Navigating the Deluge_ Dubai Floods and the Resilience of Dubai International...
Multi-Hopping
1. Name – Aditya Pandey
Enrollment no. – 04613304409
M.C.A. 4th Sem
2. Contents:-
Introduction
Working
Characteristics
Types
Applications
Future research
bibliography
3. INTRODUCTION-
What is multi hopping?
If there is no direct communication link
between the source and the target , it is
possible to pass through one or more
intermediate stages on the way to the
target . This phenomenon known as multi-
hopping.
9. There are two types of multi-hop
networks which use concept of multi-
hopping,
1.Mobile Ad - Hoc Networks
2.Multi - Hop Cellular Networks
10. Mobile Ad- Hoc Networks(MANETS)
A mobile ad hoc network consists of a
group of mobile nodes that communicate
without requiring a fixed wireless
infrastructure. Communication between
nodes is performed by direct connection or
through multiple hop relays.
11. Multi-Hop Cellular Networks
A promising solution to the problem of
improving coverage and throughput is the
use of relays.
The use of relays, though, impacts almost
every aspect of cellular system design and
optimization including: scheduling, handoff.
12. Some of the applications are given as,
Battle-field Communication
Emergency First Response
Public Safety system
Cellular Networks
In Organizations
22. Range limitation-
Ad-hoc networks has a range limit, in
cellular networks it of 30 – 40 mtr
23. Partial
B
overlap- A
In it the coverage
C D
area of nodes partially
overlap, this
phenomenon produce
redundancy at the
time of Handoff.
24. Hidden node problem-
Hidden nodes in a wireless network
refer to nodes that are out of range of other
nodes or a collection of nodes and still
communicates
A S B
25.
Wireless irregularities –
partial overlap causes communication to
be non-transitive and/or asymmetric, this
produce wireless irregularities.