1. RADIOACTIVE WASTE
MANAGEMENT:
INDIAN SCENARIO
BY –ABHIJEET PANDA(13011092)

2. CONTENTS
1. Introduction (Understanding of Nuclear waste, Sources of
Nuclear waste )
2. Reasons of limiting Nuclear power plants And Impacts of
Nuclear waste –Health & Environment
3. Why Nuclear power is called climate-friendly energy source?
4. Classification of Nuclear waste on basis of radioactivity
5. Nuclear Waste Management according to BHABHAATOMIC
RESEARCH CENTRE
6. Methods of Disposal (Practical and Impractical)
7. Conclusion
8. Bibliography

3. INTRODUCTION
• Any activity related to the nuclear fuel cycle, that
produces or uses radioactive materials generates
radioactive waste.
• Radioactive wastes are generated during various
operations of the nuclear fuel cycle. Mining, nuclear
power generation, and various processes in industry,
defense, medicine and scientific research produce
byproducts that include radioactive wastes.

4. REASONS OF LIMITING NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS AND
DANGERS THAT SURROUND NUCLEAR WASTE DISPOSAL
• Long Half Life
• Storage
• Affects on Nature
• Accidents/Natural
• Terrorist Attack
• Drinking water
• Scavenging
• Transportation
• Expense
• Health Effects
Nuclear_waste_flask_train

5. Nuclear waste container

6. STORED CONTAINER

7. RADIOACTIVE WASTE LEAKING FROM
DAMAGED STORAGE DRUM

8. WHY NUCLEAR POWER IS CALLED
CLIMATE-FRIENDLY ENERGY
SOURCE?
IT GENERATES POWER WITHOUT
RELEASING CARBON DIOXIDE.

9. CLASSIFICATION OF NUCLEAR WASTE
ON BASIS OF RADIOACTIVITY
• Radioactive waste can be in gas,
liquid or solid form, and its level of
radioactivity can vary.
• Depending on the level and
nature of radioactivity, radioactive
wastes can be classified as
• Low Level Waste
• Intermediate level waste And
• High Level Waste.
VOLUME OF WASTE
LOW LEVEL
INTERMEDI
ATE LEVEL
HIGH
LEVEL90
7 3

10. NUCLEAR WASTE MANAGEMENT
ACCORDING TO BHABHAATOMIC
RESEARCH CENTRE
As a waste management
philosophy, utmost emphasis
is given to waste minimization
at all stages of design,
operation and maintenance.
For effective confinement,
volume reduction is a key
factor in the choice of
technologies for use in
radioactive waste
management plants

12. 1.IMMOBILISATION OF HIGH LEVEL LIQUID WASTE INTO VITRIFIED
BOROSILICATE GLASSES
2. ENGINEERED INTERIM STORAGE OF THE VITRIFIED WASTE FOR
PASSIVE COOLING & SURVEILLANCE OVER A PERIOD OF TIME,
QUALIFYING IT FOR ULTIMATE DISPOSAL
3. ULTIMATE STORAGE/DISPOSAL OF THE VITRIFIED WASTE IN A DEEP
GEOLOGICAL REPOSITORY.
TECHNOLOGY OF VITRIFICATION IN INDIA
•Pot melter used at Trombay
•Joule Heated Ceramic Melter (JHCM)
at Tarapur
•Cold Crucible Induction Melting (CCIM)

13. METHODS OF DISPOSAL
(PRACTICALAND IMPRACTICAL)
• Above Ground Disposal
• Geological Disposal
• Deep bore hole disposal
Impractical Methods
• Ocean Disposal
• Disposal at Subduction zone
• Disposal in Outer space

14. DEEP BORE HOLE DISPOSAL

15. GEOLOGICAL REPOSITORY

16. _Low-level radioactive waste storage pit

17. CONCLUSION
•Radioactive waste disposal practices have changed substantially over the last twenty years.
Evolving environmental protection considerations have provided the impetus to improve
disposal technologies, and, in some cases, clean up facilities that are no longer in use.
Designs for new disposal facilities and disposal methods must meet environmental
protection and pollution prevention standards that are stricter than were foreseen at the
beginning of the atomic age.
•Disposal of radioactive waste is a complex issue, not only because of the nature of the
waste, but also because of the stringent regulatory structure for dealing with radioactive
waste. India has achieved self-reliance in the management of all type of radioactive waste.
Decades of safe and successful operation of our waste management facility stand testimony
to international standards. An ongoing effort to upgrade technology to minimize radioactive
discharge is also on.

18. BIBLIOGRAPHY
INTERNET
JOURNAL
BARC WEBSITE
GOOGLE- IMAGES