2. Prey-Predator
1) Its an interaction between two organisms of unlike species in
which one of them acts as predator that captures and feeds on the
other organism that serves as the prey.
2) In ecology, predation is a mechanism of population control. Thus,
when the number of predators is scarce the number of preys should
rise. When this happens the predators would be able to reproduce
more and possibly change their hunting habits. As the number of
predators rises, the number of preys decline. This results in food
scarcity for predators that can eventually lead to the death of many
predators.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/
thumb/6/61/MNP_Python_at_Moyer.jpg/220px-
MNP_Python_at_Moyer.jpg
Indian Python swallowing a full
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/
Male_Lion_and_Cub_Chitwa_South_Africa_Luca_Galuzzi_2004.JPG/220px-
Male_Lion_and_Cub_Chitwa_South_Africa_Luca_Galuzzi_2004.JPG
grown Chital Deer at Mudumalai
Lion and cub eating a Cape Buffalo
National Park
3. Mutualism
relationship between two
species of organisms that
benefits both species
Example:
Bee collecting pollen
Bees and Sunflowers http://www.picable.com/Nature/Insects/Close-up-of-Bee-Collecting-Pollen.884123
Bees get honey for food
Sunflower gets itself pollinated
or pollen gets pollinated to
other plants
Butterfly collecting pollen
http://blogs.answersingenesis.org/blogs/creation-museum/2006/11/24/little-blessings/
http://www.nearctica.com/ecology/pops/mutual.htm#pollinate
4. Commensalism
Commensalism is a relationship between 2 animals
where 1 organism benefits while the other is
neutral (no harm done nor any benefit is gained).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commensalism
http://www.bio.miami.edu/dana/pix/cattle_egret.jpg http://sanctuaries.noaa.gov/pgallery/pgfarallones/living/barnacles_300.jpg
The Barnacles live on whales and
The birds are looking out for insects
get transported to different
that are stirred up by the cattle.
areas with the whale. The get to
This benefits the birds as they get
go to different parts of the
food to eat.
ocean to feed.
5. Parasitism
• Relationship where 1 organism (Parasite)
benefits at the expense of another organism
(host)
Example:
• Cymothoa exigua , a Tongue-eating louse
• Parasite of the spotted-rose snapper The little bugger
•
(n.d). Retrieved from http://themanyfacesofspaces.com/
Drinks blood from the fish’s tongue Parasitic_Isopod_Cymothoa_exigua.jpg
• Replaces tongue with itself
• (n.d). Retrieved from http://themanyfacesofspaces.com/MFS-StrangeButTrue-
CreaturesAnimals8.html
6. Symbiotic relationships
among plants
Commensalism:
Creeper plants
(Epiphytes) climb up
a tree to reach the
canopy for sunlight Boston Ivy ‘climbing’ on a
wall A creeper plant climbing
up onto a sturdy tree to
reach sunlight.
http://www.plantcare.com/encyclopedia/boston-ivy-745.aspx http://www.jungleschool.com.my/educamps.html
http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/S/Symbiosis.html#Epiphytes
