Pharmacology

1. METHYL ALCOHOL

2. Methanol
 Added to industrial rectified spirit - render
it unfit for drinking.
 Methylated spirit(denatured spirit) is
5 parts of wood naphtha added to 95 parts
of rectified spirit.
 It is tinted blue by methylene blue-
identification.

3. Manufacturing of chemicals
Denaturing agent
Solvents in laboratory
Fuel
 It can be applied on skin for the following
As antiseptic
For cleaning
Astringent purposes
USES

4. Metabolism of Methanol

5. Methanol Poisoning
• Mixing of methylated spirit with alcoholic
beverages or its inadvertant ingestion –
poisoning.
• Blood level>50mg/dl- severe poisoning
15ml methanol-blindness
30ml methanol-death
75-100ml-fatal dose
• Toxic effect-folate

6. Manifestations
Initial symptoms:
• Central nervous system depression
• Headache
• Dizziness and disorientation
• Confusion
• Nausea and vomiting
• Epigastric pain
• Delirium and seizures leading to coma may
occur.

7. Second set of symptoms:
Blurring of vision-blindness
Acidosis
Respiratory failure-Death
Signs
•Tachypnoea
•Dyspnoea
•Bradycardia
•Hypotension

8. TREATMENT
 Keep the patient in dark room
 Gastric lavage with sodium bicarbonate.
 Sodium bicarbonate i.v infusion-combat
acidosis
 Potassium chloride infusion
 Ethanol treatment-competitive inhibition

9. Haemodialysis- clears methanol and formate
Fomepizole-inhibit alcohol dehydrogenase
- 15mg/k[loading dose]
10mg/kg/12hr
- longer half life ,no inebriating action
compared to ethanol
Folate therapy-Calcium leucovorin 50mg/6hr

10. THANK YOU!