5. 1.-What is Magnetism?
Magnetism is the power
of magnets to attract
things.
A magnet is an object that can attract
metal objects made of iron, steel, nickel
and some other materials.
2.-What is a magnet?
6. Magnets have been known for
centuries.
The Chinese and Greeks knew about
the โmagicalโ properties of magnets.
The ancient Greeks used a stone
called โmagnetite.โ They discovered
that the stone always pointed in the
same direction.
7. 3.- TYPES OF MAGNETS
NATURAL MAGNETS
ARTIFICIAL MAGNETS
Are foundin nature.
For example some rocks
Are man-made.
They are usually made of iron
or steel.
lodestone
9. Object Material Prediction Result Was your answer
correct?
PENCIL
PAPER CLIP
COIN
MARBLE
SCISSORS
KEYS
PEN
What will make a magnet move?
XWOOD YES
10. Object Material Prediction Result Was your answer
correct?
PENCIL WOOD
PAPER CLIP IRON
COIN Steel covered by Copper.
MARBLE GLASS
SCISSORS IRON
KEYS IRON
PEN PLASTIC
What will make a magnet move?
X
X
18. 1.-Tie the thread around the middle of one
of the magnets.
2.- Hold it up by the thread.
3.- Use the compass to see which is the
north end of the magnet. (The north end of
the magnet will point in the same direction
as the north pointer in the compass).
4.- Repeat for the other magnet.
Then answer the questions.
19. If you put two magnets together with
different poles pointing towards one
another, the magnets will pull towards
each other. We say they attract each
other.
In this picture a north and a south pole are
pulling towards each other (attracting
each other).
20. If you try to put two magnets together with
the same poles pointing towards one another,
the magnets will push away from each other.
We say they repel each other.
21. When two like poles are
placed together they repel
each other.
22. โข So now we know that โlikeโ poles repel
each otherโฆ
โข and that โoppositeโ poles attract each
other.
23. Magnets are in most electronic devices, in fact,
anything that has a motor uses a magnet.
They are used to slow
down roller coasters
and subways.
More uses of magnets are found every day!
24. If you cut a magnet in half,
you get 2 magnets!
25. A magnet has a
โmagnetic fieldโ
distributed throughout
the surrounding space
Michael Faraday realized that ...
26. William Gilbert, an English
physician, first proposed in
1600 that the Earth itself is a
magnet, and he predicted
that the Earth would be
found to have magnetic
poles.
27. The Earth is a magnet:
Magnetic South Pole
Magnetic North Pole
It exerts magnetic forces
and is surrounded by a
magnetic field that is
strongest near the
North and South
magnetic poles
Geographic North Pole
Geographic South Pole
28. We use the Earthโs magnetic field to find
direction.
The needle of a compass always points toward the magnetic south pole.
We call this direction โNorthโ (remember, opposites attract)
29. 1.- What is electricity?
2.- Types of electricity
2.1.-Static electricity
2.2.-Electrical current
3.- The movement of an electrical current.
4.- Elements of an electric circuit.
30. 9V
+ -
Electricity is a form of energy.
1.- What is electricity?
-+
Electricity give us light and heat.
It also makes machines work.
For example, Washing machines,
computers and microwave ovens
It is expressed in Volts (V)
31. 2.- Types of electricity
Static
electricity
Electrical
current
33. After being rubbed,
a plastic ruler can
attract paper scraps.
The ruler has got static electricity.
Is it magic?
34. Matter is made up of atoms.
+
+
+
โ
โโ
+
โ
Proton (positive charge)
neutron (neutral)
electron (negative charge)
atom nucleus
No, it isn,t
Explanation
35. When a ruler is rubbed with a
piece of wool...
โ electrons are pulled from the
wool to the ruler.
The ruler has more electrons than
usual.
+
+
+
+
+
โ
โ
โ
โ
โ The ruler: โ charged,
The wool: +charged
wool
36. HANDS-ON ACTIVITY
โข You will need:
โข Two balloons of two different
colour per group.
โข Sticky tape.
โข A duster or wool cloth per group.
37. INVESTIGATION
*Inflate the balloons (not too much) and tie a
knot at the open end. Inflate both balloons to
a similar size to make the test fair. Tie the
string to the knots.
*Rub one of the balloons with the wool cloth,
but not the other.
*Move your open hand near the balloon you
didnโt rub, but without touching it. Then do
the same with the balloon you rubbed .
38. BEFORE STARTING THE EXPERIMENT
โข 1.-QUESTION(WHAT DO WE WANT TO
TEST)?
โข 2.-PROCEDURES: (HOW ARE WE GOING
TO CONDUCT THE TEST.)?
โข 3.- PREDICTION( WHAT DO WE THINK IS
GOING TO HAPPEN?
โข 4.-CONCLUSION: (WHAT ACTUALLY
HAPPENED?)
39. USE A AN INVESTIGATION RECORD
SHEET.
*QUESTION: Will the two balloons behave the
same way?
*PROCEDURES: inflate two balloons. Rub one of
the balloons with the wool cloth, but not the
other. Move your open hand near the balloon.
*PREDICTION: One of the balloons will move.
*CONCLUSION: The balloon that was rubbed has
got static electricity, that is why it moves.
42. 9V
+ -
3.- The movement of an electrical current.
e-1
-+
e-1
e-1
e-1
e-1
e-1
e-1
e-1
We classify objects according
to whether they let in electric current
pass through them in:
CONDUCTORS
INSULATORS.
45. Try some materials in a circuit
to find out if they are
CONDUCTORS OR INSULATORS.
INVESTIGATION
46. Electrical charges can only flow
through a closed circuit.
When all the components are
connected together,
the circuit is closed.
If the circuit is open,
electrical
current cannot flow.
4. Elements of electric circuits.
47. A circuit will only work if it is
___________.
This means that it must make
a complete __________
Otherwise the _____________
canโt flow.
COMPLETE
LOOP.
ENERGY
SUMMARY
49. A which provides the electricity,for
example, one or more batteries.
like copper wires, which
electricity flows through
.
, or loads, which transform
electricity into another type of energy, for
example a light, a buzzer or a motor.
A to open or close the circuit
The circuit also needs some components to
work:
generator
Conductor
Receptor
switch
(s)
(s)