AVR and embedded ppt

1. EMBEDDED
SYSTEM
AND
MICROCONTROLLER
PRESENTATION BY :-
ANSHUL GUPTA

2. Application Area
1 Automotive electronics
2 Aircraft electronics
3 Trains
4 Telecommunication
5 Medical systems
6 Fabrication equipment
7 Consumer electronics
8 Smart buildings
INTRODUCTION
 Embedded System is the combination of software and hardware in which we write a program in
software and then burn it into the hardware . This total process is known as Embedded System
 Microcontroller can be termed as single on chip computer which includes number of peripherals like
RAM ,A/D Converter , Timers etc. required to perform some specified task

3. GENERAL ARCHITECTURE
OF MICROCONTROLLER
Microprocessor Vs Microcontroller
 CPU is stand-alone,
RAM, ROM, I/O,
timer are separate
 Designer can decide on
the amount of ROM,
RAM and I/O ports.
 Expansive
 Versatility
 Multi-purpose
 Can be function as a computer with no addition of
external digit parts.
 Movement of code and data from external address
to the chip.
 On Chip RAM, ROM, I/O, TIMER/COUNTER, PWM, ADC
etc.
 Fix amount of on-chip
ROM, RAM, I/O ports
 For applications in which
cost, power and space
are critical
 Single-purpose
 Must have any additional parts to be functional.
 Movement of bits within the chip.

4. Types of Microcontroller Architecture
1. CISC (Complex Instruction Set Computer)
2. RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer)
RISC
 Fixed width Instructions
 Few Formats of Instructions
 Load/Store Architecture
 Large Register Banks
 Instructions follow pipelining
 Single Cycle execution of all instructions
CISC
 Variable length instructions
 Several formats of instructions
 Memory Values can be used as operands in
instructions
 Small Register Bank
 Pipelining is complex
 Multi cycle execution on instructions

5. AVR MICROCONTROLLER
AVR=Advanced Virtual RISC / Alf and Vegard RISC (AVR designer).
Developed by Atmel in 1996.
AVR can be classified into four groups:
1) Classic AVR-AT90S2313, 2323, 4433 etc.
2) Mega AVR-Atmega8, 16, 32, 64, 128.
3) Tiny AVR-ATtiny13, 44, 25 etc.
4) Special Purpose AVR- AT90CAN128, AT90USB1287, AT90PWM26,

6. ATmega16 Features
Features:-
 It is an 8 bit microcontroller.
 It consists of Advanced RISC Architecture.
 32 x 8 General Purpose Working Register
 Flash Memory- 16 kbytes
 512 bytes EEPROM
 1kb internal SRAM
 Four PWM Channels
 Programmable Serial USART
 Master/Slave SPI Serial Interface
 Programmable Watchdog Timer with Separate On-chip Oscillator
 32 programmable I/O lines
 Two 8-bit Timer/Counter with separate prescaler
 One 16 bit Timer/Counter
 10 bit, 8 channels ADC.

7. LED INTERFACING :-

8. LCD INTERFACING :-
 An Output Device
 Most Commonly used for
ALPHANUMERIC display
 Requires 3 control
lines(RS/RW/EN)
 Operated in 8-bit or 4-bit
mode

9. 7 SEGMENT DISPLAY:-
7 segment is an output device which is used to
show numeric & alphanumeric characters.
Contains 8 internally connected LED’s
Types of 7 segment display :-
1) Common Anode
2) Common Cathode

10. TIMER/COUNTER :-
 Timer is used to provide delay.
 If internal clock operate then timer is used as a delay and if used as external
then timer is used as a counter.
 Types of Timer :-
1) TIMER0
2) TIMER1
3) TIMER2
 TIMER2 doesn’t have any external clock so it can’t be used as a counter.
 Timer is used to provide more delay without even changing the crystal oscillator
frequency.
 Used for object tracking.

11. Interrupts
As the name implies, an interrupt is some event which disrupts the
normal program execution.
 Interrupts give us a mechanism to "put on hold" the normal
program flow, execute a subroutine.

12. DEVELOPMENT BOARD :-

13. PROJECT

14. ABOUT COMPONENTS
1. HT12D(DECODER):- It is a decoder IC used to decode the received signal
1.1Features
 Operating voltage: 2.4V~12V
 Address/Data number combination
 HT12D: 8 address bits and 4 data bits
 HT12F: 12 address bits only
1.2 Applications
 Burglar alarm system
 Smoke and fire alarm system
 Garage door controllers
 Car door controllers
1.3Applications
 Burglar alarm system
 Smoke and fire alarm system
 Garage door controllers
 Car door controllers
2. L293D :- This IC is used to derive the motors .One . L293D IC can derive only two motors.
 Products Now From Texas Instruments
 Wide Supply-Voltage Range: 4.5 V to 36 V

15. 4. HT12E(ENCODER):-
4.1 FEATURES
- OPERATING VOLTAGE
- 2.4V~5V FOR THE HT12A
- 2.4V~12V FOR THE HT12E
- HT12A/E: 18-PIN DIP/20-PIN SOP PACKAGE
4.2 APPLICATIONS
- BURGLAR ALARM SYSTEM
- SMOKE AND FIRE ALARM SYSTEM
- GARAGE DOOR CONTROLLERS
- CAR DOOR CONTROLLERS
3. 434MHZ Transmitter & Receiver:-
Transmitter and receiver are to send
and receive the given commands
in wireless communication.

17. THANK YOU