3. Primary Data
A door-to-door survey is one way to collect primary data. Primary
data is data
that is collected by a researcher from first-hand sources, using methods
like
surveys, interviews, or experiments.
studies, surveys, or experiments that have been run Census data
collected by Statistics Canada
Secondary Data
Newspaper article written post-interview, evaluating Duceppe's
comments An article using Census data to discuss population trends A
book about the effects of WWII on soldiers
4. Variable & Data
Variable
a variable is something that gives us data.
Some examples of variables in statistics might include age, eye
color, height, number of siblings, gender, or number of pets.
Data
The continuous data is the one that cannot be counted.
For example, intensity of a light can be measured but cannot be
counted.
6. Nominal scale
Ordinal scale
Interval scale
Ratio scale
Nominal Scale
When the data for a variable consists of lable or name used toidentify and
Attribute of the element the scale of measurement is considered asnominal scale.
Example: IDA, FDA PIA.
7. Ordinal Scale
The scale of measurement for the variable is called ordinal scale if the data
Exhibit the properties of nominal data and the order or rank of the data is
meaningful.
Example: variables are rank, satisfaction, and fanciness!Ordinal variables have a
meaningful order, but the intervals between the values in the scale may not be
equal.
Interval Scale
The scale of measurement for a variable is an interval scale if the data have
All the properties of ordinal data and the interval between values is express in
the turms of fixed units of measures.
Example: A perfect example of an interval scale is the Fahrenheit scale to
measure temperature. suppose it is 60 degrees Fahrenheit on Monday and 70
degrees on Tuesday.
8. ratio scale
The scale of measurement for the variable is the ratio scale of the data
Have all the properties of interval scale data and ratio of two value is
Meaningful variable such as distance, height, weight and time used as the
Ratio scales of measurement.
Example: The most common examples of ratio scale are height, money, age,
weight etc. With respect to market research that are observed are sales, price,
number of customers, market share etc.
9. Types of Data
Categorical
Data that can be group by specific a categories are refered
to as categories data. Categorical data use either the
nominal or ordinal scale of measurement.
10. Quantitative data
Data that used numeric value to indicate how much or how many are
refered to as quantitative data. It use either the interval or ratio scale
of measurement.
11. Cross sectional & time series data
Cross Sectional Data
Cross sectional data are data collected at the same or proximately the same
point in time.
For example we want to measure current obesity levels in a population.
12. Time Series Data
Time-series data is a set of observations collected at usually discrete and
equally spaced time intervals. The data are collected over several time period.
Example price of patrol.