Agriculture

2. SUBMITTED TO
SIR USMAN SHABIR
SUBMITTED BY
:BILALAHMAD
ROLL NO:1045
SECTION:B
SEMESTER :4TH
FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE
ISLAMIA ÜNIVERSITY BHAWALPUR

3. Topic
Safflower

4. • Origin and History
• Internationally production
• Production in Pakistan
• Introduction
• Agronomic varieties
• Production technology(Sowing Harvesting)
• Marketing
• Importance and uses

5. • one of oldest crops
• Origin unknown

6. • A minor crop
• Less than 1 million hectares planted
• 500,000mt each year.

9. Production in Pakistan
• Grown only in Sindh
• Baluchistan

10. • Common name:
Safflower (Kosomba)
• Botanical name:
Carthamus tinctorius L
• Family:
Asteraceae

11. • Thistle like plant
• Strong central branch
• stem
• a taproot system.
• 30 to 50 percent OiL
• Usually yellow or orange
• Aslo red or white flowers.

13. • Annual oilseed crop
• Seed contains 25-37% oil
• oil is of drying type
• iodine number up to 149
• contains little linolenic acid
• high percentage of oleic acid.
• health friendly
• also use edible purpose.

15. Safflower plant
⦿

16. • grows best on deep
• fertile
• well- drained
• loam soils
• good water-holding
capacity.
• barley in tolerance
to saline soils.

17. • 2-3 ploughings with planking
⦿

18. • IRRIGATED AREA
•
• RAIN FED AREA
• 15 OCTOBER TO 15 NOVEMBER

19. • ⦿IRRIGATED AREA: 8KG/ACRE OR 20 KG/HA
• ⦿BARANI AREA: 7 KG/ACRE OR 18 KG/HA

20. With hand drill in lines

21. •
•

22. •

23. • 2-3 irrigations

24. •

25. • FaceDiseases in high humidity
• The most serious disease
Alternaria leaf spot (Alternaria carthami)
SYMPTOMS
• large
• brown
• irregular spots on leaves
• and flower bracts.
• reduces yield.

26. Other diseases are :-
1. Safflower rust
2. Seed borne spores of safflower
3. Sclerotinia root rot or head rot
4. Phytopthora root rot
5. Verticillum wilt
6. Fusarium wilt
7. Pythium
8. root rot
9. Pseudomonas bacterial bligh
etc.

27. • planting disease-free seed
• proper fungicides and crop rotation.
• A four-year rotation is recommended
• newer varieties tolerate
theAlternaria leaf spot

28. • Grasshoppers
• cutworms
• wireworms

29. • When 90-95% capsules mature
• Brownish Leaves
• mature about 30 days after flowering.

30. • seed should not exceed 8 percent moisture.
• Dry the seed
• Temperatures should not exceed 110 F
• No seed damage.

31. •
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32. • Grown for its seeds oil
• used for coloring
• flavoring foods
• Medicines
• Red and yellow dyes
• vegetable oil extracted from its seeds.
• nutritionally similar to sunflower oil.

33. • high amount of Vitamin E
• reduces respiratory problem
• helps blood circulation,
• strengthens the immune system.
• improve the hair quality
• moisturize skin giving it a healthy glow.