Pear insects A Lecture To ToT trainees ( FFS) By Mr. Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK MINFAL Pakistan

2. Pear Injurious Insects
A
Lecture To ToT trainees
( FFS)
By
Mr. Allah Dad Khan
Provincial Coordinator
IPM KPK

3.  The codling moth, Cydia pomonella, is a small, indistinct gray
adult moth that fl ies mostly at night, so often goes unseen
unless trapped. • Presence of “frass” at stem or calyx end of
fruit indicates larval feeding inside fruit. • Relatively cold regions
may have only one generation of the codling moth, while in the
warmest apple-growing areas the codling moth may pass through
two to three generations per season. • If present and not
controlled, can become a key pest, capable of infl icting serious
economic los

4.  Mites • In high enough numbers, pearleaf
blister mites (Phytoptus pyri) and pear rust
mites (Epitrimerus pyri) can reduce the
photosynthetic effi ciency of leaves and
cause russeting on fruit. • Both species will
likely be more troublesome in dusty
conditions, as the dust interferes with their
natural predators. • Another pest that
contributes to poor yields and smaller fruit is
the spider mite. • European-pear cultivars
are more sensitive to mite feeding than Asian
pears. • Pears that are drought-stressed will
be more susceptible to mite damage.

5. Pearleaf blister mite damage on
'Chanticleer' pear
Pearleaf blister mite damage on new growth
of 'Chanticleer' pear

6.  Pear Psylla
 The pear psylla (Cacopsylla pyricola), an
aphid-like insect whose only host is the pear,
is the crop’s most signifi cant insect pest. •
The honeydew left by the psylla damages the
fruit by supporting growth of sooty mold and
causing a black russeting. • Pear psylla is also
an important vector of fi re blight and pear
decline disease, and can weaken trees in
areas of heavy infection

8.  • Stink bugs, tarnished plant bug, and other
true bugs (insects in the order Hemiptera)
will readily feed on pears throughout the
growing season. • Early feeding damage may
result in a pucker or dimple in the fruit. •
Mid- and late-season feeding often results in
the development of so-called “stone cells”
immediately beneath the feeding site.

10.  Pear slugs are slimy insects that feed on the
surface areas of pear tree leaves. They range
in color from dark green to orange and have
swollen heads. Although they resemble
common garden slugs, pear slugs are actually
the immature stage of a non-stinging wasp
known as a sawfly. These pests can be
controlled by insecticides such as soaps or by
washing off larvae with a strong jet of water.


11. Figure 1: Pear slug larva on leaf and
characteristic feeding injury. Pear slug

12.  Pear midges are small white maggots that feed
on young pears. Signs of pear midges are young
fruit that fail to develop properly and instead
become black before they fall to the ground.
Infected fruit are called bottlers and contain as
many as 50 maggots when opened. These
maggots grow to about 1/7 inch when mature,
according to Chest of Books.com. Destroy all
infected fruit and cultivate soil around an
infected tree to kill off wintering pear midges by
exposing them to cold weather.


13. Pear Midge damage to fruit Picture from Ontario Crop IPM

14.  Symptoms
 Leaves of plant rolled and tied together with
silk webbing; feeding damage to rolled
leaves; defoliation of plant; silk webbing may
also be present on fruits and fruits may have
substantial scarring from feeding damage;
larvae wriggle vigorously when disturbed and
may drop from plant on a silken thread

15. Fruittree leafroller
Archips argyrospila Walker
Egg(s) on host
Fruittree leafroller
Archips argyrospila Walker

16. Fruittree leafroller
Archips argyrospila Walker
Adult
Fruit tree leafroller
Archips argyrospilus Walker

22.  Leafrollers (Omnivorous leafroller, Redbanded
leafroller, etc)
Platynota stultana
Argyrotaenia velutinana
 Symptoms
 Leaves of plant rolled and tied together with silk
webbing; feeding damage to rolled leaves;
defoliation of plant; silk webbing may also be
present on fruits and fruits may have substantial
scarring from feeding damage; larvae wriggle
vigorously when disturbed and may drop from
plant on a silken thread
 Cause
 Insect