1. UNIVERSITE DE DSCHANG
UNIVERSITY OF DSCHANG
Lessons on Benefit Sharing Schemes in Cameroon: A
Case of Mount Cameroon National Park, South West
Region.
PRESENTED BY
AGBORTOKO BATE ASHU
B.Sc.( Hons) in Environmental Science
January 2015
4. 1.1. BACKGROUND (1/3)
The notion of benefit sharing in natural
resources management was first formalized
in 1992 through the Convention on
Biological Diversity (CBD), to address
problems with the governance of
socio ecological systems in developing‑
countries (Nkhata et al., 2012).
5. 1.1. BACKGROUND (2/3)
o Benefit sharing under this arrangement is often
the outcome of national policies and legislation,
which establish minimum requirements for
setting up benefits and transfers and do not
require an agreement between local and external
entities (Behr et al., 2012).
o Hence if access to forests and changes in land use
are limited, local populations will have to be
compensated for the loss of income and resources
(COP15, 2009) .
7. 1.2. PROBLEM STATEMENT (2/2)
Research Question
What is the status of the benefit sharing schemes in Mount
Cameroon National Park(MCNP), South West Region of
Cameroon?
Secondary Questions
What are the benefits sharing schemes used in the Mount Cameroon
National Park?
Who are the stakeholders involved and their level of implementation
in Benefit Sharing Schemes in the Mount Cameroon National Park?
What is the contribution of the benefit sharing schemes in current
livelihoods in the villages around Mount Cameroon National Park?
What is the level of implementation for benefit-sharing schemes in
Mount Cameroon National Park, South West of Cameroon?
8. 1.3. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
Main Objective
Contribute to the sustainable management of natural resources via
analyzing the existing benefit-sharing schemes in Mount
Cameroon National Park.
Specific Objectives
To identify benefit sharing schemes existing in Mount
Cameroon National Park, South West Region of
Cameroon.
To identify and evaluate stakeholders’ involve in various
benefit sharing schemes in Mount Cameroon National
Park, South West Region of Cameroon.
To determine the roles benefit sharing schemes play in
current livelihoods in the villages around Mount
Cameroon National Park.
To determine gaps related to the implementation of each
benefit-sharing scheme in Mount Cameroon National
Park, South West Region of Cameroon.
9. 1.4. RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
Main Hypothesis
Achieving effectiveness, efficiency and equity is the main
driver of community benefit sharing schemes gaps in Mount
Cameroon National Park.
Secondary Hypothesis
Prunus africana benefits sharing scheme is the main benefit
sharing scheme existing in the Mount Cameroon National Park.
The local population is the main stakeholder involved in
benefit-sharing schemes in Mount Cameroon National Park.
Improving living standards is the main role benefit sharing
schemes play in current livelihoods in the villages around
Mount Cameroon National Park.
The local community is satisfied with the benefits received
from Mount Cameroon National Park.
12. 2.2 DATA COLLECTION (1/2)
Specific Objectives Primary Data Collection Data Analysis
To identify benefit
sharing schemes
existing in Mount
Cameroon National
Park, South West
Region of Cameroon.
Reports in the MCNP showed the various
benefit sharing schemes that exist.
Focus group discussion meetings were
held (participatory appraisal method) to
confirm the benefits with the communities.
-Statistical package
for social sciences
(SPSS) Ver. 19
-Microsoft Excel
To identify and evaluate
stakeholders’ involve in
various benefit sharing
schemes in Mount
Cameroon National
Park, South West
Region of Cameroon.
Focus group discussion meetings were
held (participatory appraisal method) in ten
villages with interview various
stakeholders’.
156 open and closed questionnaires were
administered to affected individuals
(Villages include Bova 1, Bonakanda,
Bwassa, Mapanja, Liola-Buea, Lilale, Bova-
Bomboko, Ebie, Bakingili and Etome).
-Statistical package
for social sciences
(SPSS) Ver. 19
-Microsoft Excel
-Stakeholders’
Analysis toolkit.
Table.1. Procedures of Primary Data Collection
13. 2.2 DATA COLLECTION (2/2)
Specific Objectives Primary Data Collection Data Analysis
To determine the roles
benefit sharing schemes
play in current livelihoods
in the villages around
Mount Cameroon National
Park.
Focus group discussion meetings were held
(participatory appraisal method) in ten villages
with interview guides coupled with direct field
observation.
156 open and closed questionnaires were
administered to affected individuals (Villages
include Bova 1, Bonakanda, Bwassa,
Mapanja, Liola-Buea, Lilale, Bova-Bomboko,
Ebie, Bakingili and Etome).
-Statistical package
for social sciences
(SPSS) Ver. 19
-Microsoft Excel
To determine gaps related
to the implementation of
each benefit-sharing
scheme in Mount
Cameroon National Park,
South West Region of
Cameroon.
-Statistical package
for social sciences
(SPSS) Ver. 19
-Microsoft Excel
-Benefit sharing
performance using
3E (efficiency,
effectiveness and
equity)
16. 3.2. STAKEHOLDERS’ INVOLVEMENT IN BENEFIT
SHARING SCHEMES
Stakeholders in Ecotourism Benefit sharing scheme in
the Mount Cameroon region in general include: the
local population, local tour operator, Government of
Cameroon through MINFOF, MINTOUR, World Bank,
GIZ and KFW.
Stakeholders in Prunus africana management scheme
in the Mount Cameroon region in general include: the
local population, MOCAP, AFRIMED, Government of
Cameroon through MINFOF, GIZ and KFW.
Stakeholders in the Conservation Incentives Systems
in the Mount Cameroon National Park include: the
local population, Government of Cameroon through
MINFOF, GIZ, KFW, GFA, PMNSR-SW, ICRAF, and
ITTO.
17. 3.3 ROLES BENEFIT SHARING SCHEMES PLAY IN
LIVELIHOODS (1/2)
3.3.1. ROLES PRUNUS AFRICANA SCHEME PLAY
17.24% of the respondents in the West Coast cluster said the benefits received
improve their incomes.
6.25% of respondents in the Buea cluster said the benefits are used for village
developmental projects
1.64% of the respondents in the Bomboko cluster said the benefits are used to
cure illness acquired during the exploitation
18. 3.3 ROLES BENEFIT SHARING SCHEMES PLAY IN LIVELIHOODS
(2/2)
3.3.2. ROLES CONSERVATION INCENTIVE SCHEME PLAY
83.33% of respondents in the Muyuka
cluster said the benefits were used to
purchase chairs.
1.64% of respondent in the Bomboko
cluster said the benefit were used for
village development projects
13.97% of respondents in the West
coast cluster while 1.64% in the
Bomboko cused the benefits for
village development projects.
19. SCHEMES
TABLE4. 3E PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS
BSM in
MCNP
EFFECTIVENESS EFFICIENCY EQUITY
Ecotourism
Benefit
Sharing
scheme
Ecotourism benefit
sharing activities are
now the focus of the
MCNP management
plan which is legalized
and valid for 5years.
-1.136 visitors in 2013
making a total of
5,579,475FCFA
-1.585 visitors in 2014
making a total of
7,284,500 FCFA paid as
park entry fee
-300 jobs have been
created
-The equity criteria is
not evident as 7.7%
of respondents have
benefited.
Prunus
africana Mgt
sharing
Scheme
-A common initiative
group MOCAP is
functional according to
the norms for creating a
benefit sharing scheme.
-52.160 tons of Prunus
and generated a total of
18.256.175 FCFA.
-10.3% of
respondents benefit
from the exploitation
of Prunus.
20. SCHEMES
TABLE 4. 3E PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS
BSM in
MCNP
EFFECTIVENESS EFFICIENCY EQUITY
Conservation
Incentive
sharing
Scheme
-34 villages have
received Conservation
Bonus
-Conservation Credit for
all the villages have
been for 2013.
-42 VFMCs were
created in the village
communities
-The sum of one hundred
and sixty-five million
francs CFA (165 000
000 francs CFA) was
used to fund community
based development
activities in the MCNP.
-The money for the
payment of
conservation bonus and
credit are available till
2017.
-The equity criteria is
evident as most
communities have
received benefits.
22. 4.1. CONCLUSION
Conservation Incentive benefits sharing scheme/ system is the main
benefit sharing scheme existing in the Mount Cameroon National
Park with 55.1% of respondents benefiting from conservation bonus
The local population is mostly made up of farmers hence 88% of
respondents showing that there is a lot of pressure on the nature
resources in the National Park
Livelihoods of the communities around the park has been affected as
moneys have been received and projects carried out.
Communities are satisfied with the benefits they receive which aids
in developing their livelihood hence 58.33% for ecotourism scheme,
56.25% for Prunus africana scheme, 65.11% for Conservation
Bonus and 53.33% for Conservation Credit.
23. 4.2. PERSPECTIVE
o Benefit Sharing Schemes in the MCNP
should be use as a baseline in future
REDD+ projects.
o Benefit Sharing Schemes in MCNP should
be an inspiration to other national parks in
Cameroon.
