lakes

1. RIDDLE OF THE DAY
• There’s only one word in the dictionary that’s spelled
wrong. What is it?
• I have a tail and a head, but no body. What am I?
• I make a loud sound when I’m changing. When I do
change, I get bigger but weigh less. What am I?

2. TAIWAN PORTS:
• What are the ports in Taiwan?
• How important is the shipping industry in Taiwan?

3. CLASSIFICATION OF PORT & HARBOUR

4. CONTENTS
➢ Introduction
➢Types of ports and habors
➢Differences between Harbor and Port
➢Top 10 US Ports

5. INTRODUCTION
Definition of port :
A port is a location on a coast or shore containing
one or more harbours where ships can dock and
transfer people or cargo to or from land.
(Or)
A port is a place on the coast that facilitates
loading and unloading cargo. A port is usually located
inside a harbor.

6. DEFINITION OF HARBOR:
A sheltered area of the sea in which vessels
could be launched, built or taken for repair; or could
seek refuge in time of storm; or provide for loading
and unloading of cargo and passengers.
(Or)
A harbour is a place that is situated on the coast
where ships, boats, barges, etc. can be moored
safely. The word harbour is derived from the Old
English word “herebeorg” meaning shelter or refuge.
In American English, this is spelt as ‘harbor.’

7. TYPES OF PORTS
1.Inland port
2.Fishing port
3.Dry port
4.Warm-water port
5.Seaport
• Cruise home port
• Port of call
• Cargo port

8. INLAND PORT
• An inland port is a port on a navigable lake, river
or canal with access to a sea or ocean, which
therefore allows a ship to sail from the ocean
inland to the port to load or unload its cargo.
Example:
St. Lawrence Seaway which allows ships to travel
from the Atlantic Ocean several thousand
kilometers inland to Great Lakes ports like Duluth-
Superior and Chicago.

9. FISHING PORT
• It is a port for landing and distributing fish. It
may be a recreational facility, but it is usually
commercial.
• It is the only port that depends on an ocean
product, and depletion of fish may cause a
fishing port to be uneconomical.
• In recent decades, regulations to save fishing
stock may limit the use of a fishing port,
perhaps effectively closing it.

10. DRY PORT
• A dry port is an inland intermodal terminal
directly connected by road or rail to a seaport
and
the
operating
transshipment
as a centre
of sea cargo to
for
inland
destinations.

11. WARM-WATER PORT
• A warm-water port is one where the water
does not freeze in wintertime as they are
available year-round
• warm-water ports can be of great geopolitical
or economic interest.
Example:
Dalian in China, Vostochny Port, Murmansk
and Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky in Russia,
Odessa in Ukraine,Kushiro in Japan.

12. SEAPORT
• A seaport is further categorized as a "cruise
port" or a "cargo port". Additionally, "cruise
ports" are also known as a "home port" or a
"port of call". The "cargo port" is also further
categorized into a "bulk" or "break bulk port"
or as a "container port".

13. CRUISE HOME PORT
• A cruise home port is the port where cruise-ship passengers
board to start their cruise and disembark the cruise ship at
the end of their cruise.
• It is also where the cruise ship's supplies are loaded for the
cruise, which includes everything from fresh water and fuel
to fruits, vegetables and any other supplies needed for the
cruise.

14. CRUISE HOME PORT
• "Cruise home ports" are a very busy place during the day the
cruise ship is in port, because off-going passengers debark
their baggage and on-coming passengers board the ship in
addition to all the supplies being loaded.
Currently, the Cruise Capital of the World is the Port of
Miami, Florida, closely followed behind by Port Everglades,
Florida and the Port of San Juan, Puerto Rico.

15. PORT OF CALL
• A port of call is an intermediate stop for a ship
on its sailing itinerary. At these ports, cargo
ships may take on supplies or fuel, as well as
unloading and loading cargo while cruise
liners have passengers get on or off ship.

16. CARGO PORT
• Cargo ports handles very different cargo, which has to be
loaded and unloaded by very different mechanical
means.
• The port may handle one particular type of cargo or it
may handle numerous cargoes, such as grains, liquid
fuels, liquid chemicals, wood, automobiles, etc. Such
ports are known as the "bulk" or "break bulk ports".

17. CARGO PORT
• Those ports that handle containerized cargo are known
as container ports. Most cargo ports handle all sorts of
cargo, but some ports are very specific as to what cargo
they handle.
• Additionally, the individual cargo ports are divided into
different operating terminals which handle the different
cargoes, and are operated by different companies, also
known as terminal operators or stevedores.

18. TAIWAN PORTS
• What type of ports are Taiwan’s?

19. TYPES OF HARBORS
• Natural harbors
• Semi-natural harbors
• Artificial harbors

20. NATURAL HARBORS
• Natural formations affording safe discharge facilities for
ships on sea coasts, in the form of creeks and basins, are
called natural harbors.
• With the rapid development of navies engaged either in
commerce or war, improved accommodation and facilities
for repairs, storage of cargo and connected amenities had
to be provided in natural harbors.

21. NATURAL HARBORS
• The size and draft of present day vessels have necessitated
the works improvement for natural harbors.
• The factors such as local geographical features, growth of
population, development of the area, etc. have made the
natural harbors big and attractive.

22. SEMI-NATURAL HARBORS
• This type of harbor is protected on sides by
headlands protection and it requires man-
made protection only at the entrance.

23. ARTIFICIAL HARBORS
• Where such natural facilities are not available,
countries having a seaboard had to create or
construct such shelters making use of
engineering skill and methods, and such
harbors are called artificial or man-made
harbors.
• Madras is an artificial harbor

24. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN HARBOR AND PORT
Definition of Harbor and Port
Harbor: Harbor is a place on the coast where ships, boats and
barges can seek shelter from a stormy weather.
Port: Port is a location on the coast that can be used to load
and unload cargo.
Location
Port: A port is located inside a harbor.
Harbour: A harbour cannot be located inside a port.

25. PURPOSE
Harbor: The purpose of a harbor is to provide
shelter from the weather conditions.
Port: The purpose of a port is to load and unload
cargo.
Creation
Harbor: A harbour is usually a natural structure.
Port: Ports are generally artificially created.

26. TOURISM
• How can we use ports and harbors tourism?

27. FACILITIES
Port: Ports are commercial entities and often have
many facilities like warehouses to store cargo and
well-built transportation systems.
Harbor: Harbors do not provide as many facilities as
ports.

39. What is the most important port in
Taiwan?
Why do you think it is?

40. THERE ARE 5 GREAT LAKES
⚫Huron
⚫Ontario
⚫Michigan
⚫Erie
⚫Superior Hint: To rememberall of the
lakes just spell out H.O.M.E.S

41. LAKE HURON
⚫Size: Second Largest Great Lake
⚫Average Depth: 195ft
⚫Shoreline(including islands):3,287mi
⚫Fact: 1st Great Lake
discovered by explorers
Lake Huron

42. LAKE ONTARIO
⚫Size: Smallest Great Lake
⚫Average Depth: 283ft
⚫Shoreline(includingislands): 712 mi
⚫Fact: Lowest elevation of
the Great Lakes
Lake Ontario

43. LAKE MICHIGAN
⚫Size: 3rd largest Great Lake
⚫Average Depth: 279ft
⚫Shoreline(including islands): 1,638mi
⚫Fact: Only Great Lake
completely in the U.S
Lake Michigan

44. LAKE ERIE
⚫Size:4th largest Great Lake
⚫Average Depth: 62ft
⚫Shoreline(including islands): 871 mi
⚫Fact: Warmest of the Great Lakes
LakeErie

45. LAKE SUPERIOR
⚫Size: Largest Great Lake
⚫Average Depth: 483 ft
⚫Shoreline(including islands):2,726mi
⚫Fact:Superior could hold all of the
other Great Lakes plus 3 more lakes
the size of Erie
Lake Superior

46. FISH OF THE GREAT LAKES
⚫Salmon:
-Weight: 4lbs
-Length: 26in
⚫Carp:
-Weight: 1-7lbs
-Length: 15-22in
⚫Lake Trout:
-Weight: 3-9lbs
-Length: 17-27in

47. WILDLIFE IN TAIWAN’S LAKES
• Describe the wildlife in
Taiwan’s lakes?

48. VESSELS ON THE GREAT LAKES
Freighters: Carry cargo,
biggest shipson the Great
Lakes, and can be as long
as 100oft
Tugboats: Push barges, used
forworking, and can push
mostships
Sailboats: For recreation, and
leisure.

49. POLLUTANTS IN THE GREAT LAKES
⚫Mercury- Used to make metals
⚫Lead- Found in metals and used in
fossil fuels
⚫Petroleum- Comes from oil and
other fuels
⚫Sewage- Comes from sewage
treatment plants
⚫Fertilizer- From Farms and yards

50. WHAT HAVE WE LEARNED?
⚫There are 5 Great Lakes
⚫The differences between all of the lakes
⚫Types of fish in the lakes
⚫What kind of boats there are on the lakes
⚫What pollutes the lakes
⚫Some of the many islands through out all
of the lakes

51. PRACTICE FLUENCY AND
PRONUNCIATION
• Susie works in a shoeshine shop. Where she
shines she sits, and where she sits she shines
• Fuzzy Wuzzy was a bear. Fuzzy Wuzzy had no hair.
Fuzzy Wuzzy wasn’t fuzzy, was he?
• Nine nice night nurses nursing nicely
• I have got a date at a quarter to eight; I’ll see you
at the gate, so don’t be late