Discuss following topic. minimum 250 words. when thinking abou

1. Discuss following topic. Minimum 250 words.
When thinking about data visualization, it is important to
understand regular expressions in data analytics. Therefore,
note the importance of data visualizations and choose two types
of expressions (* - wildcards for example) and discuss the
difference between the two types of expressions.
Run your submission through grammar checker before
submitting.
At least 2 (scholarly) journal source should be used for each
post.
Make your references in correct APA 7 format and cite each
reference at least once, but as many times as you rely on it.
Citations support each sentence relying on a reference, not an
entire paragraph. Do not use direct quotes, rather rephrase the
author's words and continue to use in-text citations.
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2. Running Head: RESEARCH STATEMENT AND LITERATURE
REVIEW
1
RESEARCH STATEMENT AND LITERATURE REVIEW
4
Research Statement and Literature Review Assignment
Research Statement
Drug abuse has become one of the most witnessed problems that
face teenagers in the 21st century. In the recent decades,
accessing illegal drugs has continuously become an easy task
for the youth, both school-going and those on the streets. It is
highly alarming to witness the rate at which parents check their
teenage sons and daughters to rehabilitation and counseling
centers. Witnessing a continuous increase in these rates is as
worrying as the imagination of even more increase in the youths
abusing drugs. A string of questions arises concerning the
increased drug abuse by teenagers even those who attend
school. Questions on how, where and what flow concerning the
abuse. It has become overly hard to know how the teenagers
access the drugs, where they get them as well as with what
money they buy the drugs. Another question of ‘who’ arises in
trying to establish who in the society allows themselves give
such young children access to drugs.
Establishing answers to the questions revolving around teenage
drug abuse becomes even harder as each new day; more cases of
substance abusing teenagers are witnessed. Increased
complexity proves just how much work the society has in
regulating drug abuse among teenagers. A closer look at the
patterns of drug abuse among teenagers reveals that dealing
with the problem could just be more complex than one could
assume. Many of the victims of substance abuse know quite
well that it is illegal and tend to be very good at keeping their

3. practices hidden from their parents and teachers. A greater
challenge is therefore presented of establishing the actual
number of teenagers who engage in drug abuse. From a factual
point of view, however, it is impossible to establish the actual
number and in the process, it leaves the choice of making
estimations from the available results of sampled teenagers.
In engaging in a deeper research on the issues of drug abuse by
teenagers, it is possible to establish answers to some of the
questions revolving around the problem. However, a more
important question of focus presents itself on how to reduce the
habit of drug abuse among teenagers. Focusing on answering the
question on how to best deal with the problem gives a chance to
come up with possible ways to reduce if not end the behavior
(Simkin, Thatcher, & Lubar, 2014). Answering the question also
makes one concentrate on solutions other than presenting
findings which do not make any change in the current situation.
The question, therefore, enables a result oriented research
which leads one to a higher possibility of coming to a
conclusion of the best as well as a most effective choice of
solutions. The most suitable research statement would then be
‘how to reduce drug abuse among teenagers’. It will bring the
research process to a more specific point of concentration of
ways to tackle the problem and not find out how intense the
problem is.
Literature Review
In the past number of years, many nations have renewed the
concerns on drug and substance abuse. Many sources claim that
although drug abuse by teenagers might be viewed as a personal
behavior, it is deeply rooted in a Sociocultural setting that
strongly dictates its character. The greatest focus needs to
revolve around psychoactive substances that are used both
legally and illegally. It is highly important to draw differences
between the abuse and use of drugs (Black, 2014). A
multidimensional approach is needed to enable a look at the
aspects of the drug, abusers, the response they demonstrate and

4. the consequences of abuse. Some of the most important aspects
in curbing teenage drug abuse include the existing drug use
extent and patterns, the different causes of use, means of
preventing substance use, possible ways of treatments or
intervention on users. These considerations give a star ting point
to the process of dealing with teenage substance abuse.
However, it is equally important to review the possible
consequences of teenage drug abuse.
In trying to establish the ways to bring teenage substance abuse
to an end, it is a starting point knowing the possible
consequences of drug use. With knowledge of the consequences,
it becomes easier to identify a teenager who engages in drug use
(Maslowsky, O’Malley & Kloska, 2014). When it is possible to
identify the teenagers involved in drug abuse, the process of
establishing solutions would be made easier than engaging in a
trial and error method. With a more solid ground to base the
research on, it is quite more possible to come up with a set of
solutions that would bring forth the answers to the presented
questions. Knowing the consequences of drug abuse, therefore,
would provide an advantage of information to the researchers
enabling them to identify the teenagers who they should focus
on.
There have existed a number of established causes of drug abuse
among teenagers. Bad parenting and failure to parent children
are established as a factor that allows teenagers to access and
use drugs. Conditions of economic deprivation also contribute
to increased numbers of drug using teenagers (Simkin, Thatcher,
& Lubar, 2014). Poverty, poor housing among other
socioeconomic disadvantage indicators contribute in increasing
the number of teenagers involved in drug use and abuse. Places
with such characteristics tend to contain disorganized
neighborhoods, high levels of adult crimes increased residential
mobility and illegal drug trafficking allowing teenagers to
access as well as use the drugs (Espelage, Low & Little, 2014).
It is however not enough to focus on external factors of
causality but to also focus on individual factors that lead youths

5. to drug abuse. Curiosity, depression, peer pressure and the need
for attention among other personal interests and factors lead a
number of youths to drug abuse (Molina, Hinshaw, Swanson &
Greenhill, 2013). It is important to know that not only external
but internal factors lead children to drug abuse.
Engaging in a result and fact focused research enables the
process to come up with a solution other than conclusions. It is
therefore equally important to establish a focus on
consequences as it is of the factors contributing to drug abuse.
Consequences enable easy identification of children under
drugs, while the factors contributing to drug use narrow down
the population of teenagers vulnerable to drug use and abuse
(Gámez-Guadix, Smith & Calvete, 2013). It is, therefore,
important to focus on all the possible causes of drug abuse
among teenagers to make sure that the vulnerable groups are all
considered in the research process. It is also important to
choose a research design wisely enough to maximize the amount
of information available (Black, 2014). Observation would
serve the purpose more perfectly than any other design as the
information is gathered without the subjects’ knowledge which
enables acquisition of all the observed information.
In solving the main question of the research, there are a number
of possible ways to reduce or rather end drug use among
teenagers. Encouraging good and close parenting on teenagers
would serve the purpose to make sure that parents set the
behavioral patterns for their children as well as closely observe
them to reduce any possibilities of them engaging in drug
practices (Winters, Botzet & Lalone, 2012). In environments
and neighborhoods that expose children to drugs, they should be
highly advised against the behavior to minimize the percentage
of them who end up in the practice (Monti, Colby, & Tevyaw,
2012). Laws and regulations should be set and observed
regarding people who allow teenagers to access drugs and
substances for abuse to reduce the availability of drugs for
teenagers to use. Immediate action should also be taken on
teenagers who are realized to be on drugs as it gives the

6. advantage of turning them before they get into the addiction
stage (Bowen et al., 2014).
References
Black, D. S. (2014). Mindfulness-based interventions: an
antidote to suffering in the context of
substance use, misuse, and addiction. Substance use & misuse,
49(5), 487-491.
Bowen, S., Clifasefi, S. L., Grow, J., & Larimer, M. E. (2014).
Relative efficacy of mindfulness-based relapse prevention,
standard relapse prevention, and treatment as usual for
substance use disorders: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA
psychiatry, 71(5), 547-556.
Espelage, D. L., Low, S., & Little, T. D. (2014). Family
violence, bullying, fighting, and substance use among
adolescents: A longitudinal mediational model. Journal of
Research on Adolescence, 24(2), 337-349.
Gámez-Guadix, M., Smith, P. K., & Calvete, E. (2013).
Longitudinal and reciprocal relations of cyberbullying with
depression, substance use, and problematic internet use
among adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Health, 53(4), 446-
452.
Maslowsky, J., O'Malley, P. M., & Kloska, D. D. (2014).
Depressive symptoms, conduct problems, and risk for
polysubstance use among adolescents: Results from US national
surveys. Mental Health and Substance Use, 7(2), 157-169.
Molina, B. S., Hinshaw, S. P., Swanson, J. M., & Greenhill, L.
L. (2013). Adolescent substance use in the multimodal treatment
study of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)(MTA)
as a function of childhood ADHD, random assignment to
childhood treatments, and subsequent medication. Journal of the
American Academy of Child &Adolescent Psychiatry, 52(3),
250-263.

7. Monti, P. M., Colby, S. M., & Tevyaw, T. A. L. (Eds.). (2012).
Adolescents, alcohol, and
substance abuse: Reaching teens through brief interventions.
Guilford Press.
Simkin, D. R., Thatcher, R. W., & Lubar, J. (2014).
Quantitative EEG and neurofeedback in children and
adolescents: anxiety disorders, depressive disorders, comorbid
addiction and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and brain
injury. Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North
America, 23(3), 427-464.
Winters, K. C., Botzet, A., Lee, S., & Lalone, B. (2012). Brief
intervention for drug-abusing adolescents in a school setting:
Outcomes and mediating factors. Journal of substance abuse
treatment, 42(3), 279-288.