1. IFAD’s Gender and Targeting Webinar Series
Welcome
Purpose of the webinar series
Webinar programme
• 29 April – Livelihoods & G analysis
• 20 May – T & G strategies and G marker
• 17 June – Indicators of impact
• Other topics – household methodologies

2. Practical tips on how to conduct livelihoods
and gender analysis
Structure
I. Targeting and gender in
project cycle
II. Purpose of livelihoods and
gender analysis
III. Conceptual framework:
livelihoods and gender *
IV. Conducting fieldwork *
V. Outputs *
* Opportunity for contributions

3. I. Where is L&G analysis in the project cycle?
Identification
Design
Implementation and
monitoring
Evaluation
I. Gender and
livelihoods analysis
II. Targeting
and gender
strategies and
mechanisms
III. Operational measures,
indicators, monitoring
IV. Evaluation
and impact
assessment
IFAD staff/
consultants
PMU staff/
consultants

4. Targeting and gender in project cycle

5. Targeting and gender process
Rural livelihoods
Sustainable livelihoods
framework
Data collection
tools
Project design + indicators
Gender strategyTargeting strategy
Project implementation + M&E
Project impact
Gender analysisSocio-economic analysis

6. II. Purpose of livelihoods and gender analysis
Identification of potential target groups
• Main characteristics of target group – resource base,
livelihood strategies, outcomes, vulnerabilities and coping
mechanisms – by wealth, by sex, by age
Basis for project design/implementation
• Analysis of project components by beneficiary and equity issues
• Linkages and pathways between target groups and project
activities from wealth, sex and age perspectives
Strengthen and deepen project impact
• Poverty reduction
• Gender equality and women’s empowerment
• Social inclusion – youth, indigenous peoples

7. Useful resources
Social Analysis for Agriculture and Rural Investment
Projects:
 Practitioner’s Guide
(http://www.fao.org/docrep/014/i2816e/i2816e01.pdf)
 Field Guide (http://www.fao.org/docrep/014/i2816e/i2816e02.pdf ) and
appendix 1 with links to other websites, resources, and checklists
 E-learning Course
(http://www.foodsec.org/dl/elcpages/food-security-
courses.asp?pgLanguage=en&leftItemSelected=food-security-courses)
A Manual for Gender-focused Field Diagnostic Studies
in Eastern and Southern Africa
(http://www.ifad.org/gender/tools/gender/diagnostic.pdf )

8. III. Conceptual framework:
Sustainable livelihoods framework
Livelihood strategies
Farm – home consumption,
market
Off-farm
Non-farm, migration
Other: remittances, pensions
Coping strategies
Livelihood outcomes
Food security
Income
Health
Well-being
Asset accumulation
Status
Assets
Natural
Human
Physical
Financial
Social
Broader environment
Cultural and social norms
Institutions and policies
Legislatory, regulatory, enforcement
External shocks and threats
Weather, natural calamities
Economic shocks, prices,
Pests, diseases, environment

9. (Social analysis, Practitioner’s guide, p 11 – 24)
Terminology
Livelihood assets: resource base of individual households
and communities
Livelihood strategies: range and combination of
activities and choices that people make to achieve
livelihood goals
Livelihood outcomes: what household members
achieve through their livelihood strategies
Vulnerability context and resilience: exposure to
stresses and shocks, of different types and magnitudes,
and ability to withstand and recover from shocks

10. Conceptual framework: Typical areas of inequality
Workloads:
gender division of
labour, household
versus productive tasks,
multi-tasking, length of
working day
Access and control over resources:
human, natural, physical, financial + social
Decision-making:
household, group,
community
Access and control
over benefits:
monetary, non-monetary,
food and nutrition security
Well-being:
health, freedom
from domestic
violence, mobility
Gender roles and relations
Inter-generational issues
Cultural
norms +
practices

11. IV. Conducting fieldwork: Practical tips
• Bring a holistic approach to fieldwork, brainstorm with
colleagues, enhance beneficiary voice
• Recognize diversity in rural communities and livelihoods
• Observe and experience rural livelihoods
• Make data collection interesting, relevant, participatory
• Seize the opportunity and continually collect information
• Strengthen validity of data through triangulation
• Continue to learn and reflect on findings

12. Conducting fieldwork: Data sources
National, regional and district levels
• Secondary data
• Key informant interviews
Checklists (SA Field guide, p 17 – 24)
Community, groups and households
• Community meetings
• Focus group discussions
• Key informant interviews
• Individual household visits
Checklists (SA Field guide, p 25 – 42)

13. Conducting fieldwork: Field tools
• Wealth ranking
• Household livelihoods profile
• Stakeholder analysis
• Problem analysis
• Seasonal calendar and gender
division of labour
• Access and control over
resources and benefits
• Decision-making matrix
Field tools (SA Field guide, p 43 – 75)

14. Capture livelihood experiences of people often
overlooked: Groundnut value chain

15. V. Outputs
Basis for:
• Analysis of project activities and beneficiary outreach
• Analysis of linkages and pathways
• Developing targeting and gender strategies
Typology of target group
• Resources, skills
• Access to services
• Livelihoods (in context of project)
• Vulnerabilities
• Coping mechanisms
• Needs and priorities
Wealth
Gender, youth,
indigenous peoples’
dimensions

16. Analysis: project activities and beneficiary outreach
Poorer
Transitory poor
Economically
active poor
Well
-off
Participatory
planning
Infrastructure
development
Land management
FAL classes
Broad outreach
Poorest
Agricultural productivity
Food security
Agri-business and enterprise
development
FAL II business management
Targeted outreach
Household mentoring
Safety nets
Work programmes

17. Analysis: Linkages and pathways
Poorer
Transitory poor
Economically
active poor
Well
-off
Poorest
Rural financial services
Agricultural and
commercial banks
MFIs and NGOs
Member-owned
Informal
Rural community
Outreach
Products
Graduation

18. Conclusion
Webinar programme
• 29 April – Livelihoods & G analysis
• 20 May – T & G strategies and G marker
• 17 June – Indicators of impact
• Other topics – household methodologies
Recap
• Targeting and gender in project cycle
• Purpose of livelihoods and gender analysis
• Conceptual framework: livelihoods and gender
• Conducting fieldwork
• Outputs