Empfohlen
Weitere ähnliche Inhalte
Was ist angesagt?
Was ist angesagt? (20)
Andere mochten auch
Ähnlich wie Clinical significance of carbohydrates presentation
Ähnlich wie Clinical significance of carbohydrates presentation (20)
Kürzlich hochgeladen
Kürzlich hochgeladen (20)
Clinical significance of carbohydrates presentation
- 1. Carbohydrates of biological and clinical significance and Absorption of glucose Moderator: Group member names: Dr.Krishnanda Prabhu Vinod.R.S Ravi Teja.CH Nagendra.K
- 2. Contents of the seminar Introduction Classification of carbohydrates Biological significance CHO Clinical significance of CHO Glucose absorption MCQs Summary References & Additional information Sources.
- 3. Objective • Add your objective here Results • Add your results here
- 5. BIOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF CARBOHYDRATES: • Chief source of Energy • Structure • Storage • Protein sparing • Antigen properties • Role as Dietary Fiber • Prevention of ketosis • Role in biosynthesis • ECM • Hygroscopic nature
- 7. Role of Glycoconjugates: • Glycoproteins • GAGs • Glycolipids
- 8. Clinical significance of carbohydrates: • Nutritional significance of carbohydrates • Glucose homeostasis & Glycaemic Index • Glycated haemoglobin • Significance of fibre • Significance of Dextran's and Inulin’s • Dental caries due to carbohydrates • MCQ’s
- 10. Phase ORIGIN OF BLOOD GLUCOSE TISSUES USING GLUCOSE MAJOR FUEL OF BRAIN 1 Exogenous All Glucose 2 Glycogen Hepatic gluconeogenesis All except liver. Muscle and adipose tissue at diminished rate Glucose 3 Hepatic gluconeogenesis Glycogen All except liver. Muscle and adipose tissue at rate intermediate between 2 and 4 Glucose 4 Gluconeogenesis, Hepatic and Renal Brain, RBCs, renal medulla. Small amount by muscle. Glucose, Ketone bodies 5 Gluconeogenesis, Hepatic and Renal Brain at a diminished rate, RBCs ,Renal medulla Ketone bodies, Glucose Five way mechanism of homeostasis:
- 11. Glycaemic index:
- 13. Functions of fibre: • Role in Maintenance • Blood Cholesterol Regulation • Weight Management • Colon health • Easy passage of stool • Increases peristaltic movement in the bowel
- 14. Potential effects of DF consumption:
- 15. It is a fructosan Low MW substance (5 KDa) Inulin fructose units joined by β-1,2 bond present in various bulbs, tubers (dahlia, onion, garlic, dandelions, artichoke etc.) A complex, branched polysaccharide of glucose MW varies from 3-2000 KDa Dextran The straight chain consists of α-1,6 bond Branches begin with α-1,3 linkage
- 16. Clinical significance of Dextran’s: • Antithrombotic , Anti-platelet role • Plasma volume expander Used to reduce blood viscosity As lubricant • Used in intravenous fluid to solubilize other factors: eg. Iron
- 17. OK MAMA…………
- 18. Fructose Sucrose Starch Lactose FOOD DIGESTION ABSORPTION (Small Intestine) Fructose Glucose Galactose Digestion of Glucose Digestion in mouth, Digestion in stomach, Digestion in small intestine
- 19. Absorption – General Aspects Absorption of substances into mucosal cells involves the passage across the plasma membrane simple diffusion carrier-mediated transports passive facilitated transport (no energy expenditure) (passive) No carrier protein active transport (requiring energy expenditure)
- 20. it is carrier mediated mechanism involving transporter proteins and the process called Na+ dependent transporter / Na+ Glucose co transport / SGLT from the small intestinal lumen SGLT1 (Absorption) into the intestinal epithelial cells From the PCT SGLT2 (Reabsorption) In to the brush border cell of PCT ACTIVE TRANSPORT:
- 21. Facilitated diffusion and transporters : • Diffusion? • Facilitated diffusion? • Types Of transporter : GLUT1(All most all the cells mostly on CNS & RBCs) GULT2 (It’s a two way transporter, Liver & Kidney) GULT3 (BBB,RBCs) GULT4 (Insulin dependent, Skeletal muscle & Adipose tissue) GULT5( Mainly the Fructose transporter, Lumen of SI)
- 22. Absorption of Glucose facilitated transport secondary active transport Intestinal Epithelial Cell Glucose Glucose Glucose GLUT-5 Intestinal Lumen Na+ Na+-dependent transporter (SGLT) Na+ K+ Na+ K+ GLUT-2 Portal Capillary Blood ATP ADP + Pi Na+–K+ ATPase
- 23. Inhibitors of glucose transporters: • OUABAIN: Inhibiting sodium dependent glucose transport by inhibiting Na-K ATPase • Phlorhizin: Inhibiting coupling of sodium to the cotransporter • Cytochalasin B: 2 glucose transporter, GLUT2
- 24. LZHS Water soluble Fiber helps to lower serum cholesterol A number and a colon 1 $100 Which of the following statements about dietary fiber is/are correct? Insoluble fiber increases stool bulk & decrease transit time All of the above Mucilaginous fiber slows the rate of digestion and absorption of cho
- 25. LZHS Monosaccharides are absorbed from the intestine By a Na+-dependent cotransp. For glucose n galac A number and a colon 2 $200 Against a conc. Gradient if the transporter is Na+ dependent By a Na+ independent trans. (GULT2) across d contraluminal membrane Na+ independent facilitated transport for fructose
- 26. LZHS A number and a colon 3 $300 The following polysaccharide is composed of beta glycosidic bonds Starch Dextrin Glycogen Cellulose
- 27. Summary of the seminar Introduction of carbohydrates and classification of CHO Biological importance Important of Glycoconjugates Clinical significance of CHO mainly how glucose homeostasis is maintained, Significance of fiber and etc.. Digestion of carbohydrates Absorption by Na+ glucose cotransport Glucose transporters Important glucose transporters
- 28. References & Additional information sources. Text book of Biochemistry—T. M. Devlin Text book of Biochemistry– Aroor Lehninger text book of biochemistry Text book of biochemistry –Satyanarayana Marks Vasudevan Baynes A C Deb Wikipedia www.fao.org http://www.konjacfoods.com/fiber.html Google images
Hinweis der Redaktion
- 1
- Potential effects of DF consumption. Colonic fermentation with the production of SCFA can be observed with most types of DF to some extent, but it tends to be more pronounced with soluble DF in naturally available foods.