Internet of Things, IoT

1. 1
Copyright © 2014 Tata Consultancy Services Limited
From Embedded Systems to Cyber-physical Systems
- Model-driven Development for Internet-of-Things
Dr. Arpan Pal
Principal Scientist and Research Head
Innovation Lab, Kolkata
TCS
With Dr. Arijit Mukherjee
17-May-15

2. 2
Cyber-physical Systems – Internet-of-Everything
Humans
Physical
Objects and
Infrastructure
Computing
Infrastructure
Physical
Context
Discovery
INTERNET OF EVERYTHING
Physical Context
Discovery
What is happening,
where and when
People Context
Discovery
Who is doing what,
where and when, who is
thinking what
Internet
of
Digital
Internet
of
Things
Internet
of
Humans
ABI Research. May 7, 2014
"In the next century, planet earth will don an electronic skin. It will use the
Internet as a scaffold to support and transmit its sensations.“ - Neil Gross 1999

3. 3
 Embedded Systems
– Information processing
systems embedded into
enclosing products
– Typically Stand-alone
– Focus on constrained
devices (CPU, Memory)
– Focus on Real-time
Response and Reliability
(Instruct – Act)
 Cyber-physical Systems (CPS)
– Integrations of Information
Processing and Physical
Processes
– Networked Embedded Systems
– Intelligence-on-the-cloud: not
constrained
– Focus on Sensing based
Analytics and Business
Intelligence (Sense-Analyze-
Respond)
Traditional Embedded Systems vs. Cyber-physical Systems
From Embedded …… Towards CPS

4. 4
It’s a Connected Universe
NEVER FORGET YOUR PILLS MONITOR YOUR ACTIVITYMONITOR THE AGED
source: http://postscapes.com/internet-of-things-examples/
HEAT YOUR HOME
EFFICIENTLY
MAKE SURE THE OVEN IS
OFF
TRACK DOWN THOSE LOST
KEYS
KEEP THE CITY CLEAN RECEIVE POLLUTION WARNINGS USE ELECTRICITY MORE
EFFICIENTLY
Connected
Individual
Connected
Home
Connected
City

5. 5
Sensors & actuators
request
response
Traditional internet-based software stack
Drivers
“Things” – Traditional Embedded Devices
Traditional way to look at IoT - Embedded + Internet

6. 6
Actuators Sensors
Drivers
A new way to look at IoT – Knowledge-driven Semantic Sensor Web
Entity of Interest
(building)
Phenomenon
(catches fire)
observation
Drivers
Sensor
measurement
Deduce Fire,
activate fire
control
measures
actuation
Physical
World
Cyber
World

7. 7
Horizontal operators
(semantic integration) operates on data from heterogeneous sources to created integrated data streams.
Semantic Sensor Web - From Data to Wisdom
temperature
humidity
odor
image
high temperature
gaseous odor
light
concentrated light
high temperature
indicates fire
gaseous odor indicates
gas discharge
Fire from
Gas Leak,
evacuate
immediately,
send fire fighting team
equipped with gas leakage
data
information
knowledge
wisdom
Vertical operators
(semantic abstraction) operates on
artifacts at each level and
transcends them to the next level
F PCS(Data, KB*) → Information
F PCS(Knowledge, KB) → Wisdom
F PCS(Information, KB) → Knowledge
KB: Knowledge base
Adopted from: Physical-Cyber-Social Computing: An early 21st Century Approach, Amit Sheth et. al.

8. 8
Requirements and Challenges for IoT – Need for a Platform
Applications need support for
Visibility
Capture & store data
from sensors
Insights
Patterns, relationships
and models
Control Optimize and actuate
TCUP – TCS Connected Universe Platform
A horizontal platform for addressing the IoT Software and Services market
Model-driven Development
Model the Domain Knowledge
Model the Infrastructure / Architecture – Network,
Storage, Compute (Device and Cloud)
Model the Analytics – map to Domain Requirements
TCUP Platform
Model the Sensor – Semantics, Phenomenon

9. Thank You
IT Services
Business Solutions
Consulting