disease
15. 2.Pre-plus disease-
Abnormal dilatation which is not sufficient to be
designated as plus disease.
3.Rush disease-
Refers to ROP located in zone I with plus disease.
Aggressive posterior ROP
16. 4.Threshold disease-
Refers to stage III ROP.
Threshold ROP in premature infant with stage 3
disease bordering zone 1 and zone 2 and the presence
of plus disease
17. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS:
Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR).
Advanced retrolental fibroplasia.
SCREENING AND MANAGEMENT:
ï Mature retina â
Is labelled when the vessels have reached within one
disc diameter of both nasal and temporal ora-serrata.
ï Immature retina-
Is labelled when the vessels are short of one disc
diameter of the nasal or temporal ora but ROP is not developed
yet.
ï Reninopathy of prematurity-
ROP is detected.
18. TREATMENT:
ï Laser Photocoagulation.
Laser photocoagulation for threshold ROP-
A. Threshold eye prior to laser therapy.
B. Immediately after laser therapy.
C. 1 week after laser therapy.
D. 3 months after laser therapy.