محاضرة الطابعات ثلاثية الابعاد لمكافحة فيروس كرونا - من مبادرة خليك فى بيتك ارجوك للمدرسة البحثية العلمية المصرية

1. The Latest 3D Printing
Efforts against COVID-19
By
Mourad Raafat
Assistant professor
Faculty of Science, Helwan university
‫أرجوك‬ ‫البيت‬ ‫فى‬ ‫خليك‬ ‫مبادرة‬

2. Outline
• Introduction
• Methods
• Applications
• 3D printing fights Covid 19
• Recommendation

3. Introduction

4. Motivation

5. What is 3D printing?
• Using a general-purpose machine
to create a physical object, where
the design of the structure is
provided to the machine at build-
time.
• Usually, the object is created
additively, in a layer-by-layer
process.

6. Components
•Polymers Machines
•Metal Machines
•Ceramics Machines
•Electronics
•Desktop machines
•Design and CAD
Software
•Workflow Software
•Security Software
•Fused deposition modelling(FDM)
•Powder bed fusion
•Inkjet printing and contour crafting
•Stereolithography
•Metal and Alloys
•Polymers
•Ceramic
•Concrete
Material Methods
HardwareSoftware

7. History
• By Charles Hulls in 1986 in a process called
Stereolithography (SLA).
• By the end of 1990, other methodologies
such as Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM)
• In 1993, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology (MIT) patented another
technology named "3 Dimensional Printing
techniques", which is similar to the inkjet
technology used in 2D Printers.

8. Where are we?

11. BREAKING DOWN THE ADDITIVE
MANUFACTURING LANDSCAPE
Hardware
53%
Software
19%
Material
17%
Research
6%
post-processing
3% QA
2%
Hardwate Software Material Research post-processing QA
By

12. Why?
• Fabrication of complex geometry
• Maximum Material Saving
• Flexibility in design
• Personal customization
• Rapid prototyping
• Ability to print large structure

13. FDM method
• The filament is heated at the
nozzle.
• The thermoplasticity of the
polymer filament is an essential
property for this method.
• Main Parameter: layer thickness,
width and orientation of filaments
and air gap.

14. Pros Cons
Low Cost Weak mechanical properties
High Speed Layer by layer appearance
Simplicity of process Limited number of thermo
materials

15. SLA method
• It uses UV light (or electron beam) to
initiate a chain reaction on a layer of
resin or monomer solution.
• After polymerization, a pattern inside
the resin layer is solidified in order to
hold the subsequent layers
• Main parameter: the light source and
exposure.

16. Pros Cons
High quality parts as low as
10 µm.
Relatively slow
Expensive
Limited number of materials

18. Applications

19. • Biomaterial
– Represent 11% of AM(from 6.1 bil $ to 21 bil $).
• Aerospace
– Represent 18.2% of AM
• Building
– Represent 3% of AM
• Protective structures
• Agriculture
• Historical

20. 3D Printing Fights Covid 19

21. https://3dwithus.com/3d-printing-initiatives-coronavirus-covid-19
1. 3D Printed Ventilator Valves
2. Medical Face Shields
3. Oxygen Concentrator
4. Entertainments
5. Broken supply chain) i.e. Spare parts )
6. Building

22. Recommendations

23. • Localization of the AM
• Providing a research environment
Source: https://3dprintingindustry.com/news/3d-printing-
community-responds-to-covid-19-and-coronavirus-
resources-169143/