Social Studies project

1. ISSUES AFFECTING
THE CARIBBEAN
Drugs
COVID -1 9
AIDS
P A R T I C I P A N T S : A v a n i m o h a m m e d , S a v e e r a h o s e i n , R a d i y a h k h a n , m i l a n d o o k o o , C i a r a R a v e l l o d a r a b i e

2. WHAT ARE THESE ISSUES?
A respiratory disease caused by
SARS-CoV-2
COVID -1 9
Illegal medicines or illegal
substances that people take
because of the effect that they
provide.
The name used to describe
several potentially life-
threatening infections and
illnesses that happen when your
immune system has been
severely damaged by the HIV
virus.
DRUGS AIDS

3. EXAMPLE EXAMPLE EXAMPLE
1. Peer Pressure: Young people,
teenagers especially, are
vulnerable to peer pressure,
therefore, if they are associated
with the wrong groups (gangs),
they would want to blend in and
copy the others’ actions to feel
valued.
Reducing Stress: In instances
such as broken families, loss of
jobs or even school, persons tend
to build up stress, which can
further lead to them struggling to
sleep or focus on daily tasks. As
of currently, many people are
getting laid off from their jobs, to
which they try drugs to reduce
stress.
CAUSES OF ISSUES IN THE CARIBBEAN
1. No Check-Ups: As citizens
refused to get their medical
check-ups, they continued to
move around places freely.
Without knowing, they could
have been spreading the
disease, which later became a
pandemic.
2. Tourism: During the beginning
of the COVID outbreak,
borders were left open,
allowing tourists from larger,
more populated areas to enter
the Caribbean. Foreigners in
the countries could lead to
them also bringing their foreign
diseases (Covid).
1. Sex Trafficking/Rape: Three
of the top ten recorded rape rates
occur in the Caribbean. Most of
the time, rapers are unclean and
do not use protection, which
allows their diseases to be
transferred to the victims, against
the wills.
2. Sex Tourism/Prostitution: In
certain countries, such as Trinidad
and Tobago, prostitution is legal.
As prostitutes partake in higher
amounts of sex on a daily basis,
they are at greater chances of
obtaining HIV/AIDS. They are
more likely to engage in risky
sexual behaviours.

4. Solution 1: Strengthening law
enforcement and border control:l
● Increase funding and resources
for law enforcement agencies to
combat drug trafficking
and smuggling in the Caribbean.
● Enhance cooperation and
intelligence sharing among
Caribbean countries to effectively
track and intercept drug
shipments.
● Strengthen border control
measures, such as improving
technology and training for
customs officers to detect and
seize drugs.
Solutions OF ISSUES IN THE CARIBBEAN
Solution 2: Community-based
prevention and rehabilitation
programs:
● Implement comprehensive drug
prevention programs in schools
and communities to raise
awareness about the dangers of
drug abuse.
● Establish rehabilitation centers
and support networks to provide
treatment and support for
individuals struggling with drug
addiction.
● Collaborate with NGOs and
community organizations to
provide counseling, vocational
training, and job placement
opportunities.

5. Solution 1: Vaccination campaigns
and distribution:
● Develop and implement
comprehensive vaccination
campaigns targeting the entire
population, focusing on high-risk
groups and vulnerable
communities.
● Establish vaccination centers in
easily accessible locations across
the Caribbean, ensuring
efficient and equitable distribution
of vaccines.
● Collaborate with international
organizations and governments to
secure an adequate
supply of vaccines.
Solutions OF ISSUES IN THE CARIBBEAN
Solution 2: Strengthening
healthcare systems and
infrastructure:
● Invest in healthcare
infrastructure, including the
expansion of hospital capacity,
procurement of necessary medical
equipment.
● Improve testing and contact
tracing capabilities to identify and
isolate infected
individuals promptly.
● Enhance public health
messaging and education
campaigns to promote adherence
to preventive measures, such as
mask-wearing, hand hygiene, and
social distancing.

6. Solution 1: Comprehensive sex
education and awareness
campaigns:
● Implement age-appropriate and
evidence-based sex education
programs in schools to
educate young people about safe
sex practices, including the proper
use of condoms.
● Launch public awareness
campaigns to reduce the stigma
associated with HIV/AIDS,
encouraging individuals to get
tested regularly and seek early
treatment.
● Distribute free or low-cost
condoms and provide easy
access to HIV testing.
Solutions OF ISSUES IN THE CARIBBEAN
Solution 2: Improved healthcare
infrastructure and access to
treatment:
● Increase funding for healthcare
infrastructure, including hospitals,
clinics, and testing
facilities, to enhance the capacity
for HIV/AIDS diagnosis and
treatment.
● Negotiate with pharmaceutical
companies to lower the cost of
antiretroviral therapy
(ART) and ensure its availability to
all individuals living with
HIV/AIDS.

7. Economic effect Social effect
Drug abuse has a major impact on public health
and safety around the world, with economic
costs such as prevention and treatment costs,
health-care and hospital costs, increased
morbidity and mortality. Additionally, people
under the influence of drugs pose major safety
risks and costs to people around them and the
environment, such as drug-affected driving
accidents. Globally, drug-related deaths account
for between 0.5 and 1.3 per cent of all-cause
mortality for people aged 15-64 years, with
211,000 drug-related deaths annually, with
younger people facing a particularly high risk.
Addiction is a disease that can have negative
social consequences, such as destructive
behavior, high-risk sexual behavior, and reckless
behavior. It can also cause long-term changes to
the brain, such as addiction, which can lead to
incarceration, harm to others, and unemployment.
These changes in behavior can have drastic
effects on the individual suffering from substance
use disorder, as well as those around them, but can
also have immense long-term social effects.
Examples of these long-term social effects
include: Incarceration, harm to another person,
harm to yourself, unemployment, and breakdown
of relationships.
Economic and social effect of issues

8. Economic effect Social effect
The COVID-19 pandemic triggered the largest
global economic crisis in more than a century,
leading to a dramatic increase in inequality
within and across countries. Preliminary
evidence suggests that the recovery from the
crisis will be uneven, with emerging economies
and economically disadvantaged groups needing
much more time to recover. The economic
impacts of the pandemic were especially severe
in emerging economies, where income losses
caused by the pandemic revealed and worsened
some preexisting economic fragilities. The crisis
had a dramatic impact on global poverty and
inequality, with global poverty increasing for the
first time in a generation and disproportionate
income losses among disadvantaged populations
leading to a dramatic rise in inequality within and
across countries.
The COVID-19 outbreak affects all segments of the
population, particularly those in the most
vulnerable situations. Early evidence suggests that
the health and economic impacts of the virus are
being borne disproportionately by poor people,
such as homeless people, refugees, migrants, and
displaced persons. People without access to
running water, refugees, migrants, and displaced
persons also stand to suffer disproportionately
from the pandemic and its aftermath due to limited
movement, fewer employment opportunities, and
increased xenophobia.
Economic and social effect of issues

9. Economic effect Social effect
AIDS has the potential to create severe
economic impacts in many African countries. It is
different from most other diseases in that it
strikes people in the most productive age groups
and is 100% fatal. The two major economic
effects are a reduction in the labor supply and
increased costs. The direct costs of AIDS include
expenditures for medical care, drugs, and funeral
expenses. Indirect costs include lost time due to
illness, recruitment and training costs to replace
workers, and care of orphans.
The household impacts begin as soon as a
member of the household starts to suffer from
HIV-related illnesses. Loss of income of the
patient (who is often the main breadwinner) and
household expenditures for medical expenses
may increase substantially. Death results in a
permanent loss of income, from less labor on the
farm or from lower remittances, funeral and
mourning costs.
This study provides an overview of the evidence
base on the immediate and short-term effects of
adult HIV on children. It traces these
consequences from their origin in the health and
wellbeing of adults on whom children depend,
through multiple pathways to negative impacts for
children. It highlights the evidence of negative
consequences, including those affecting health,
cognitive development, education, child mental
health, exposure to abuse and adolescent risk
behaviour. It also highlights the evidence of
positive outcomes, despite adversity, considering
the importance of recognizing and supporting the
development of resilience. This study is the first in
a series of three commissioned by President's
Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR)/United
States Agency for International Development
(USAID). The summary provided here was used to
inform a second study which seeks to identify
insights from the broader child development field.
Economic and social effect of issues

10. THANK YOU FOR YOUR
TIME
THE END