1. SUMITTED BY :- Saket Jain

2.  Roger j. Williams in 1919.
 Elehjem and jukes showed that vita.
B5 requried for growth and prevented
dermatitis in chicken in 1939.
 The total synthesis of structure was
first achieved by the US Merck group
in 1940.

3.  Discovered in 1919 by R.J. Williams.
 Isolated from yeast in 1933.
 Derived from pantothen which is Greek for
“everywhere” because it is widely found in
most foods.
 Also referred to as provitamin B5 and
pantethenol.
 Synthesized in 1940.

4.  Pantothenic acid is naturally found in many foods
including meat, milk, and many vegetables.
 Rich sources of pantothenic acid are mushrooms,
liver, peanuts, eggs, yeast, broccoli and milk.
 Adequate Intake for adults is 5 mg per day, which
most adults meet or exceed.

5. Structure:
 Pantothenic acid is an amide of pantoic acid and
beta – alanine.
Metabolism:
Pantothenic acid must be present in the diet to serve
as a starting point for coenzyme A(CoA).
Coenzyme A is richly found in the liver and poor
quantities in the adrenals.

6.  Pantothenic acid is an essential part of coenzyme A
(CoA):
Functions of CoA in the body:
 As a part of coenzyme A, pantothenic acid donates
fatty acids to proteins in a way that can determine
their location and function within a cell.
 Essential in the formation of ATP and in turn
essential for energy metabolism.
 Essential for HEME formation in hemoglobin.
 Essential in the synthesis of acetylcholine which is
important for nerve transmission.

7.  The chemical structure of pantothenic acid is
shown upto structure. Pantothnic acid is a
pale viscous oil.
 Pantothenic acid is stable to autoclaving at
120 degree C for 30 min i neutral solution
but is destroyed rapidly in acid or alkaline
medium.

8.  CH2-OH-C(CH2)2-CHOH-CO-NH2-CH2-CO-NH-
CH2-CH2SH
PANTOTHEINE
 (CH2-OH-C(CH)2-CHOH-CO-NH-CH2-CO-NH-
CH2-CH2)2S
PANTOTHINE

11.  The herbs in Mind Power Rx include: Ashwagandha,
bacopa monnieri, Fo-Ti, Ginkgo biloba, Ginseng,
Mucuna pruriens, Rhodiola, and Reishi . The nutrients
and vitamins in Mind Power Rx include Acetyl-l-
carnitine, Carnitine, Carnosine, Choline, DMAE,
Inositol, Methylcobalamin, Pantothenic acid,
Trimethylglycine, Tyrosine, and Vinpocetine.

purchase Pantothenic Acid supplement, 250 mg, 250
Tablets - Source Naturals
Pantothenic Acid is a member of the B-vitamin family,
and is often referred to as vitamin B-5. Its bioactive
form, coenzyme A, plays many roles in the body,
including the metabolism of proteins, fats and
carbohydrates, the production of energy, and the
synthesis of red blood cells and the key
neurotransmitter, acetylcholine.

14. UNITED KINGDOM R. D .A : 6mg/day

16.  PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS:
 In the liver species play a role in testicular atrophy,
which glutathione counteracts
 HYPOLIPIDEMIC EFFECTS:
 All three derivatives were able to effectively lower
low-density lipoprotein(LDL),
 HAIR CARE:
 the cosmetic industry began adding pantothenic
acid to various cosmetic products,including
shampoo.

17.  ACNE:
 Dr. Leung also proposed a mechanism, stating that
CoA regulates both hormones and fatty acids and
without sufficient quantities of pantothenic acid,
CoA will preferentially produce and rogens.
 OBESITY:
 In a report published in 1997 by Lit-Hung Leung, it
was hypothesized that pantothenic acid also has
effect on weight management.

18.  Pantothenic acid is also involved in making steroid
hormones, vitamin A, vitamin D, and cholesterol.
 The recommended daily intake of pantothenic acid
is about 5 mg.
 purchase Pantothenic Acid supplement, 250 mg,
250 Tablets - Source Naturals
Supplement Facts:
Pantothenic Acid 250 mg - 2,500% Daily Value
(as calcium d-pantothenate)

19.  Pantothenic acid is also known as B5. Its
widely found in both in plants and animals
includes meat, vegetable, cereals grains and
legumes, eggs and milk.
 Vitamin B complex generally includes
B1,B2,B3,B5,B12, and folic acid. However
some products do not contain all these
ingredients and some may others, such as
Biotin, para aminobenzoic acid, choline,
bitartrate and inosital.

21. Whether high-dose oral contraceptive agents affected
pantothenic acid metabolism /was investigated/ in 13
women between the ages of 19 and 24 years enrolled
in a 12-day confined study. At the end of the study,
blood levels and urinary pantothenic acid excretion
were similar in the subjects and controls. The
investigators concluded that high-dose oral
contraceptive agents do not cause significant changes in
the biochemical parameters of pantothenic acid.
[NAS, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine;
Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin,
Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic
Acid, Biotin, and Choline. National Academy Press,
Washington, D.C., pg. 362, 1998. Available from, as of
March 2, 2010:

22.  Pantothenic acid or vitamin B5 is present in a huge
range of food products including meats like liver,
kidney, and chicken. Vegetables and whole grains
also contain large amounts of this vitamin.
This essential vitamin is actively made inside the
body by bacteria present in the small intestine. As a
result, it’s very rare to find signs of vitamin B5
deficiency. Patients who demonstrate deficiency
symptoms of Vitamin B5 are usually malnourished.
Vitamin B5 oral treatment is an acceptable mode of
therapy.
A few signs that indicate a significant deficiency of
Vitamin B5 are:

23. 1. The first signs of vitamin B5 deficiency are
burning sensations in the hands and feet and
numbness coupled with poor coordination.
2. This vitamin is extremely essential for
acetylcholine synthesis which is required for
muscle contractions and its deficiency can cause
muscle cramps, numbness, and tingling sensations
of muscles which make them very uncomfortable.
3. This vitamin also contributes to producing
energy inside the body. As a result, common
symptoms of vitamin B5 deficiency in the body
are irritability, fatigue, tiredness, and apathy.

24. 4. Intestinal symptoms like diarrhea, vomiting, and
water retention are also other deficiency related
symptoms.
5. Vitamin B5 contributes to sugar metabolism, so
its deficiency causes increased sensitivity of tissue
cells to blood sugar levels. This causes a drop in
blood sugar levels resulting in Hypoglycemia. Sleep
disturbances, restlessness, and irritability are prime
symptoms of a falling blood sugar level and indicate
a deficiency of Vitamin

25.  A deficiency of pantothenic acid leads to depigmentation
of the hair in rats.
 Atrophy of the adrenal cortex with necrosis and
hemorrhage may also occur in animals including rats.
 Deficiency of pantothenic acid is rare because it is
common in most of the foods humans consume.
 However, deficiency has been noted in people who are
malnourished and in alcoholics. Individuals from both of
these groups fail to get the correct nutrition and usually
do not eat anything at all, therefore having no source for
the vitamin.

27. RDA
 2 mg for infants 0-0.5 yr;
 3 mg for children 0.5-3 yrs;
 3-4 mg for children 4-6 yrs;
 4-5 mg for children 7-10 yrs;
 4-7 mg for children 11+ yrs and adults.
 AS INTAKE INCREASES 10- FOLD ,
HOWEVER, ABSORBPTION RATE DECREASES
TO 10%

28. STAY HEALTHY IN YOUR LIFE
TAKES VITAMINS IN YOUR
DIET!!